RU2333043C1 - Hydrocyclone - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity; engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: hydrocyclone includes body with cylindrical and conic parts, tangential inlet jet for purifying water, confluent jet for clarified water, outlet jet for solid phase, tool for additional processing of purifying water, and outlet jet for gas phase which is placed on the butt-end of cylindrical part of the body. Tool for additional processing of purifying water is electrolysis section with n-pairs of electrodes like coaxially mounted cylinders fixed on an insulating disk. The electrodes are placed in the anode - cathode sequence in the cylindrical part of the body, the last one is connected with the negative pole of current source. Inlet jet for purifying water is placed in the wall of the cylindrical part of the body under the insulating disk of electrolysis section. Except the central cathode, electrodes have holes at the level of inlet jet for purifying water. Confluent jet has a deferent pipe which is placed coaxially in the central cathode of electrolysis section.

EFFECT: increase of efficiency and quality of water purification; intensification of processing large volumes of water in a short period of time; separation of oil products and admixtures from the water flow.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for the continuous processing and separation of substances in industrial, domestic and other wastewater, and for the purification and treatment of drinking and natural waters, and can find application in chemical, food and other industries, as well as in public utilities.

A hydrocyclone is known, including a housing divided by a partition into a filtrate chamber and a source material separation chamber with a supply pipe tangentially installed in the upper part and a discharge pipe in the lower part, the filtrate chamber is formed by a mesh cup mounted coaxially to the housing in which the electrode is located [Patent No. 2205698, class B03B 5/34, B04C 3/06, publ. 2003.06.10].

The presence of an electrode makes it possible to periodically create a pressure impulse in a suspension in an electrohydrodynamic way, the value of which allows not only to free the surface of the filter element from the sediment, but also to remove particles of granular material stuck in them from the cells of the filter surface of the glass.

However, the known hydrocyclone has several disadvantages:

- low work efficiency due to the penetration of fine particles through the walls of the glass into the finished product, which is important for the purification and treatment of drinking and natural waters,

- a decrease in the classification rate during the operation of the hydrocyclone and the need for frequent regeneration of the filter surface due to clogging of the perforation of the cup with medium particles,

- low productivity of the hydrocyclone due to the accumulation of suspended matter in the outlet zone of purified water.

A device for cleaning drinking water, containing a closed housing, in the lower part of which there is a hydrocyclone, and in the cylindrical part - a replaceable filter element, inlet and outlet pipes; the filter element is made in the form of a fiberglass disk with through holes and is located under the protective mesh between two elastic rings, with the lower ring installed at the base of the cylindrical part of the housing, and the upper one pressed against the glass disk by an elastic spring [RF Patent No. 2213059, cl. C02F 1/38, C02F 9/00, B01D 45/12, publ. 2003.09.27].

Fiberglass disk with holes with a diameter of 0.2 ... 10 microns and a thickness of more than 0.5 mm is corrosion-resistant and has very low adhesion to metals and biological impurities. In addition, it is possible to regenerate the filter element from adhering organic compounds and microorganisms by heating it from a protective grid of electric heating material.

The known device has several disadvantages: the design of the hydrocyclone is not capable of separating fine particles, these particles penetrate the glass disk and contaminate the filter element, which reduces its resource; fine particles clog holes in the glass disk and take it out of work, and with it the device. In the process of operation of the device there is a need for frequent regeneration of the filter element. In addition, the filter element has an unstable cleaning ability during the inter-regenerative period of operation.

The closest technical solution to the proposed one is a hydrocyclone, including a housing having a cylindrical reaction and conical settling chamber, a tangential nozzle for introducing purified water, a drain nozzle for clarified water, a nozzle for withdrawing solid phase and a means for additional water treatment [RF Patent No. 2215591, cl. B04C 11/00, publ. 2003.11.10].

The additional water treatment is made in the form of a bactericidal lamp mounted along its central axis in the internal stream in a sealed protective case, the inlet pipe to which is led out through the outlet pipe of the solid phase, and the outlet pipe ends at the entrance to the drain pipe.

Known hydrocyclone has the following disadvantages:

- low separation ability of the hydrocyclone, since when installed in the chamber of a cylindrical glass, the peripheral velocity component on the surface of the suspension film decreases, which reduces the centrifugal force acting on the flow,

- insufficient separation of suspensions due to the weak swirling of the fluid flow and, consequently, the small magnitude of the resulting centrifugal forces, in addition, the peripheral component of the flow velocity quickly attenuates in the direction of the axis of the apparatus, which significantly reduces its separation ability,

- incomplete removal of fine solid particles from the liquid, as well as the impossibility of separating oil products and oil-containing impurities from the liquid stream.

The technical solution to the problem of the invention is to increase the efficiency and quality of water treatment, the intensification of the processing of large volumes of water in a short period of time, as well as the possibility of separation of oil products and oil-containing impurities from the liquid stream.

The problem is solved in that the hydrocyclone, comprising a housing having cylindrical and conical parts, a tangential nozzle for introducing purified water, a drain nozzle for clarified water, a nozzle for outputting the solid phase and means for additional processing of the purified water, further comprises a nozzle for withdrawing the gas phase located at the end of the cylindrical body parts. The additional treatment of purified water is an electrolysis section with n-pairs of electrodes made in the form of coaxially mounted cylinders mounted on an insulating disk and placed in the anode-cathode sequence in a cylindrical section of the housing, the latter being connected to the negative pole of the current source, while the input of the purified water is located in the wall of the cylindrical part of the housing under the electrical insulating disk of the electrolysis section, the electrodes, except for the central cathode, are flush with a hole at the level of the inlet of the purified water, and the drain pipe of clarified water is equipped with a discharge pipe located coaxially in the central cathode of the electrolysis section.

The electrolysis section contains n-pairs of electrodes, where n is from 1 to 5.

Preferably, the discharge pipe of the drain pipe should be made with a length of at least 2/3 of the height of the electrolysis section.

It is advisable to provide the clarified water drain pipe with water magnetizing means made in the form of a permanent magnet or electromagnet and installed coaxially from the outside of the drain pipe.

Figure 1 presents a General view of a hydrocyclone in section.

Figure 2 is a view aa of figure 1.

The hydrocyclone body consists of a cylindrical reaction and conical settling parts, respectively 1 and 2.

The cylindrical reaction part 1 of the hydrocyclone body is designed to restore the energy balance of water, remove the gas phase contained in the treated water into the atmosphere, coagulate colloidal particles and concentrate suspended solids in the wall layer under the action of centrifugal forces, as well as collect and withdraw the treated water.

The conical settling part 2 of the hydrocyclone body is designed to collect and discharge suspended solids in the form of sludge.

The hydrocyclone has a tangential pipe 3 for introducing purified water, a drain pipe 4 for clarified water, a pipe 5 for outputting a solid phase and a pipe 6 for outputting a gas phase.

The hydrocyclone is equipped with an electrolysis section located in the cylindrical part 1 of the housing.

The electrolysis section consists of two electrodes: anode 7 and cathode 8, made in the form of coaxially mounted cylinders, and an electrical insulating disk 9 on which the electrodes are mounted (figure 1 shows a variant of a hydrocyclone with one pair of electrodes, however, depending on the problem being solved and the process liquids in a hydrocyclone several pairs of electrodes can be used). The cylindrical part 1 of the housing is connected to the negative pole of the current source (not shown in the drawings). The anode 7 of the electrolysis section is located at an equal distance between the cathode 9 and the housing. The anode 7 is made with a hole 10 at the level of the pipe 3 of the input of the purified water. The pipe 3 is located in the cylindrical part 1 of the housing under the electrical insulating disk 9, which is made with a hole 11 for venting the gas phase.

The inner space of the Central cathode 8 of the electrolysis section forms a drainage chamber 12.

The pipe 6 output of the gas phase is located at the end of the cylindrical part 1 of the housing.

The drain pipe 4 is equipped with a discharge pipe 13 located in the drainage chamber of the electrolysis section, mounted at its inlet and made at least 2/3 of the height of the electrolysis section. The length of the pipe 13 is governed by the location of clarified water in the upper part of the catchment chamber 12.

In addition, the drain pipe 4 is equipped with a means of magnetization of water 14, made in the form of an electromagnet, and at low water consumption - in the form of a permanent magnet. The electromagnet 14 and the permanent magnet (not shown in the drawings) can be installed both together and individually. Joint installation is more effective for water treatment.

An electromagnet 14 and a permanent magnet are used to reduce the formation of solid deposits, protect against pitting corrosion and increase the service life of the equipment.

The hydrocyclone works as follows.

The purified water tangentially enters the electrolysis section of the hydrocyclone, in which it is divided into two parts (or more parts, provided that several pairs of electrodes are used). The first part of the flow passes between part 1 of the housing and the anode 7, and the second part of the flow enters through the hole 10 in the anode 7 into the space between the anode 7 and the cathode 8.

The gas phase, rising upward, freely leaves through the hole 11 in the disk 9 and then through the pipe 6 into the open atmosphere.

Water, acquiring an active rotational movement along the cross section of the section, moves along it from top to bottom. When an electric field is applied, effective coagulation of colloidal particles in the treated water occurs.

The separation of suspended solids and treated water occurs in the conical part 2 of the hydrocyclone. Suspended matter is deposited on the walls and collected in a special storage hopper (not shown in the drawings), from where a slurry pump (not shown in the drawings) is periodically pumped to silt sites.

Purified clarified water, rising to the top of the catchment chamber 12, through a discharge pipe 13 and a drain pipe 4 with an electromagnet 14 enters the outlet pipe (not shown in the drawings), from where it flows by gravity for use or further processing.

A hydrocyclone is a device that combines a pressureless hydrocyclone and electrolysis water treatment.

The proposed hydrocyclone improves the efficiency and quality of water treatment due to the integrated use of non-pressure hydrocyclone, which allows you to remove a significant portion of suspended solids and the gas phase from the treated liquid, and electrolysis processing of liquids, which allows you to efficiently coagulate fine particles, as well as petroleum products and oil-containing impurities in treated water.

The design of the hydrocyclone intensifies the process of processing large volumes of water in a short period of time by dividing the fluid flow into parts in the electrolysis section.

Claims (4)

1. A hydrocyclone comprising a housing having cylindrical and conical parts, a tangential nozzle for introducing purified water, a drain pipe for clarified water, a nozzle for outputting a solid phase and means for additional processing of purified water, characterized in that the hydrocyclone further comprises a nozzle for withdrawing a gas phase located at the end the cylindrical part of the housing, the means for additional processing of the water to be treated is an electrolysis section with n pairs of electrodes made in the form of coaxially mounted cylinders mounted on an electrical insulating disk, and placed in sequence anode-cathode in a cylindrical section of the housing, the latter is connected to the negative pole of the current source, while the input pipe of the purified water is located in the wall of the cylindrical part of the housing under the electrical insulation disk of the electrolysis section, electrodes, except for the central cathode are made with a hole at the level of the inlet of the purified water, and the drain pipe of clarified water is equipped with a discharge pipe located coaxially in the central m cathode electrolysis section. 2. The hydrocyclone according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrolysis section contains n pairs of electrodes, where n is from 1 to 5. 3. The hydrocyclone according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet pipe of the drain pipe is made with a length of at least 2/3 of the height of the electrolysis section. 4. The hydrocyclone according to claim 1, characterized in that the clarified water drain pipe is equipped with a water magnetization means made in the form of a permanent magnet or an electromagnet and mounted coaxially on the outside of the pipe.

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