RU2332916C2 - Warmed footwear - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: items of personal and household use.

SUBSTANCE: warmed footwear contains a device for foot heating. The electroheating element is made in a multilayered insole and connected by current distributor to the small-sized power supply equipped with a switch. The insole is executed from nine layers, the fifth layer from below being made of current-carrying tyres from copper or nickel, while other layers are made of polymeric materials.

EFFECT: improved operational properties of footwear.

5 cl, 4 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to footwear production and can be used for heating shoes of personnel of special forces and services on duty or working outdoors at low ambient temperatures, as well as for builders, gas workers and oil workers working in the cold season.

Special conditions for the service of special forces personnel, especially in the winter cold season, impose stringent requirements on clothing, shoes, and on the whole equipment of personnel, primarily to ensure the necessary temperature conditions. It is especially important to ensure that heat is retained in the foot area using heated systems that are lightweight and lightweight. For these purposes, various heat generation systems based on chemical, physico-chemical, electrical, mechanical and radiation methods are used.

Known shoes with a device for heating the feet, in which the insulating insole is made of three layers, while the outer layers are insulating, and the inner layer is made of several parts of polymer material connected to each other by current conductors with different electrical resistivities located in the heel and toe parts while providing a different temperature for heating the foot (SU 333932 A, class A43B 7/04, 05/05/1972).

This invention does not imply the possibility of operating from small-sized power sources, which reduces the operational properties of the system.

The closest analogue of the claimed invention is SU 1709982 A1, cl. A43B 7/02, 02/07/1992, from which shoes with a device for heating the foot in the form of a multi-layer insert insole containing electric heating elements provided with contacts and located in the forefoot and calcaneal parts of the inner layer of the insole, a small-sized power supply and a current lead are known, moreover its outer layers are made insulating. Electric heating elements are made in the form of ceramic plates, and in the inner layer of the insole there are nests for placing electric heating elements with contacts and a current lead.

A disadvantage of the known device is its low performance. The ceramic plates give the insole rigidity, which prevents a person from walking, in addition, the heat resistance of the known heating element is insufficient to maintain heat when the power source is off, the insole is heavy and uncomfortable. Covering the structure with a film (bottom) does not provide the hygienic properties of the insole. The power source is not equipped with a switch that provides the ability to turn off the device, which reduces operational properties.

The objective of the present invention is to remedy the above disadvantages, namely the creation of heated shoes with high performance properties such as hygiene, moisture resistance, heat resistance, strength, flexibility.

The technical result is an increase in operational properties.

This result is achieved by the fact that in a heated shoe containing a device for heating the foot, including a multilayer insole with an electric heating element provided with contacts, a small-sized power supply and a current path connected to the contacts, in contrast to the known solution, the insole is made of nine layers located in the following sequences from bottom to bottom - the first layer of heat-insulating nonwoven fabric based on lavsan, the second layer of a laminate film of lavsan, the third layer of poly a mid-film, the fourth layer of carbon black polyimide, the fifth layer (not continuous) of busbars made of copper or nickel, the sixth layer of fluoroplast-26 (a copolymer of vinyl fluoride with hexafluoropropylene) obtained from solutions in acetone, ethyl acetate and cyclohansanone taken in the ratio 1 : 1: 1 by volume, the seventh layer is aluminum-metallized lavsan, the eighth layer is a laminate film of lavsan, the ninth layer is a heat-conducting nonwoven fabric based on lavsan, while the electric heating element is formed by the third and four th layer and the power source is equipped with a switch.

The thickness of the first layer is 2-5 mm, the second is 0.1-0.3 mm, the third is 0.03-0.05 mm, the fourth is 0.01 mm, the fifth is 0.008-0.01 mm, and the sixth is 0.003 -0.005 mm, seventh - 0.03-0.04 mm, eighth - 0.2 mm, ninth - 1-2 mm.

A small-sized power source can be mounted in shoes, in particular in the boot or heel, or located outside the shoe, for example on a waist belt.

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings, where

figure 1 shows the heated shoes, General view,

figure 2 shows a heated shoe with a lined insole and a power source,

figure 3 shows the charging of the power source,

figure 4 shows the control of charging the power source.

Heated shoes (1) contain a device for heating the foot, including a multilayer insole (4) with an electric heating element (not shown in the drawings) equipped with contacts (not shown in the drawings), a small-sized power source (3) and a current lead (5) associated with contacts 7. The insole is made of nine layers located in the following sequence from bottom to top:

the first layer of heat-insulating non-woven material based on lavsan, with a thickness of 2000-5000 microns (2-5 mm), is designed to reduce heat transfer from the heating element to the sole of the shoe;

the second layer of a laminator film of lavsan 200 microns thick (0.1-0.3 mm), designed to give stiffness, flexibility, bending strength and moisture resistance;

the third layer of a polyimide film with a thickness of 30-50 microns (0.03-0.05 mm), is intended for strength, flexibility and ensuring the heat resistance of the heating element;

the fourth layer of carbon black polyimide with a thickness of 10 μm (0.01 mm), is intended to impart electrical conductivity, heat conductivity and heat dissipation of the polyimide material;

the fifth layer (not continuous) of conductive busbars made of copper or nickel, galvanically deposited on the surface (along the edges) of a carbon-filled polyimide with a thickness of 8-10 μm (0.008-0.01 mm), is intended to increase the electrical conductivity and mechanical strength of the polyimide film during bending , as well as for soldering current leads to a polyimide film;

the sixth layer of fluoroplastic-26, obtained from solutions in acetone, ethyl acetate and cyclohexanone, taken in a ratio of 1: 1: 1 by volume, with a thickness of 3-5 μm (0.003-0.005 mm), prevents the oxidation of current-carrying tires, mechanically fixes the current-carrying tires on the surface of the polyimide film, creates an elastic buffer layer between the conductive polyimide film and metallized lavsan;

the seventh layer of metallized (A1) lavsan with a thickness of 30-40 microns (0.03-0.04 mm), is designed to equalize the temperature on the surface of the fuel layer;

the eighth layer of a laminate film from dacron 200 microns thick (0.2 mm), designed to give rigidity, flexibility, flexural strength and moisture resistance of the insole;

the ninth layer is made of a wear-resistant, heat-conducting nonwoven material based on lavsan with a thickness of 1000-2000 microns (1-2 mm), designed for intensive heat transfer to the leg, and also provides hygiene.

The properties of each of the layers together can provide the claimed technical result.

The thickness of the first layer is 2-5 mm, the second is 0.1-0.3 mm, the third is 0.03-0.05 mm, the fourth is 0.01 mm, the fifth is 0.008-0.01 mm, and the sixth is 0.003 -0.005 mm, seventh - 0.03-0.04 mm, eighth - 0.2 mm, ninth - 1-2 mm.

The combination of high heat resistance of polyimide (its long-term operating temperature of 250 ° C and above) and low electrical conductivity of a carbon black layer (its specific volumetric electrical conductivity is 4-5 · 10 ^-3 Ohm · m) allows this flexible durable duplicated film material to be used as a low-power heat source provided that the AC or DC electric current is passed through the conductive layer of the material. The temperature of the heating of the material depends on the density of the current flowing through the conductive layer of the film, which is directly related to the magnitude of the electric voltage supplied to specially formed current-carrying buses previously applied to the edges of the conductive layer of the material.

By setting the magnitude of the supply voltage, it is possible to regulate the heat release of the film heater, and hence its temperature. The magnitude of the voltage of the electrical power can be changed over a wide range, for example, from 220 V at an industrial frequency of 50 Hz to several volts of alternating current, tens of volts of direct current (from autonomous power supplies for various purposes, dimensions and electrochemical systems with voltages of 9-48 and more volts )

The ohmic resistance of a film heater of a certain shape with a conductive layer with a thickness of 0.01 mm can be calculated according to formulas known in electrical engineering and then directly measured after the manufacture of a specific heating device and the application of conductive tires on it.

A heat-resistant, flexible, durable, electrically conductive duplicated polyimide-based polymer material was used as a new modern heat-generating agent for local local heating of special forces personnel items.

Shoe insoles with a conductive layer are able to heat up and thus heat the internal volume of the shoe (foot) to a comfortable temperature (30-50 ° C) when powered from any, including autonomous current sources, in particular from any car battery, as well as from a portable battery with a voltage of 12-15 V DC. Taking into account the consumed power, the electric capacity of a portable current source for 8-10 hours of operation without recharging should not exceed a value of about 3 A · h (its mass should not be more than 350 g and is determined by the electrochemical system of the autonomous power source itself).

Table.
Technical characteristics of the device. Insole with fuel element: The temperature of the outer surface of the heated insoles (with a supply voltage of 12 V), ° С up to 50 The thickness of the polymer fuel element, mm -0.5 Power of one fuel element, W up to 3.0 Dimensions of the laminated fuel element, mm 200 × 30 Insole weight with fuel element, g no more than 35 Power Source (Battery Type): Voltage 12-15 Working time with one insole, h not less than 8 Overall dimensions of the power source, mm 82 × 51 × 30 Weight of wearable power source per insole, g no more than 350 Charger (with voltmeter): Charger power supply voltage (power supply from household power supply network), V 220 Charger output voltage, V not less than 13.2 The value of the charging electric current, mA up to 180 Overall dimensions of the charger, mm 164 × 77 × 45 Charger Weight, g 990 Voltmeter measurement limits, V from 0 to 15

It is possible to use shoe insoles for shoes of any standard and non-standard style, which should be equipped with special low-power electrically conductive flat flexible thin electrically heated polymer heating elements. These elements can be glued together with insoles in shoes, embedded with insoles, being inside them, sewn or glued to them, etc.

There are many different design options for placing and securing fuel elements inside the insoles of shoes.

The total time of continuous heating of shoe insoles is determined by the electric capacity of the current source used. For example, a current source having an electric capacity of 2 Ah, at a discharge current of 200 mA, is able to heat the legs (generate heat) continuously for 7-8 or more hours.

Actually, the total time of use of heaters can be increased. If there is no need for continuous heating of the legs, then you can turn the heating on and off periodically, according to your own feelings, and thereby save electricity from an autonomous current source. When performing intense physical effort or when jumping and running, in order to remove excess load from the legs, it is advisable to disconnect the power source, remove it from the boot pocket or belt and put it in the pocket of the jacket or in the duffel bag.

With the above electrical parameters of the energy sources and the consumed electric current, the heating of the insoles embedded in shoes can reach a temperature of 35-50 ° C. It is advisable, in some cases, the use of specially heated insoles for shoes, for example, on long trips in car bodies or in any specially not heated cabins of other vehicles. At the same time, the problems with the electric capacity of current sources are greatly simplified, since energy-consuming automobile batteries (with running generators) can always be used as a current source, and in this case there is no need to think about energy savings during generator operation.

The electrical connection of fuel elements placed in shoes to an electric source located, for example, on a waist belt or mounted in the boot of a boot or boot, the switching of two heaters for the purpose of connecting them in parallel or in series to a current source is carried out using thin electrical conductors with special terminals and does not present technical difficulties.

When using heated insoles in rooms (if necessary), there is no need to use autonomous power sources for heating, since it is quite acceptable and advisable to use various kinds of DC and AC chargers, widely used in everyday life. The electrical parameters of these universal devices such as "ADAPTOR" are quite acceptable for heating insoles. They are reliable, small-sized and suitable for all their electrical parameters; they are powered by 220 V AC, i.e. from the city electric network.

Given the use of low electrical voltage in all versions of the potential use of fuel insoles for shoes, they are naturally completely electrically safe for a person.

Charging the power source 3 (figure 3) is carried out using the charger 8. To do this, you must connect the charger to an AC network (outlet) with a frequency of 50 Hz. Connect the lugs (7) on the power source (3) and the charger (8) to each other. Turn the power switch to the ON position. If the power source is connected to the charger correctly, the indicator lamp on the charger body will light up. The power source is charged for 1-15 hours, depending on the degree of discharge of the power source. Monitoring the completeness of charging the power source is checked with voltmeter 9. For this, the voltmeter is connected to the power source and the switch on the power source is turned to the ON position. A fully charged power source must have a voltage (in the absence of load) of at least 12 V (figure 4).

When operating shoes with a device in case of malfunction of the insoles for heating shoes, it is necessary to check the voltage of the power source using a voltmeter, connecting the tips on the power source and the voltmeter between themselves. If the voltmeter is below 12 V, then the power source must be charged. To do this, open the valve of pocket 2 and turn the switch to the OFF position, remove the power source from the pocket and disconnect the lugs (8). Then connect to the charger (8) and charge (Fig.3). The frequency of charging the power source (3) depends on the degree of discharge of the power source and the time it takes the personnel to complete the task. If it is planned that the personnel will complete the task with a working device for more than 5 hours, then the power supply (3) must be fully charged. When performing tasks with a duration of more than 10 hours, it is advisable to take a second set of charged power sources.

The power source should be placed in a pocket (when placing it on the boot shaft) quite tightly, without excess play. The height of the outer wall of the pocket should be 1 cm below the depth of the power source, like a cigarette pack so that it can be easily removed from it for charging.

To install the device, it is necessary to insert an insole with a fuel element 4 in the boot 1 with the dark side with the holes up (figure 2). Pass thin electric wires (6) with a special tip (7) through the hole with a diameter of 1.0 cm, made from the inside of the boot into pocket 2 so that the lower edge of the hole is 0.5 cm higher from the bottom seam of the pocket. Position the wires (6) from the insole (4) inside the boot so that they do not interfere with walking, and stick them with tape to the inside of the boot. Connect the lugs (7) on the wires from the insole and the power source to each other. Place power supply 3 in pocket 2 so that the switch is at the top. Turn the switch to the ON position. And tightly close the pocket with a valve. To save heat from the power source, if there is no need for continuous heating of the legs, the power source (3) can be turned on and off periodically.

Connecting contacts to the insole.

At the edges of a duplicated polyimide film 0.04-0.06 mm thick, consisting of two layers (PI 0.03-0.05 mm thick + a carbon black containing polyimide layer 0.01 mm thick), copper (Cu) or nickel (galvanized) are applied Ni) busbars in the form of strips 4-5 mm wide, 0.008-0.01 mm thick. After that, at a distance of approximately 10 mm from the edge of the duplicated film, parallel copper wires are soldered to the busbars in a fluoroplastic (heat-resistant) insulation with a diameter of 1-1.5 mm. 2 strips 5 mm wide and 10 mm long are cut out of nickel foil 0.1 mm thick, one of the sides of the strips is tin-plated for strong contact of the strip with the bus at the place of soldering wires. The strips are bent in half so that the tinned side is inside the formed bracket. On the opposite side of the duplicated polyimide film parallel to the place of soldering the wires, a strip of polyimide adhesive tape with an adhesive layer (based on organosilicon resin) is glued to the tires to prevent the electric circuit of the insole from being closed. Then the contact point of the wires and busbars is crimped with brackets and pressed from above with a heated soldering iron, thereby soldering the nickel strip, wire and busbar together, resulting in a strong connection between the wires and the duplicated polyimide film.

Claims (5)

1. Heated shoes containing a device for heating the foot, including a multilayer insole with an electric heating element provided with contacts, a small-sized power supply and a current path connected to the contacts, characterized in that the insole is made of nine layers arranged in the following sequence from the bottom up: the first layer from heat-insulating nonwoven fabric based on lavsan, the second layer is from a laminate film from lavsan, the third layer is from a polyimide film, the fourth is a black-filled layer, the fifth layer from t busbars of copper or nickel, the sixth layer of fluoroplast-26, obtained from solutions in acetone, ethyl acetate and cyclohexanone, taken in a ratio of 1: 1: 1 by volume, the seventh layer from aluminum metallized lavsan, the eighth layer from a laminate film from lavsan, the ninth layer is made of heat-conducting nonwoven fabric based on lavsan, while the electric heating element is formed by the third and fourth layers, and the power source is equipped with a switch. 2. Shoes according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the first layer is 2-5 mm, the second is 0.1-0.3 mm, the third is 0.03-0.05 mm, the fourth is 0.01 mm, the fifth - 0.008-0.01 mm, the sixth - 0.003-0.005 mm, the seventh - 0.03-0.04 mm, the eighth - 0.2 mm, the ninth - 1-2 mm. 3. Shoes according to claim 1, characterized in that the small-sized power source is mounted in the shaft. 4. Shoes according to claim 1, characterized in that the small-sized power source is mounted in the heel. 5. Shoes according to claim 1, characterized in that the small-sized power source is located outside the shoe, for example on a waist belt.

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