RU2335452C2 - Crane for loads lifting into window aperture, on recessed balconies and balconies of buildings being under construction or repair - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.

SUBSTANCE: crane for lifting and delivery of loads contains stand, jib, cable hoist with electrical drive, screw clamps for fastening to building, and mechanism for jib slewing in horizontal plane. At top end of stand square box is attached which box has hole for joining with screw clamp which has clamp for stand fixing, and lower end of stand rests on seat of adapter removable coupling put on one of the screw clamps and made in the form of two square-section tube lengths fastened together mutually transversely. One tube length is made as socket. Crane can be equipped with bar interacting with crane stand, strut and screw clamp. One end of the bar is made in the form of screw clamp to be fastened to building and the other end of bar is installed in square box hole.

EFFECT: widening of processing capabilities of product without increasing the level of complexity.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the construction industry and can be used to create lightweight cranes for use in the construction and repair of buildings.

Known [1] is a crane for lifting and supplying goods to a window opening of a building, containing a telescopic stand, a bracket with vertical cheeks mounted on it in a horizontal plane, mounted on the cheeks with the possibility of turning an arrow in a vertical plane, a device for fixing the position of the latter, a load gripping device and a cable-block system with a drive for lifting loads, characterized in that, for the purpose of automatically feeding loads into the window opening, it is equipped with end-mounted eccentrics rigidly fixed to the rack th cam with an inclined annular working surface, the swivel bracket is mounted to move along the strut and is made with a supporting element at the lower end interacting with the working surface of the cam, and the locking device is a two-arm lever mounted on the said cheeks with the possibility of one of his shoulder entering, spring-loaded towards the strut, into the groove of the cam and the interaction of the other shoulder in the upper position of the boom with a stop made on it.

A positive feature of the invention [1] is the ability to turn the boom with the load into the window opening with lateral gravitational force from the weight of the load. This allows you to move the load through the window opening without applying the efforts of the worker.

The disadvantages of the technical solution according to the invention [1] are as follows:

- there is no way to adjust the location of the lifting device according to the height of the window opening, which may be necessary when servicing buildings with different window sizes;

- the rotation mechanism of the lifting device under the action of gravitational forces is quite complicated, which increases the cost of the product as a whole;

- the invention cannot be used to create a crane for working with loggias or balconies of buildings under construction and under repair.

A crane is also known according to the application [2] for lifting into the window opening of the building, equipped with mechanisms for turning the boom in the window opening, however, it cannot be used to lift the load to the loggia or balcony, which limits its scope.

In addition, this crane in the window opening is mounted with its base on the window sill, while in the high window openings the upper part of the opening is not used, which limits the possibility of carrying considerable cargo in height through such a window opening into the room.

The aim of the invention is to expand the technological capabilities of the product without increasing the level of complexity.

This is achieved by the fact that in order to simplify the design and expand its functionality, the crane is made up of several simple units (devices), the combination of which in the right combinations will allow lifting work not only from the window opening but also from loggias, balconies and other protruding platforms building.

In figures 1, 2 and 3, the crane is shown fixed in a window opening (figure 1), mounted on the platform of the loggia or balcony (figure 2), on the railing of the loggia or balcony (figure 3).

The crane consists of a lifting device and devices that ensure its installation in the working position in the necessary places.

The lifting device (Fig. 1) includes a rack 1, an arrow 2, a rotary mechanism 3. An electric winch 4, a cable block system 5 and a “final” switch 6 are mounted on the arrow. The rack has a plumb line 7 for installation at the necessary angle to the vertical.

A square box 8 is attached to the upper end of the rack for connection with a clamp 9 when operating a crane from a window opening or with a bar, when using a crane from a loggia or balcony. On the box there is a clip 10 for fixing the rack on a clamp or rod. The boom is attached to the rack through a hinge with a pin 11 with the possibility of rotation in the horizontal plane by gravitational force or by the rotation mechanism 3, in the vertical plane, to use the boom with the required angle, talper 12 is used.

The rotation mechanism 3 (Fig. 1) contains a conical pair 13 with a reverse gear ratio (for example 2: 1) and a lever 14 with a latch 15 for the position of the boom in the horizontal plane. At the upper end of the vertical axis of the conical pair there is an eyelet 16 for mounting the boom.

The boom 2 with the electric winch 4 installed on it is easily disconnected from the rack 1. The rack and arrow are equipped with handles 17 for carrying these nodes by workers.

A set of devices for installing the lifting device in the working position consists of two clamps 1, 2, 3, pos. 9, 18, the rod 19 (figure 2; 3) and the coupling 20, providing the connection of the lifting device with clamps and rod in the necessary combinations. This kit also includes a strut 21 (figure 2; 3), necessary to install a lifting device for working with a loggia or balcony.

Clamps 9 and 18 have one fixed foot 22 and one movable removable foot 23 and 24, respectively. On the clamp 18, the movable leg 23 has a box 25 attached to it with a square socket in the form of a cup and a clamp 10, and on the clamp 9, closer to the fixed leg, the ears 26 are attached. The movable legs on each clamp have stop screws 27. Rod 19 (Fig. .2, 3) is a segment of a square pipe, one end of which is made in the form of a clamp, similar to clamp 9.

The pins 11 for all connections have spring clips that prevent them from falling out of the connected parts. Such pin connections will provide installation - dismantling of the crane without the use of tools.

The adapter sleeve 20 is two pieces of pipe of square cross section, bonded to each other mutually perpendicularly, with one piece made in the form of a glass, and on the second segment with a through hole there is a clip 10.

The crane is used as follows.

1. When working from a window opening, Fig.1.

The lifting device is fixed at the desired height on the wall of the window opening using clamps 9 and 18. For this, the removable paws (stops) 23 and 24 are removed from both clamps. The adapter sleeve 20 is put on the clamp 18 with holes located at right angles. After pushing on the clamp of the removable paw and securing the coupling on the clamp with the clamp 10, this clamp with the help of the stop screw 27 is mounted at the required height to the wall in the window opening. The lower end of the rack 1 of the lifting device is inserted into the vertical socket of the cup of the adapter sleeve 20, then the second clamp 9 is inserted into the box 8 at the upper end of the rack 1, on which the removable foot 24 is then fixed.

Rack 1 using a plumb line 7 is installed in a vertical position, then it is tilted to the side of the building, necessary to rotate the boom with the load through the window reception under the influence of gravitational forces. In this position, the rack is fixed with clamps and clamps 10 on the box 8 and on the coupling 20. An arrow 2 with a load-lifting mechanism 4 is placed on the rack and secured with a pin 11. The arrow, using the turnbuckle 12, is given the necessary tilt for operation.

In this position, the crane is ready for operation.

By turning the lever 14, the operator sets the boom at right angles to the outer wall of the building.

In this position, the arrow is fixed by the latch 15 of the rotary device. The cargo hook of the boom 2 with a lifting mechanism lowers to the ground, here the cargo is attached to it (loaded). The load rises to the upper position, where the limit switch 6 (lift limiter) turns off the electric motor and turns on the brake device. The operator through a rod located on the handle of the lever 14, acts on the latch 15 of the boom, while the boom is released and under the action of the lateral component of gravitational forces or the efforts of the worker applied to the handle 14, is rotated through the window opening into the room. At the same time, acting on the lever handle 14 of the rotary mechanism 3, the operator adjusts the speed of rotation of the boom with the load and ensures that the load does not touch the opposite wall of the window opening. In the position where the arrow in the horizontal plane becomes at right angles to the internal wall of the building, it is secured by the latch 15 of the rotary mechanism. In this position, the load drops to the floor. The process is then repeated.

Dismantling the crane is carried out in the reverse order to the described installation.

2. When using a crane from the base (cantilever-mounted reinforced concrete slab) of the loggia or balcony before installing railings or fences on them, Fig.2.

A movable paw 23 with a glass 25 is put on the clamp 18. This clamp is mounted on the edge of the plate in a vertical position opposite the edge of the door or window opening overlooking the loggia (balcony). The rack 1 is inserted into the glass 25. The rod 19 is inserted at one end into the hole of the square box 8 at the upper end of the rack 1, and its second end, which serves as a clamp, is fixed to the wall of the door or window opening. Then, at a certain distance from the clamp 18 (Fig. 2 to the left), the clamp 9 is mounted vertically with the movable paw 24 previously mounted on it, with the ears 28. The strut 21 is attached to the ears with the help of the pin 11. The other end is attached a pin 11 to the ears 29 located on the upper end of the rack 1.

Using a plumb line 7, the rack 1 is installed with the desired slope towards the building and fixed with clamps 10.

The boom with the lifting device is mounted on the rack. Lifting the load and feeding it into place is the same as in the case of work from a window opening.

3. When using a crane from a loggia or balcony with a fence (railing), Fig.3.

An adapter sleeve 20 is pushed onto the clamp 18, the clamp is horizontally mounted on the railing (fencing) of the loggia or balcony and fixed with a screw 27. The rack 1 is inserted into the vertical socket of the sleeve glass 20. The rod 19 is inserted at one end of the square box 8 at the upper end of the rack 1, and its second end, which serves as a clamp, is fixed on the wall of a door or window opening.

Then, at a certain distance from the clamp 18 (to the left in FIG. 3), the clamp 9 is horizontally mounted on the railing. A movable paw 24 is put on it. A strut 21 is attached to the ears 26 using the pin 11 with one end 21. The other end is attached with the pin 11 to ears 29 located on the upper end of the rack 1.

Further fastening of the lifting device, installation of the rack 1 and the boom at the desired angle, and lifting of the load are carried out, as in previous cases.

A positive effect of the use of the invention is achieved through the use of a screw clamp with a removable stop (paw), a rod, a strut and a transition sleeve with mutually perpendicular holes to install a crane lifting device in a window opening, on a loggia or balcony.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. Patent 2048423 (terminated according to the data on 09/19/05). A crane for lifting and supplying goods to the window opening of a building with a priority of 1991.06.20. Authors: Deulin I.Ya. and etc.

2. The decision to grant a patent for a utility model by application No. 2006103385/22 (003689) with priority dated January 26, 2006. Crane for lifting and supplying goods to the window opening of the building. Authors: Reutov Yu.M., Idiatullina L.R., Kozlov A.V.

Claims (1)

A crane for lifting goods into the window opening, on the loggias and balconies of buildings under construction and under repair, containing a stand, an arrow, an electric winch, clamps for attaching to the building and a mechanism for turning the arrow in a horizontal plane, characterized in that at the upper end of the crane stand there is a square a box with an opening for connection to a clamp, which has a clamp for fixing the rack, and the lower end of the rack rests on the socket of the adapter removable sleeve, worn on one of the clamps and made in the form of two pieces of pipe cross section, mutually perpendicular to each other, and one segment is made in the form of a glass, the crane can also be equipped with a rod interacting with the crane stand, strut and clamps, one end of the rod is made in the form of a clamp for attaching to the building, and the other end installed in the hole of the square box.

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