RU2331180C1 - Opener for wide-seeding of small seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: opener includes body frame and the tine. The bars are fixed rigidly to the body frame wall. The bars have 2/3 of the body frame height and have (8-10)d spacing, where d is the diameter of the seed. In the horizontal plane section the body frame represents a flattened cone. The body frame can be rotated at α=17°...42° angle in vertical plane. The throat is fixed rigidly to the body frame frustum.

EFFECT: simplification of the opener design and improvement of the small seeds wide-seeding uniformity.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to the openers of seeders.

Known containing the rack supporting runner and two cheeks with seals of the bottom of the furrow, which are located at different levels, while the supporting runner is located on the sides of the cheeks and has an outside on one of them a slot, and the second cheek is equipped with a blade with a passive a rotating disk, the latter being offset relative to the rear edge of the opposite cheek in the direction of travel, with the seal located lower in level between the cheeks and the other in front of the slot on the runner (ed. St. No. 1611246, A01C 7/20).

The disadvantages of this device are:

- not able to sow in a broadband way;

- cannot create uniform sowing of seeds across the width of the ridge;

- cannot be used for sowing small seeds (for example, carrot seeds).

The closest analogue to the claimed device includes a coulter comprising a housing and a seed tube, in which a cone-shaped seed distributor is mounted on a vertical leash, made in the form of a sealed chamber of plastic material with a bottom in the form of a cone directed upward, and the leash is made in the form of an air supply tube. The air supply tube is equipped with a plug, and rigid rods are placed in the walls of the chamber along the generatrices of the cone (ed. St. No. 1542450, А01С 7/20).

The disadvantages of this device are:

1. The complexity of the design of the proposed opener reduces its reliability;

2. Seeds descending along the cone from the front and rear planes along the planter are superimposed on each other and thereby the uniformity of sowing of seeds along the working width is worsened;

3. For this coulter to work, it is necessary to supply gas or liquid under pressure, which also complicates the design of the seeder and requires the installation of a source of excess pressure of the liquid or gas. The purpose of the invention is to simplify the design of the coulter and increase the uniformity of the broadband sowing of small seeds.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the opener for broadband sowing of small seeds includes a casing and a rack, while on the lower wall of the casing rods with a height of not more than 2/3 of the casing height and at a distance from each other (8-10) d are rigidly fixed, where d is the diameter of the sown seed.

The body in the horizontal plane of the cross section is a truncated cone and mounted with the possibility of rotation in the vertical plane at an angle α = 17 ° ... 42 °, while the neck is rigidly fixed on the upper truncated part of the body.

New significant features:

1. On the bottom wall of the housing, rods with a height of not more than 2/3 of the height of the housing are rigidly fixed.

2. The rods are located from each other at a distance of (8-10) d, where d is the diameter of the sown seed.

3. The body in the horizontal plane of the cross section is a truncated cone.

4. The body is mounted with the possibility of rotation in a vertical plane at an angle α = 17 ° ... 42 ° relative to the horizontal line for sowing various crops depending on the natural angle of seed rolling.

5. On the upper truncated part of the body the neck is rigidly fixed.

The above new essential features, together with the known ones, are necessary and sufficient to achieve a technical result in all cases to which the requested amount of legal protection applies.

Technical result

Rigid fastening on the bottom wall of the casing rods to a height of not more than 2/3 of the height of the casing allows you to evenly distribute the seeds across the entire width of the conical plane and, as a result, the uniform distribution of seeds across the entire width of the coulter.

Height 2/3 - allows to exclude clogging of the case with seeds during their passage.

Setting the rods at a distance from each other (8-10) d, where d is the diameter of the sown seed, allows the seeds to pass freely between the rods, excluding clogging.

The body in the horizontal plane has the appearance of a truncated cone, which allows to increase the width of the sowing strip when it is uniform. The position of the housing relative to the horizontal line can be changed from 17 to 42 °, which allows the sowing of seeds of various crops, depending on the angle of natural rolling of the seeds. Depending on the type of seed, the coulter is calibrated. With the spherical shape of the seeds, the angle α = 17 ° is selected, and when sowing seeds of a flat and complex configuration, a larger angle is selected depending on the ability of this type of seeds to move along the working plane of the casing.

Installing the neck at the inlet of the housing in its upper truncated part allows you to feed the seeds at the entrance to the working area of the housing with rods located on it. Seeds, hitting the rods, are distributed evenly over the conical surface.

The listed features make it possible, with a simple design, to increase the uniformity of small seeds sown with a large seeding width.

Figure 1 schematically shows a coulter in a vertical section, allowing you to set it at the required angle relative to the horizontal line.

Figure 2. The opener section along the body with the rods.

Figure 3. General view of the opener.

The coulter contains a rack 1, pivotally connected 2 to the housing 3, the horizontal section of which is a truncated cone, mounted with the possibility of rotation in the vertical plane at an angle from 17 ° to 42 ° relative to the horizontal plane. The neck 4 is rigidly connected to the casing 3. On the lower wall of the casing 3, rods 5 are fixed rigidly with a height of not more than 2/3 of the height of the casing 3. The rods 5 are installed at a distance from each other at (8-10) d, where d is the diameter of the sown seed.

The coulter works as follows. Depending on the type of small seeds (flat or complex configuration), rotate the housing 3 by a predetermined angle α, which will allow the seeds to move by gravity from the entrance of the housing to its output and rigidly fix the housing 3 relative to the rack 1. Seeds through the vas deferens (not shown) and through the neck 4 fall into the housing 3, located at a certain angle depending on the type of seeds, where hitting the rods 5 are evenly distributed along the conical guides of the housing 3 to the working width.

Claims (2)

1. The opener for broadband sowing of small seeds, comprising a casing and a rack, characterized in that on the lower wall of the casing rods with a height of not more than 2/3 of the casing height and at a distance from each other (8-10) d, where d is the diameter sown seed. 2. The opener for broadband sowing of small seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that the casing in the horizontal plane of the section is a truncated cone and mounted with the possibility of rotation in the vertical plane at an angle α = 17 ° ... 42 °, while on the top the truncated part of the body is rigidly fixed neck.

Images