RU2330916C1 - Drainage-water well - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention pertains to devices for suction of ground water and can be used in construction of vertical drainage. The well consists of a central drainage filtering column made in the form of a perforated tube, a filtering coating made on the outer surface of the column and capable of loosening granular material adjacent the column. The well is equipped with a protection pipe with filtration devices, located coaxially outside the column, and a drain fill from granular materials, located in the ring shaped space between the column and the protection pipe. On the outer surface of the column there are discrete layers and lengthwise rows of centering spigots along its height, made in the form of radial plates with length less than the thickness of the ring shaped space between the column and the protection pipe by a value sufficient for unimpeded immersion of the column into the well with the protection pipe already installed in it. The device for loosening the granular material outside the column consists of bars arranged along it, the lower end of which reaches the bottom of the well and the upper end of which comes out of the surface, with rippers fixed on them. In each sector of the ring shaped space between the column and the protection pipe, bounded by two adjacent rows of centering spigots along the height of the column, there is at least one bar.

EFFECT: invention increases the working life span of drainage water wells due to increased reliability and effectiveness of restoring its working capacity through provision for the possibility of loosening colmatage granular material adjacent the central drainage filtering column uniformly in the whole depth of the well.

12 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of hydraulic engineering, and in particular to devices for abstraction of groundwater, and can be used in the construction of vertical drainage.

One of the main reasons for reducing the drainage effect of drainage, partial or complete failure of it, is the siltation or clogging of protective filters, for example, sand and gravel.

A well-known vertical drainage well, including a filter column, consisting of a filter cage and a filter tube, a sand and gravel sprinkler and a pump and power unit, moreover, to prevent siltation and reduce operating costs, the well is equipped with drainage conduits installed in a sand and gravel sprinkler parallel to the main filter frame , the upper ends of which are muffled, and the lower communicated with the lower part of the filter frame (SU 1498887 A1, 08/07/1989).

The disadvantages of this well-known well are its increased material consumption, associated with the need to expand the sand and gravel sprinkling to install additional drainage pipes in it parallel to the main filter frame, and the inefficiency of the additional drainage pipes, as they are silted or clogged like the main filter frame , but for a shorter period of time due to their significantly smaller size compared to the main filter frame.

The closest analogue of the proposed drainage water well is a known drainage water well containing a central drainage filter column made in the form of a perforated pipe, a filter coating located on the outer surface of the central drainage filter column, and a device for loosening the external adjacent to the central drainage filter column bulk materials (SU 1661306 A1, 07/07/1991).

In this well-known well, the device for loosening the bulk materials adjacent to the central drainage filter column outside consists of a hose plugged from below made of elastic material, for example soft rubber, thin polyethylene, waterproof tarpaulin, and the like, and placed along a helix on brackets, attached externally to the central catchment filter column. The upper end of the hose through the borehole is brought to the surface of the earth and is open for connection with a compressor or pump.

The disadvantages of this known well are that the lower recessed part of the hose experiences significantly greater pressure from the bulk material surrounding the hose than the upper part of the hose, and in addition, the hose in the lower part can be pinched, as a result of which the medium expands into the hose and the hose will be compressed mainly in its upper part, which leads to uneven loosening of the depth of the well and ineffective loosening of the sealed loose granules adjacent to the central drainage filter column x materials and, as a result, a decrease in the level of restoration of the operability of a drainage and water well.

The objective of the present invention is to increase the life of a drainage and water well by increasing the reliability and efficiency of restoring its working capacity by providing the possibility of equal loosening of sealed bulk materials adjacent to the central catchment filter column throughout the entire depth of the well.

The solution of this problem is achieved by the proposed technical solution, namely, that a drainage and water well containing a central drainage filter column made in the form of a perforated pipe, a filter coating located on the outer surface of the central drainage filter column, and a device for loosening adjacent to the outside to the central the catchment filter column of bulk materials, according to the invention is equipped with a boundary pipe with filtration devices, is located coaxially outside the central drainage filter column, and with a filter bed of bulk materials placed in the annular gap between the central drainage filter column and the boundary pipe, and on the outer surface of the central drainage filter column, centering protrusions are arranged discretely in tiers and longitudinal rows along its height, made in in the form of radially arranged plates with a length shorter than the width of the annular gap between the central catchment filter column and enclose a pipe to a value sufficient for unimpeded immersion of the central drainage filter string into a well with an enclosing pipe already installed in it, while the device for loosening loose materials adjacent to the central drainage filter string outside consists of rods located along the central catchment filter string, with the lower end extending to the bottom of the well and the upper end facing the day surface, with rippers attached to them, and in each sector of the annular at least one such rod is located between the central drainage filter column and the boundary pipe, bounded by two adjacent longitudinal along the height of the central drainage filter columns rows of centering protrusions.

In particular cases of the implementation of this invention:

- the filtering device of the enclosing pipe and perforation in the central drainage filter column, as well as the filter coating on the outer surface of the central drainage filter column and cultivators on the rods, respectively, are made and located throughout the depth of the well;

- filtration devices of the enclosing vertical pipe and perforation in the central drainage filter column, as well as the filter coating on the outer surface of the central drainage filter column, can be respectively made and located along the depth of the well in its sections passing through the aquifers;

- rippers are fixed on separate sections of the rods from a level below the lower boundary of each aquifer to the level of its upper boundary;

- rippers are made in the form of ruffs strung on rods;

- rippers are made in the form of washers or plates strung on rods;

- rippers are made in the form of cones strung on rods, facing upward;

- the upper ends of the rods facing the day surface are made with the possibility of attaching to them a common vibrator or a lifting device or individual vibrators or lifting devices;

- the filtering device of the enclosing pipe is made in the form of perforation holes or through inserts of filter material in its annular wall;

- the perforations of the enclosing pipe are protected by an internal or external filter coating;

- filtering dust is made of sand and gravel;

- the filtering dust is made of artificial granular material, chemically resistant or inert to aggressive or mineralized groundwater.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a drainage and water well, a vertical section; figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1; figure 3 - drainage water well, connected by a fault with a mine.

The drainage and water intake well comprises a central drainage filter column 1 made in the form of a perforated pipe, a filter cover 2 located on the outer surface of the central drainage filter column 1, and a device for loosening loose materials adjacent to the central drainage filter column 1.

The drainage and intake well is provided with a containment pipe 3 with filtering devices 4 located coaxially outside the central drainage filter column 1, and a filter bed 5 of bulk materials located in the annular gap 6 between the central drainage filter column 1 and the containment pipe 3. As a containment pipe 3, the casing used for sinking the well may be left, subject to preliminary special manufacture of its or its links with filtration devices you 4 places spread over the depth of the well 7 aquifers or use specially made with filtration devices 4 in the right places enclosing tube 3 having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the casing is lowered into the wellbore after being removed from its casing.

On the outer surface of the central catchment filter column 1, centering protrusions 8 are arranged discretely in tiers and in longitudinal rows along its height, made in the form of radially arranged plates with a length shorter than the width of the annular gap 6 between the central catchment filter column 1 and the enclosing pipe 3 by an amount sufficient to unimpeded immersion of the central catchment filter column 1 into the well with the enclosing pipe 3 already installed in it. The device for loosening the adjacent shell and to the central catchment filter column 1, the bulk material consists of rods 9 located along the central catchment filter column 1, the lower end reaching the bottom of the well and the upper end facing the day surface 10, with rippers 11 fixed to them, and in each sector 12 of the annular gap 6 between the central drainage filter column 1 and the boundary pipe 3 bounded by two adjacent rows of centering protrusions 8 longitudinally longitudinal in height of the central drainage filter column 1, p zmeschen, at least one such rod 9.

If the well is entirely located in water-permeable and aquiferous soils, it is advisable that the filtering devices 4 of the enclosing pipe 3 and the perforation in the central drainage filter column 1, as well as the filter coating 2 on the outer surface of the central drainage filter column 1 and the cultivators 11 on the rods 9, respectively, be made and are located throughout the depth of the well.

If the well crosses several aquifers 7 separated by watertight layers, it is enough that the filtering devices 4 of the boundary pipe 3 and the perforation in the central catchment filter column 1, as well as the filter cover 2 on the outer surface of the central catchment filter column 1, respectively, are made and are located along the depth of the well in its sections passing through aquifers 7.

In the latter case, the rippers 11 can be fixed on separate sections of the rods 9 from a level below the lower boundary of each aquifer 7 to the level of its upper boundary.

Depending on the composition of the filtering dust 5 placed in the annular gap 6 between the central drainage filter column 1 and the boundary pipe 3, the rippers 11 can be made in the form of:

- 9 ruffs strung on rods;

- 9 washers or plates strung on rods;

- 9 cones strung on rods facing upward.

The upper ends of the rods 9 extending to the day surface 10 are expediently made with the possibility of attaching to them a common vibrator or hoisting device, or individual vibrators or hoisting devices (not shown in the drawings).

The filtering device 4 of the enclosing pipe 3 can be made in the form of perforation holes or through inserts of filter material in its annular wall (not shown in the drawings).

In this case, the perforation holes of the enclosing pipe 3 can be protected by an internal or external filter coating (not shown in the drawings).

In most cases, the filtering dust 5 is enough to perform from a sand-gravel mixture.

However, in some cases it will be necessary to filter the dusting 5 from artificial granular material, chemically resistant or inert to aggressive or mineralized groundwater.

This design of the drainage and water intake well can be effectively used after preliminary holding at the level of the design location of the bottom of the drainage and water well aside from the last mine 13, subsequently connected by the fault 14 to the drainage and water well.

Drainage water well is constructed as follows.

After mining 13 in the direction of it from the surface 10, a well is drilled. In the case of using a non-casing pipe with filtration devices 4 at the propagation depths of the aquifers 7 as a boundary pipe 3, but specially made with filtration devices 4 at the right places on the boundary pipe 3, the casing is removed from the well, leaving the latter at the wellhead casing link to protect the well from blockage. Then, the enclosing pipe 3 with an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the casing is specially made with filtration devices 4 in the right places. Mining 13 connect fault 14 with the well. After that, the central catchment filter column 1 is lowered into the well with the enclosing pipe 3 already installed in it and the centering protrusions 8 are discretely fixed in length and longitudinal rows along its height. Then, into each sector 12 of the annular gap 6 between the central catchment filter column 1 and the enclosure pipe 3 , bounded by two adjacent rows of centering protrusions 8, longitudinally longitudinal along the height of the central catchment filter column 1, lower at least one rod 9 with the loosening attached to it s 11. An annular gap 6 between the central catchment a filter column 1 and the enclosing tube 3 is filled with filter dusting 5 and removed from the wellhead latter protecting from the dam unit casing.

Drainage well works as follows.

Ground water from aquifers 7 through filtration devices 4 of the enclosing pipe 3 flows into the filtering spill 5 and from it through the filtering cover 2 enters the central drainage filter column 1. If there is a mine working 13 in the drainage system connected by a fault 14 to the well, water the central drainage filter column 1 flows down and, after a fault 14, is directed to the mine 13. If there is no mining hole 13 in the drainage system, the submersible filter is lowered into the central drainage filter column 1 pine unit or pump suction pipe located on the surface 10 (not shown) and evacuated in the central gathering catchment a filter 1 water column.

With a significant decrease in the flow rate of the drainage-water intake well, which indicates the clogging of the filtering dust 5, located in the annular gap 6 between the central drainage filter column 1 and the boundary pipe 3, a common vibrator or individual vibrators are attached to the upper ends of the rods 9 that exit onto the day surface. act on each rod 9, freeing it from strong contact with the bulk material of the filtering dust 5 and transmitting the vibration effect on the filtering dust 5, in As a result of which the colmatation bonds between the particles of the bulk material of the filtering dust 5 are destroyed, these particles are displaced, the loose material of the filtering dust 5 is loosened, the porosity and permeability of the filter dust 5 increases. After that, the filter dust 5 is washed.

Washing the filter dust 5 can be done in two ways. When washing the filtering dust 5 according to the first method, the well is preliminarily covered with a lid and water is supplied to it under pressure, for example, from a mine 13 through a fault 14 into the central drainage filter column 1. The pressure water supplied through the perforation holes of the central drainage filter column 1 enters the annular the gap 6 between it and the enclosing pipe 3 and finally frees the bulk material of the filtering dust 5 from the clogging substances and materials that I enclose through the filtering devices 4 water pipes 7 are carried back by the flow of pressure water into the surrounding aquifers 7. Such a method of washing the filtering dust 5 is possible only when the filtering devices 4 of the boundary pipe 3 are made in the form of perforation holes that are not protected by any filter coating and are not effective enough, since the resumption of the work of the drainage-water well, the removed clogging substances and materials again with the flow of groundwater enter the filtering dust 5, re-mating its rash Chii material. Another method of washing the filtering dust 5 is preferable, in which, after vibrational exposure of the filtering dust 5, a submersible pump unit or a suction pipe of the pump located on the day surface 10 is lowered into the central drainage column 1 and the water collected in the central drainage filter column 1 is pumped out to its full clarification, while together with the pumped water from the central drainage filter column 1, the co-matant with fine sand, silts, clay particles are removed etc. and restores the permeability of the filter dust 5.

If as a result of the above actions it is not possible to restore the flow rate of the drainage water well or the flow rate is not restored sufficiently, then with the help of a common lifting device or lifting devices respectively connected or connected to the upper ends of the rods 9 extending onto the day surface 10, all or several of the central drainage filter located along columns 1 of rods 9 with rippers 11 mounted on them, located respectively in all or several se tori 12 of the annular gap 6 between the Central drainage filter column 1 and the boundary pipe 3, bounded by two adjacent longitudinal along the height of the Central drainage filter column 1 rows of centering protrusions 8, and the lifting of the rods 9 is carried out by a small amount, for example, not exceeding 1-2 steps of placement cultivators 11 on the rods 9. Moreover, in these sectors 12 of the annular gap 6 there is a more intensive loosening of the bulk material of the filtering dust 5 due to the greater than when vibrating ion impact on the rods 9, the displacement of particles of the bulk material of the filter sprinkler 5, the formation of free space under the rippers 11, mounted on the rods 9, into which the particles of the bulk material of the filter sprinkle 5 are moved from the surrounding rods 9 of the space of the annular gap 6 between the central drainage filter column 1 and the enclosing pipe 3, as a result of which the colmatizing bonds between the particles of the bulk material of the filtering dust 5 are destroyed, the porosity and permeability of the filter increases boiling dusting 5. Then produce washing filter 5 dusting.

The above actions ensure the restoration of the productivity of the drainage well and its operability for an additional period of time, after which, with a further significant decrease in the flow rate of the drainage well, these actions are again performed to restore the operability of the drainage well. Such actions restoring the operability of a drainage-water intake well can be performed several times depending on the length of the rods 9, the location of the aquifers 7 along the depth of the well and their thickness.

This drainage and water intake well has an extended service life and can be used when taking groundwater for water supply and water reduction in any conditions.

Claims (12)

1. A drainage-water intake well containing a central drainage filter column made in the form of a perforated pipe, a filter coating located on the outer surface of the central drainage filter column, and a device for loosening loose materials adjacent to the central drainage filter column, characterized in that it equipped with an enclosing pipe with filtering devices located coaxially outside the central drainage filter column and filtering casing of bulk materials placed in the annular gap between the central drainage filter column and the boundary pipe, and on the outer surface of the central drainage filter column, centering protrusions are arranged discretely in tiers and in longitudinal rows along its height, made in the form of radially arranged plates with a length smaller than the width of the annular the gap between the central drainage filter column and the boundary pipe by an amount sufficient for the central drainage to immerse unhindered a boron filter string into the well with an enclosing pipe already installed in it, while the device for loosening loose materials adjacent to the central drainage filter string outside consists of rods located along the central catchment filter string, with the lower end reaching the bottom of the well and the upper end facing the surface , with rippers fixed on them, and in each sector of the annular gap between the central catchment filter column and the boundary pipe, At least one such rod is located adjacent to two adjacent rows of centering protrusions that are longitudinally longitudinal along the height of the central catchment filter column. 2. The well according to claim 1, characterized in that the filtering device of the enclosing pipe and perforation in the central drainage filter column, as well as the filter coating on the outer surface of the central drainage filter column and cultivators on the rods, respectively, are made and are located throughout the depth of the well. 3. The well according to claim 1, characterized in that the filtering device of the enclosing pipe and perforation in the central drainage filter column, as well as the filter coating on the outer surface of the central drainage filter column, respectively, are made and located along the depth of the well in its sections passing through the aquifers . 4. The well according to claim 3, characterized in that the rippers are fixed in separate sections of the rods from a level below the lower boundary of each aquifer to the level of its upper boundary. 5. The well according to claim 1, or 2, or 4, characterized in that the rippers are made in the form of ruffs strung on rods. 6. The well according to claim 1, or 2, or 4, characterized in that the rippers are made in the form of washers or plates strung on rods. 7. The well according to claim 1, or 2, or 4, characterized in that the rippers are made in the form of cones strung on rods, turned upward. 8. The well according to claim 1, or 2, or 4, characterized in that the upper ends of the rods facing the day surface are configured to attach a common vibrator, or a lifting device, or individual vibrators, or lifting devices to them. 9. The well according to claim 1, or 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that the filtering device of the enclosing pipe is made in the form of perforation holes or through inserts of filter material in its annular wall. 10. The well according to claim 9, characterized in that the perforation holes of the enclosing pipe are protected by an internal or external filter coating. 11. The well according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, characterized in that the filtering dusting is made of sand and gravel. 12. The well according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, characterized in that the filtering dusting is made of artificial granular material, chemically resistant or inert to aggressive or mineralized groundwater.

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