RU192561U1 - HEATING GLOVES - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to gloves that can reliably protect the hands of its wearer in the maximum possible temperature conditions, including at very low temperatures and in high wind modes, and can also be used to heat the hands of personnel of special forces and services on duty or working outdoors at low ambient temperatures, as well as for builders, gas workers and oil workers working in the cold season. Heating gloves contain an electric heater The elements connected to the power supply through the switching system and installed inside the multilayer tissue in the area of the back of the distal phalanges of the fingers, metacarpus and wrist joint are made in the form of multilayer electrically heated mats made of dacron threads with resistive silver sputtering, the reflective layer is made of aluminum films by vacuum deposition. To increase the efficiency of the heating elements, the heated mats included as a switching element a photoplethysmographic sensor mounted on the inner surface of the glove and the outer surface of the multilayer electrically heated mat in the region of the distal phalanx of the middle finger of the glove.

Description

The utility model relates to gloves that can reliably protect the hands of its wearer in the maximum possible temperature conditions, including at very low temperatures and in strong wind conditions, and can also be used to heat the hands of personnel of special forces and services on duty or working outdoors at low ambient temperatures, as well as for builders, gas workers and oil workers working in the cold season.

The special conditions for serving personnel by special forces, especially in the winter cold season, impose stringent requirements on clothes, shoes, and on the whole equipment of personnel, primarily to ensure the necessary temperature conditions. It is especially important to ensure the preservation of heat in the area of the hands using heated systems with low weight and volume. For these purposes, various heat generation systems based on chemical, physico-chemical, electrical, mechanical and radiation methods are used.

A two-component system is known (patent RU 2489949, IPC A41D 19/00, published 08/20/2013), including a glove, in particular a sports glove having a finger part containing individual fingers and a mitt-shaped part attached to the back of the glove and made with the ability to pull over the finger part, having the shape of a mittens, in the initial position, placed in a pocket formed on the back of the glove, and the pocket is made on the specified side with the ability to be locked with a locking mechanism, on the back on the side of the glove, a covering means is provided for the locking mechanism, and the mitt-shaped part on the inside of the glove reaches approximately to the base of the fingers and is fixed at its end located at the base of the fingers on the inside of the glove.

This technical solution does not assume the possibility of working from small-sized power sources, which reduces the operational properties of the system.

Known gloves with heating (patent RU No. 72823, IPC 41D 19/00, published May 10, 2008) containing electric heating elements connected to the power source through a switching system and installed inside the area of the back of the fingers. The heating element of the index finger is located on the side of its bend, and the compartment for the index finger has a longitudinal incision with a detachable connection covering it. The electric heating elements are made in the form of flexible carbon fiber materials and are interconnected in parallel, and the power source is located in a special container formed on the outside on the back of the glove. In this case, the power source of the heating elements are plate-type electric batteries based on fluorocarbon-lithium-non-aqueous electrolyte, collected in a package of at least two pieces, and connected through a connector. A thermal relay is used as a switching element.

The disadvantage of this device is the exposure of the heating elements to mechanical damage during intensive operation and their fire hazard. The device does not provide uniform heating of the hands, and has low performance properties.

Heating gloves were selected as a prototype (patent RU No. 152780, IPC 41D 19/00, published on 06/20/2015), containing gloves connected to a power source through a switching system and installed inside a multilayer tissue in the area of the back of the distal phalanx of the fingers, metacarpus and covering the wrist joint electric heating elements, electric heating elements are made in the form of multilayer electrically heated mats made of dacron yarns with resistive silver sputtering to increase efficiency and the operation of the heating elements, the heated mats include a reflective layer made of aluminum film by vacuum deposition.

The disadvantage of this device is the inability to control the uniformity of heating of the hands, and has low performance properties.

The known devices and the claimed utility model have the following essential features:

- performed function - heating using heating elements;

- the disadvantage of all known devices is low performance, the lack of an adaptive control system for the heating device of the fingers.

The technical task of this utility model was to provide adaptive regulation of the heating of fingers and hands with high performance properties, such as hygiene, moisture resistance, heat resistance, strength, flexibility, designed to eliminate the aforementioned disadvantages of the analogue.

The objective of the utility model is to create a device with an electric heating element made of dacron threads with resistive silver sputtering and located in a multilayer fabric consisting of layers: outer fabric, gasket and inner fabric, which provides adaptive adjustment of the heating element in a given temperature range over a long operating time .

The technical result of this utility model was the creation of a device for heating fingers and hands and maintaining the temperature inside the glove at a level higher than the temperature of the external environment, increasing operational properties.

Heating gloves containing electric heating elements connected to a power source through a switching system and installed inside a multilayer fabric in the area of the back of the distal phalanges of the fingers, metacarpus and wrist joint, made in the form of multilayer electrically heated mats made of resistive silver plated yarns, reflecting a layer made of aluminum film by vacuum deposition, to increase the efficiency of the heating elements The composition of the heated mats includes a photoplethysmographic sensor mounted on the inner surface of the glove and the outer surface of the multilayer electrically heated mat in the region of the distal phalanx of the middle finger of the glove as a switching element.

Using a photoplethysmographic sensor, a signal reflecting the pulsating change in the volume of tissues of the phalanx of the fingers adjacent to the sensor is non-invasively recorded on the distal phalanx of the middle finger, mainly due to the pulse change in the volume of arterial blood flowing into this tissue, i.e. there is an assessment of patency of the human peripheral vessels, which gives a quick and accurate assessment of the local capillary blood flow of the phalanx of the fingers, thereby ensuring the adaptive operation of electric heating elements.

The use of the photoplethysmographic sensor is based on the use of the optical properties of blood. With "through" plethysmography, a miniature light source is attached to the nail region of the first phalanx of the finger. A photosensitive device is placed on the opposite side of the finger, at its base. Light passing through the finger changes its intensity depending on the amount of blood in the finger. Such a system can only be applied to relatively thin parts of the body, such as the finger or earlobe.

The photoplethysmographic sensor contains a light source and a photodetector. The source is an LED, and the receiver is a phototransistor or photodiode. The light emitted by the source is absorbed by the human body. The degree of absorption depends on the amount of blood at that point in the body where the sensor is located. When the amount of blood changes, the absorption of light and the signal at the output of the photodetector change. In relation to each other, the source and receiver are located on opposite surfaces of the distal phalanx of the fingers, but in the same plane.

The photoplethysmographic sensor is mounted on the distal phalanx of the middle finger of the glove and when the intensity of light absorption changes depending on the amount of blood in the finger, i.e. from the degree of freezing of the fingers, provides a signal to turn on / off the heating elements for heating the phalanx of the fingers, which protects the hands from the cold in adverse conditions, depending on the temperature of the hands cooling. Thus, adaptive control of the glove warming temperature takes place, depending on the ambient temperature, which significantly reduces the energy costs for heating the phalanx of the fingers, metacarpus and wrist joint to a predetermined temperature and allows you to maximize the thermal energy of electric heaters for heating, thereby ensuring the comfort of the hands person.

To regulate the heating of the glove heating the heating elements can be connected stepwise and in groups, depending on the ambient temperature, which significantly reduces the energy cost of heating the phalanx of the fingers, metacarpus and wrist joint to a predetermined temperature and allows maximum use of the thermal energy of electric heaters for heating.

Therefore, the claimed utility model meets the requirements of novelty.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in the drawing of FIG. one.

Heating gloves contain heating elements (Fig. 1) located inside the multilayer tissue in the region of the back of the distal phalanges of the fingers, metacarpus and wrist joint. The heating elements are made in the form of multilayer electrically heated mats, including a mat for heating the phalanx of fingers 1, a mat for heating the metacarpus 2 and a mat for heating of the wrist 3. The mat for heating the phalanx of fingers 1 and the mat for heating of the metacarpus 2 are located on the back of the signet, and the mat for heating the wrist 3 covers the back and the inside of the glove. An additional tightening element 4 is located on the wrist, preferably a flap valve, on the inside of which there is a Velcro Velcro. The Velcro mating element is located on the gait, as a result of which it is possible to grip the arm of the gait more tightly. On an additional tightening element 4 there is a presence (pressure) sensor 5 (shown conditionally), which enables the inclusion and operation of the device for heating the hand only when the glove is worn and tightly covering the hand.

Heating gloves are made of waterproof fabrics, a layer of heat-saving cotton and a reflective layer. The presence of a reflective layer made of aluminum film by the vacuum deposition method allows the use of infrared heating, which helps to avoid electromagnetic radiation and has a positive bracing effect on the hands, its main properties are softness, heating speed, resistance to wear, etc.

Heating elements made in the form of multilayer electrically heated mats 1, 2, 3 connected in parallel and connected to the power supply 6 using a current lead laid in the fabric channels of the gloves (not shown in Fig.), Connecting the heated mats 1, 2, 3 with a power source 6 (lithium-ion polymer battery), electronic components (not shown in FIG.), a presence (pressure) sensor 5, which ensures the functioning of the device for heating the hand only when it (the hand) is in the glove, a photoplethysmographic sensor 7 is mounted on the distal phalanx of the middle finger of the glove (conventionally shown), containing a light source 8 and a photodetector 9, designed to turn on the heating elements when the regional blood flow is disturbed, corresponding to a temperature below 28 ° C and turn off the heating elements when the blood flow increases at a temperature of 34 ° C.

The use of the photoplethysmographic sensor 7 together allows for adaptive control of the set temperature in the heated glove, depending on the individual characteristics of the person.

Since the photoplethysmographic sensor 7 actually detects peripheral blood circulation, a prerequisite is the installation of a photoplethysmographic sensor 7 on the distal phalanges of the fingers. It is usually mounted on the distal phalanx of the free finger.

The inventive device for heating hands can be made in the form of an integral product.

The device for heating the hands is powered by a built-in lithium-ion polymer battery 6, which is pre-charged using a charger from the 220 V network (not shown in Fig. 1). After turning on, the heating glove does not work continuously, but only if necessary - this is important for proper blood circulation in the hands. The algorithm of the heating glove is as follows: the photoplethysmographic sensor 7 (shown conventionally) mounted in the electronic components of the first inner layer of the heated mat 1, mounted on the distal phalanx of the middle finger of the glove, activates the heating system when the temperature of the hands decreases to 28 ° C and turns off the heating when the temperature reaches 34 ° C, then the heated mats 1, 2, 3 gradually cool down and give their heat to the phalanges of the fingers, metacarpus and wrist; if the temperature drops to 28 ° C, the heating cycle is repeated. This ensures comfortable and healthy temperature conditions for the hands, and also extends the operating time of the lithium-ion polymer battery 6. Heating is carried out in the back area of the distal phalanges of the fingers, metacarpus, and the wrist joint of the fingers is heated from the back and inside, which are usually freeze. To turn on the heating glove device, you need to put on gloves to fasten the tightening element 4, on which the presence (pressure) sensor 5 is located, which ensures the inclusion (functioning) of the device for heating the hands only with the glove on and tightly covering the hand, which will ensure the operation of the heating glove. When unfastening the tightening element 4, the heating glove is automatically turned off.

The heating gloves are made according to the accepted standards of standard sizes of gloves. All the technical components that ensure the operation of the heating glove are securely covered with protective insulating layers, so using the device to heat the hand is absolutely safe.

The time of continuous operation of the heating gloves without recharging is from 2 to 8 hours - it depends on the external temperature and thermal conductivity of the glove material. The heating gloves use high-quality 900 mAh lithium-ion polymer batteries without a memory effect, which cannot be damaged by frequent charging and are designed for approximately 500 charge / discharge cycles.

The heating gloves can heat up and thus heat the internal volume of the glove to a comfortable temperature (30-40 ° C) when powered not only by the built-in lithium-ion polymer battery, but also from any, including autonomous current sources, in particular from any car battery, as well as from a portable battery with a voltage of 12-15 V DC. It is advisable, in some cases, the use of heating gloves, for example, on long trips in car bodies or in any specially not heated cabins of other vehicles. At the same time, the problems with the electric capacity of current sources are greatly simplified, since energy-consuming automobile batteries (with running generators) can always be used as a current source, and in this case there is no need to think about energy savings during generator operation.

When using gloves heating in unheated rooms (if necessary), there is no need to use autonomous power sources for heating, since it is quite acceptable and advisable to use various types of DC and AC chargers that are widely used in everyday life. The electrical parameters of these universal devices such as "ADAPTOR" are quite acceptable for the operation of heating gloves. They are reliable, small-sized and suitable for all their electrical parameters; they are powered by 220 V AC, i.e. from the city electric network.

The total continuous operation time of the heating gloves is determined by the electric capacity of the current source used. For example, a current source having an electric capacity of 2 Ah, at a discharge current of 200 mA, is able to heat the hands (generate heat) continuously for 7-8 or more hours.

There are many different design options for placing and securing fuel elements inside the heating gloves.

The combination of high temperature resistance of Dacron filaments with resistive silver sputtering, coaxially placed on the upper plane of the heated layer of the heating glove and low electrical conductivity of the reflective layer, coupled directly with the material of the insulating layer, for example, by applying a metal foil to the insulating layer by vacuum evaporation allows the use of a flexible, durable wire, made of dacron yarns with resistive silver plating. The temperature of heating of lavsan filaments with a resistive deposition of silver depends on the density of the current flowing through a conductive layer of lavsan filaments with a resistive deposition of silver, which is directly related to the magnitude of the electric voltage supplied to specially formed current-carrying tires, previously applied to the second layer of heating gloves - a layer with placed heated mats 1, 2, 3.

The use of the photoplethysmographic sensor 7 for monitoring peripheral blood flow is technically ensured by the advent of a new electronics electronics base. This is, first of all, the production of low-cost emitting red and infrared LEDs and sensitive photodetectors. The radiation power of the developed LEDs turned out to be sufficient for recording a photoplethysmographic signal with a high signal to noise ratio in the entire range of optical density of tissues, both, for example, through the nail phalanx of the finger of the hand, and recording the reflected radiation.

The technical and economic efficiency of heating gloves lies in the fact that the use of a photoplethysmographic sensor allows for adaptive control of the heating of human hands at low temperatures and, accordingly, to increase the efficiency of heat transfer from heating elements.

Effect: quick and reliable heating of the glove, heating of the hands to a predetermined temperature, as well as a more complete and efficient use of the heat released by the heating elements, the efficiency is increased, which allows the maximum use of the thermal energy of electric heaters to heat the hands.

Claims (1)

Heating gloves containing electric heating elements connected to a power source through a switching system and installed inside a multilayer fabric in the area of the back of the distal phalanges of the fingers, metacarpus and wrist joint, made in the form of multilayer electrically heated mats made of resistive silver plated yarns, reflecting the layer is made of aluminum film by the method of vacuum deposition, characterized in that to increase the efficiency of the work successive elements of the heated mat is included as a switching element photoplethysmographic sensor mounted on the inner surface of the glove and the outer surface of the laminated mat in the electrically heated region of the distal phalanx of the middle finger of the glove.

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