RU2335322C1 - Tubular head of film evaporator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: invention concerns heat-mass exchange process instrumentation in gas (vapour) - fluid system and can be applied in chemical, food and some other related industries. Tubular head of film evaporator includes tube grid, fluid dispenser and pipe with wire spiral wound on its outer surface. Spiral coils in adjoining areas have opposite slant, and a conical insert contacts upper coil. A tube grid is additionally installed in upper tubular head part; dispenser is made of elastic material in the form of blunted cone with larger base attached to lower tube grid and smaller base edge loosely adjacent to outer surface of the pipe, while the pipe is rigidly fixed in additional tube grid, and between two tube grids a cavity for fluid is formed.

EFFECT: possibility to adjust parametres of heat-mass exchange processes by changing excess pressure of fluid in cavity between tube grids.

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Description

The invention relates to the hardware design of heat and mass transfer processes in a gas (steam) - liquid system and can find application in the chemical, food and a number of other related industries.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed one is the tubular nozzle of the film apparatus [A.S. No. 1533720, publ. 01/07/1990, bull. No. 1], consisting of an annular distributor and a pipe, on the outer surface of which a wire spiral is wound, a conical insert adjacent to the upper coil of the spiral.

The disadvantage of the nozzle is the low efficiency of heat and mass transfer processes due to the inability to control the thickness and velocity of the fluid film.

An object of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the process by creating the ability to control the thickness and velocity of the fluid film.

The task is achieved by the fact that in the tubular nozzle of the film apparatus, consisting of a tube sheet, a liquid distributor and a pipe, on the outer surface of which a wire spiral is wound with an opposite slope of the turns in adjacent sections, a conical insert is adjacent to the upper turn of the spiral, which is new because in the upper part of the tubular nozzle, an additional tube sheet is installed, the distributor is made of elastic material in the form of a truncated cone, the larger base of which is attached to the bottom tubesheet, and the smaller base adjacent to the free edge of the outer surface of the tube, wherein the tube is rigidly fixed in an additional tube plate, and between the two tube sheets defining a cavity for fluid.

The drawing shows a tubular nozzle of a film apparatus.

The tubular nozzle of the film apparatus contains a distributor 1 made of an elastic material in the form of a truncated cone. The edge of the larger base of the distributor is fixed to the lower tube sheet 2. The edge of the smaller base of the distributor fits snugly on the outer surface of the pipe 3. The pipe 3 is rigidly fixed in the upper tube sheet 4. A fluid cavity A is formed between the two tube sheets. On the outer surface of the pipe 3, a wire spiral 5 and a conical insert 6 are wound. The spiral 5 is wound onto the pipe 3 in sections with an opposite slope of the turns in adjacent sections. The conical insert 6 is adjacent to the upper turn of the spiral 5, and its generatrix is inclined to the vertical at an angle. The outer diameter of the conical insert 6 is equal to the outer diameter of the spiral coil 5.

The nozzle works as follows.

The contacting liquid phase enters the cavity A and the conical distributor 1. Evenly distributed, the liquid creates excess pressure in the cavity A, thereby causing deformation of the edges of the elastic distributor 1, which is freely adjacent to the pipe 3. An annular gap is formed through which liquid is extruded onto the pipe surface 3 The fluid uniformly flows around the conical insert 6, the spiral 5 and moves along the outer surface of the pipe 3, interacting with the upward flow of steam (gas). The width of the gap, and therefore the thickness and speed of the squeezed out liquid, is regulated by the excess pressure created inside the cavity A, which contributes to the intensification of the heat and mass transfer process. To stop the flow of fluid, it is necessary to remove the excess fluid pressure, as a result of which the elastic distributor 1 under the action of elastic deformation returns to its original position, the gap is closed, and the flow stops. After passing through the working volume, the contacting phases are removed from the apparatus.

The proposed tubular nozzle of the film apparatus allows controlling the parameters of heat and mass transfer processes by changing the magnitude of the excess liquid pressure in the cavity formed between the tube sheets.

Claims (1)

The tubular nozzle of the film apparatus, consisting of a tube sheet, a liquid distributor and a pipe, on the outer surface of which a wire spiral is wound with an opposite inclination of the turns in adjacent sections, a conical insert adjoins the upper turn of the spiral, characterized in that a tube end is additionally installed in the upper part of the tube grate, distributor is made of elastic material in the form of a truncated cone, the larger base of which is attached to the lower tube sheet, and the edge of the smaller one is based the ia freely adheres to the outer surface of the pipe, while the pipe is rigidly fixed in the additional tube sheet, and a liquid cavity is formed between the two tube sheets.