RU2335429C1 - Suspended wind engine for small vessels - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation, engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: suspended wind engine for small vessels includes mast, windwheel with flexible or rigid blades containing ribs, transmission, propulsive screw with drive located in body, and fin. Windwheel, transmission, fin and propulsive screw are integrated in one structure equipped with horizontal half-axles fitted into mast bearings.

EFFECT: providing safe for crew movement of small vessel at any angle to wind direction.

4 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to engines for small boats, in particular to wind turbines, and can be used as an environmentally friendly and noiseless device for movement on water.

Known wind turbine for a vessel, including a mast mounted in a vertical plane near the center of the lateral resistance of the vehicle, a wind wheel with a large number of flexible or rigid blades with ribs, mounted on the top of the mast and able to rotate around a vertical axis, balancing rod, balancing and fixing the wind wheel when it is rotated around a vertical axis and installed perpendicular to the wind under the influence of the incoming air flow. Flexible or rigid blades are balanced by means of counterweights around their own axes and are equipped with a pitch control mechanism that allows the blade to rotate around its own axis. In the working position, the blades are directed at an angle of not more than 45 degrees to the direction of the wind. Power is transmitted from the wind wheel to the stationary propeller via a mechanical transmission. The movement of the vessel is controlled using the steering wheel. The wind wheel is equipped with a brake device. (UK Patent Application GB 2286570 A, publ. 08.23.1995).

The disadvantages of this engine is that the need to place the mast in the center of lateral resistance leads to the fact that the rotating wind wheel will be directly above the heads of the crew, which is dangerous and psychologically unacceptable, in addition, turning the blade around its own axis is not enough for the wind turbine to work effectively against and against the wind.

The stationary fixing of the propeller limits the possibility of swimming in shallow water.

A large number of blades installed at an angle of not more than 45 degrees to the direction of the wind cannot provide a high speed of the vessel against the wind.

The use of a rudder in a prototype for controlling a ship equipped with a wind turbine leads to a significant decrease in the speed of movement against the wind due to an increase in the hydrodynamic resistance of a symmetrical profile in the presence of an angle of attack on it.

The aim of the invention is the provision of safe for the crew of the movement of a small vessel at any angle to the direction of the wind, including against the wind at the highest possible speed and making it possible to sail in shallow water and areas overgrown with algae.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in an outboard wind turbine that includes a mast, a wind wheel with flexible or rigid blades equipped with ribs, a transmission, a fin and a propeller with a drive in the housing, according to the invention, the wind wheel, a transmission, a fin and a propeller are combined into one design equipped with horizontal axles inserted in the bearings of the mast, the ribs of the flexible blades are equipped with bushings with grooves of different lengths, the propeller drive housing is equipped with a bearing to rotate the housing, and the propeller fin is made with an axial hole through which the rotary propeller drive housing passes, and in its upper part the fin is made with a figured protrusion for fixing the mast lock, while the installation angle of the ends of the flexible or rigid blades to the plane of rotation of the wind wheel is made in the range of 20 25 degrees, and the angle of installation of the blades at a distance of 0.25 radius from the center of the wind wheel is made in the range from 55 to 65 degrees.

Figure 1 shows a structural diagram of an outboard wind turbine with flexible blades.

Figure 2 shows a General view of an outboard wind turbine with flexible blades on an inflatable boat.

Figure 3 shows a General view of an outboard wind turbine with flexible blades in a raised position.

Figure 4 shows a General view of an outboard wind turbine with rigid blades on a kayak.

Figure 5 shows a General view of an outboard wind turbine with rigid blades in a raised position.

The outboard wind turbine for small boats contains: propeller - 1, conical gear of the propeller - 2, drive shaft - 3, pipe of the drive shaft housing - 4, mast lock - 5, rear mast edge - 6, steering rod - 7, ship hull - 8, the front edge of the mast - 9, the cable-screw clamp - 10, the nozzle - 11, the ring support - 12, the bevel gear of the wind turbine - 13, the axis of rotation of the wind turbine in the vertical plane - 14, the jumpers for connecting the edges of the mast - 15, 16, the rod horizontal wind turbine control - 17, control bar gr with a propeller - 18, a propeller control rod retainer - 19, a wind turbine hub - 20, a vane rib sleeve - 21, tubular spars - 22, vane ribs - 23, a propeller drive housing bearing - 24, a fin shaped protrusion - 25, a fin - 26.

The propeller 1 through a bevel gear 2, a drive shaft 3 and a bevel gear 13 is connected to the hub of the wind wheel 20. The drive shaft 3 is enclosed in a pipe of the housing of the drive shaft 4. This pipe can be rotated in the bearing 24 using the steering rod 7. The front ribs of the mast 9, fixed on the stern 8, in its upper part there are holes that serve as bearings for fixing in them the axle shafts 14 of the ring 12, in which the nozzle 11 can be rotated, fixed in the desired position by a cable-screw clamp 10, fixing the position of the rod 17. In the hub wind the wheels 20 are inserted round spars 22, equipped with stops for bushings 21, vane ribs 23. The stops enter the grooves of the bush 21. The fin of the propeller 26 in the working position is fixed to its figured protrusion 25 by a lock 5, mounted on the rear edge of the mast 6. On the spars 22 and ribs 23 put on a tissue sheath.

The rigidity of the mast is provided by jumpers 15 and 16. The control rod for controlling the rotation of the propeller drive housing 18 is connected to a control link provided with a latch 19.

Outboard wind turbine operates as follows. Initially, the outboard wind turbine is raised and the wind wheel is in a horizontal position. When moving away from the shore to a depth slightly greater than the diameter of the propeller, the outboard wind turbine rotates on the axles 14 inserted in the bearings of the mast, and the propeller is lowered into the water. In this case, the fin 26 with its figured protrusion 25 enters the castle of the mast 5 and is fixed in it. The tie rod end 7 is inserted into the hole of the propeller control rod 18. The ends of the cables exiting the cable-screw clamp 10 are inserted into the holes of the wind turbine control rod in the horizontal plane 17, and the wind wheel is deployed in the annular support 12 perpendicular to the wind or at the necessary angle to the direction the wind. This direction is fixed with a screw clamp. Under the action of the oncoming flow, the weathervane ribs 23 rotate around the side members 22 on the bushes 21 and stand on the stops included in the grooves of the bushes 21. The length of the groove determines the angle of rotation of the ribs. In ribs located closer to the hub 20, the groove length is longer than in the end ribs. Due to this, the necessary aerodynamic twist of the flexible blade of the wind wheel is provided. The wind wheel begins to spin. The mechanical moment from the wind wheel is transmitted to the propeller 1 through the bevel gear of the wind turbine 13, the drive shaft 3 and the bevel gear of the propeller 2. The vessel is controlled in the direction of rotation by turning the pipe of the drive shaft housing 4 in the bearing 24 using the rod 18 with a stationary fin 26. predetermined course occurs using the lock rod control propeller 19.

When the wind direction changes to the opposite, the vane ribs 23 unfold under the action of the air flow as shown in view A and become abutted, changing the aerodynamic twist of the blade to the opposite, and the direction of rotation of the wind wheel and, therefore, the propeller remains the same. Thus, any wind direction in the range of 360 degrees relative to the course of the vessel can be used when the wind wheel rotates 90 degrees in one or the other direction. In this case, the wind wheel always remains outside the crew area and the plane of its rotation never passes through the area where people are located.

The choice of flexible or rigid blades is determined by the type of vessel. For short inflatable boats, the situation when the wind wheel is rotated 360 degrees is unacceptable. In this case, the use of flexible blades makes the operation of an outboard wind turbine safe.

However, the aerodynamic quality of flexible blades is lower than rigid. For relatively long small boats, such as kayaks, it is possible to rotate the wind wheel of an outboard wind turbine 360 degrees without danger to the crew. In this case, it is always possible to choose a plane of rotation of the wind wheel so that it does not pass through the plane of finding people. The use in this case of rigid blades with high aerodynamic quality with an insignificant change in the control circuit of an outboard wind turbine allows you to achieve greater speed when moving against the wind.

Claims (4)

1. An outboard wind turbine for small vessels, including a mast, a wind wheel with flexible or rigid blades containing ribs, a transmission, a propeller with a drive located in the hull, and a fin, characterized in that the wind wheel, transmission, fin and propeller are combined in one design equipped with horizontal axles inserted in the bearings of the mast. 2. The outboard wind turbine for small boats according to claim 1, characterized in that the ribs of the flexible blades in their root part are provided with bushings with grooves of different lengths. 3. The outboard wind turbine for small boats according to claim 1, characterized in that the propeller drive housing is provided with bearings to rotate the housing, and the propeller fin is made with an axial hole through which the propeller drive housing passes, and in its upper part, the fin made with a curly protrusion for connecting it to the mast. 4. The outboard wind turbine for small boats according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle of installation of the ends of the flexible and rigid blades to the plane of rotation of the wind wheel is made in the range of 20-25 °, and the angle of installation of the blades at a distance of 0.25 radius from the center of the wind wheel is made range from 55 to 65 °.

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