RU2332003C1 - Universal device for cutting rolls and block extraction of forage with loading into cutters - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: device consists of the frame with the horizontal fork and the U-shape frame driven by two hydro cylinders. The nibs of a fork are located inside plugs and can be moved lengthwise with change of their working length when switching from block forage extraction to cutting the rolls and backward. The U-shape frame is fixed on the vertical supports and has frontal and side walls equipped with cutting elements. A gripping tool is fixed pivotally on the frame to prevent the roll from falling apart.

EFFECT: enlarged functional cap abilities of device.

8 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to agriculture, namely to universal devices for cutting rolls and block feed extraction with loading into choppers.

State of the art

A device is known for cutting and loading silage and silage. It contains a frame with horizontal forks, a U-shaped knife, consisting of front and two side cutting elements rigidly connected to each other. Knife drive - from two hydraulic cylinders. The central tooth of the pitchfork is fixed rigidly, and the remaining teeth are installed in the longitudinal grooves of the horizontal beam with the possibility of moving along the grooves using the links of the lever-articulated mechanism, the central links of which are pivotally mounted on the fingers of the uprights. The latter are placed in slanted rails mounted on the plate and interconnected by a tightening screw. The threaded parts of the screw are made one with the right, the other with the left thread and are located in the holes of the uprights. The central axis of the links is placed in the vertical groove of the plate with the possibility of moving up and down. The knife is made integral with two-chamfer teeth, the cutting edges of which are located in the same plane (see US Pat. RF No. 2175184, class A01F 25/20).

The disadvantage of this device: the presence of a tooth with only two cutting edges that are constantly involved in the cutting process, leads to their rapid dullness and wear. This causes additional costs for frequent sharpening of the cutting edges and reduces the resource of the knife.

A device for cutting hay bales is known. It contains a frame, on the lower beam of which the teeth are horizontally located. A frontal knife is fixed on two side racks, the knife has eyes, in which double-acting hydraulic cylinders are articulated. For mounting on a loader or on the rear linkage of the tractor, the frame is equipped with brackets (see http://www.mammut.at/start.htm, MAMMUT company).

The disadvantage of this device is the narrow scope, the use only for cutting rolls of haylage without its subsequent loading and the inability to use for the extraction of food from the shoulder and trench.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved positive effect and adopted by the authors for the prototype is a device for cutting and loading the silo. It consists of a frame, on the lower beam of which the teeth are horizontally fixed, on the vertical posts of the U-shaped frame. The frame is formed by rigidly connected frontal wall and two sidewalls. The frame has eyes in which double-acting hydraulic cylinders are pivotally mounted and the axis of rotation is located. For mounting to the loader, the frame is equipped with brackets. The front knife and side knives are fixed on the front wall and sides with screws. The knives are made integral and contain a supporting inner plate and an outer plate on which the cutting elements are fixed. The plates are made nests. The cutting elements are made in the form of regular tetrahedral truncated pyramids, the side faces of which have the same slope as the walls of the nests. The interconnected carrier plates are attached to the front wall with screws. The screws are staggered. The tail part of the sidewall is provided with a cutting edge formed by chamfers (see US Pat. RF No. 2224409, class A01F 25/20).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the narrow scope, high material consumption, use only for loading feed from the array, but not individual rolls, the complexity of the design.

Disclosure of invention

The objective of the invention is to expand the technological capabilities of the device by combining the ability to capture and cut the roll of haylage, followed by loading into the chopper and block excavation of feed (silo) from the storage with loading into the chopper of feed, reducing the cost of preparing the feed by reducing equipment units.

The technical result that can be obtained using the proposed invention is to expand the technological capabilities, reduce the cost of preparing the feed.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a universal device for cutting rolls and block feed dredging with loading into grinders contains a frame with horizontal forks, the teeth of which are installed in the bushings, a U-shaped frame consisting of front and two side cutting elements rigidly connected to each other. The drive of the U-shaped frame is carried out from two double-acting hydraulic cylinders. At the same time, a grip is pivotally fixed to the frame to hold the roll when it is cut and loaded, and the pitchfork teeth are installed in the bushings with the possibility of providing longitudinal movement of the teeth and changing their working length when switching from block recess of feed to cutting the roll and vice versa.

The expansion of technological capabilities is ensured by the fact that when cutting the silage roll, the cylindrical teeth of the horizontal forks of the device are advanced forward in the direction of tractor movement by a length of 1200 mm and are fixed with cotter pins. The front cutting element is involved in cutting the roll, and to prevent the roll from falling apart into two parts when cutting, a grip is installed on the device frame.

When block feed is removed from the storage, the working length of the horizontal forks decreases to 750 mm due to the movement of the teeth in the bushings, followed by fixing with cotter pins. In the process of cutting the feed array, a front cutting element and side cutting elements are involved, while the gripper is fixed in the highest position and does not participate in the work.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 presents a front view.

Figure 2 shows a view from the side.

On figa, 3b and 3c shows a diagram of the operation of the device when cutting the roll.

On figa, 4b and 4c shows a diagram of the operation of the device during block excavation from storage with loading in shredders.

The implementation of the invention

A universal device for cutting rolls and block feed extraction with loading into the grinders consists of a frame 1 (see figure 1), horizontal forks 3 are installed on the lower horizontal beam 2 (see figure 1, 2) (see figure 1) consisting of cylindrical teeth 4 (see figure 2), which are placed in the bushings 5 (see figure 2) and are fixed with cotter pins 6 (see figure 2). On the uprights 7 a U-shaped frame 8 is fixed (see FIG. 2), consisting of a front wall 9 (see FIG. 1) and two sidewalls 10 (see FIG. 2). The U-shaped frame 8 has eyes 11 and 12 (see figure 1), in which the hydraulic cylinders 13 and 14 of double-acting action are pivotally mounted (see figure 1, 2). On the front wall 9 and sidewalls 10 with the help of screws 15 (see Fig. 1, 2,) a front cutting element 16 (see Fig. 1) and two side cutting elements 17 (see Fig. 1, 2) are fixed. To attach to the loader, the device is equipped with brackets 18 (see figure 2). To prevent the collapse of the roll 19 (see Fig. 1) when cutting (not shown in Fig.), A grip 20 is mounted on the frame 1 (see Fig. 2), which is pivotally mounted to an arm 21 mounted on the stand 22. Grip 20 is driven by a hydraulic cylinder 23, pivotally mounted on a rack 24 (see figure 2).

A universal device for cutting rolls and block dredging with loading into the chopper works as follows.

Cutting rolls of hay and haylage (see figure 3).

The worker attaches the universal device to the loader (not shown in FIG.) With brackets 18. When cutting hay and hay bales, the worker adjusts the horizontal forks 3, changes the length of the cylindrical teeth 4 and fixes with cotter pins 6 (see figure 2). In the extreme, extended position, the length of the teeth 4 is 1200 mm (not shown in FIG.). With the pressure of the tractor, horizontal forks 3 (see FIG. 2) are introduced into the lower part of the roll 19 (see FIG. 3a) without damaging the packaging film of the adjacent rolls. The worker includes a tractor hydraulic system (not shown in FIG.) And a hydraulic cylinder 23 (see FIG. 1), which drives the gripper 20 (see FIG. 1). The capture 20 holds the roll 19 (see figa), which is lowered to the aft platform until it touches the lower horizontal beam 2 (see fig.3b). Turn on the hydraulic cylinders 13 and 14, which drive the U-shaped frame 8 (see figure 2). The front cutting element 16 (see Fig. 1) of the U-shaped frame 8 (see Fig. 2) moves along an arc, goes deep into a roll 19 and cuts into two parts (see Fig. 3b). In the process of cutting the roll, the front cutting element 16 is involved (see Fig. 1), and the side cutting elements 17 (see Figs. 1, 2) are not involved (not shown in Fig.). The gripper 20 is lifted by the hydraulic cylinder 23 (see FIG. 3b) and the worker removes the packaging film and the binding twine (not shown in FIG.). Then, the cut roll 19 is fixed by a gripper 20 (see Fig. 3b), is lifted and loaded into the grinder (see Fig. 3c).

Block feed extraction from the storage (see figure 4)

Before the block recess of feed from the storage, the worker adjusts the horizontal forks 3, changes the length of the cylindrical teeth 4 and fixes with cotter pins 6 (see figure 2). In the extreme, extended position, the length of the teeth 4 is 1200 mm (not shown). The worker pushes the teeth 4 along the sleeve 5 and fixes with cotter pins 6 (see figure 2) in the position when the tooth length is 750 mm (not shown). The grip 20 and the U-shaped frame 8 are fixed in the upper position (see figa). With the pressure of the tractor, horizontal forks 3 are introduced into the feed array (silage or silage), while (see figa) the hydraulic cylinders 13 and 14 are turned on, which drive the U-shaped frame 8. The knife 7, moving along the arc, goes deeper into the feed array and cuts a portion of feed from the array on three sides (see figb). In this case, the front cutting edge 16 (see Fig. 1) and the lateral cutting elements 17 cut the fodder array one level below the horizontal forks 3. Then, a portion of the feed with horizontal forks 3 comes off at the base, rises and immerses in the grinder (see Fig. 4c) )

The proposed universal device for cutting rolls and block feed extraction with loading into the choppers allows to minimize feed losses, eliminate its manual selection, increase the chopper productivity when chopping hay or hay bales.

The proposed design in comparison with the prototype and other well-known technical solutions has the following advantages:

- the versatility of the device for cutting rolls and block feed extraction with loading into shredders allows you to combine several technological operations in one technical tool, such as cutting silage bales, block feed extraction and loading various types of feed into the grinders;

- a significant reduction in energy intensity;

- reduction of feed losses;

- the exception of manual selection of feed;

- reduction in operating costs.

Claims (1)

A device for cutting rolls and block recesses of feed with loading into shredders, containing a frame with horizontal forks, a U-shaped frame, the drive of which is carried out from two hydraulic cylinders, characterized in that the grip is pivotally fixed to the frame to hold the roll when cutting and loading, teeth the forks are installed in the bushings with the possibility of ensuring longitudinal movement of the teeth and changes in their working length during the transition from the block recess of the feed to the cutting of the roll, and vice versa.

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