RU2330689C2 - Method of smoking cessation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: graduated smoking drop is performed by cessation in case of satiety sensation of cigarette smoking - period of "temporary independence of smoking". Thus autosuggestion is applied referring to achievement of desirable result - smoking decrease - considering smoking dose, for that purposed not finished cigarettes are kept, and also by monitoring of increased period from the moment of "temporary independence of smoking" to desire to smoke, that is to the moment of reflex "smoking start" activation. Before method is started to be used and till the moment of achieved long satiety sensation with possibility of conscious suppression of reflex "smoking start" activation - that is to "penetration of smoking dependence" - smoker is exposed to create favourable psycho-emotional background by confidence of success of smoking cessation.

EFFECT: method is aimed at effective and qualitative cessation of smoking with various degree of dependence.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of health, to methods of smoking cessation and dependence on it.

The method is based on providing certain, interconnected, strictly time-directed process conditions for microdosed reduction of smoking at the time of the onset of temporary independence from it according to the sensation of the onset of satiety by smoking.

That is, smoking reduction occurs under the control of the smoker. Therefore, the method is available without limitation and is intended for effective and high-quality cessation of smoking with varying degrees of dependence on it.

1. Justification of the description structure

According to paragraph 3.2.2 of the "Rules for the preparation, filing and consideration of an application for the grant of a patent for an invention as amended on December 11, 2003" (hereinafter referred to as the "Rules"), the procedure for presenting the description differs from that given in the "Rules" for reasons due to features of the invention namely:

1. Retrospective of the existing problem.

2. The difficulty of obtaining a technical result.

3. The absence of the studied material on the narrow topics on which the claimed method is based and, accordingly, the need for its study and analysis in the framework of this application.

In the course of the study of this topic, the analysis of existing known sources (see (1), (2) below), it turned out that in these sources, as in others (see section 3.1), there is no research and analysis of this topic in the aspect of causal investigative connection, due to the following prejudice of the authors.

This situation, as proved (section 7 of this application), is explained by the prejudice of the authors of the work in the evidence and fairness of the causal relationship “Smoking - smoking addiction” for all stages of smoking addiction. This explains all the known, ineffective in the history of the fight against smoking, ways to get rid of bad habits, based on the immediate cessation of smoking, or its unreasonably dosed reduction.

Therefore, the study of the problem in the aspect of causation at the stage of dependence on smoking, the author outlined in the framework of the sections of the description of this application (paragraphs 4-7).

Based on the studies, it became possible to present the claims “Method of smoking cessation” and justification of all its essential features in the description of the invention within the sections (paragraphs 8-12) of the description.

2. The rationale for the name of the method

As you know, the age of a bad habit - smoking a person of the European continent is solid - five hundred years, but five decades ago, scientists considered almost the only and main evil for a person from his habit of smoking tobacco, is nicotine.

Here, for example, is the opinion of scientific authors of research in this area:

“Tobacco and, first of all, the nicotine contained in it is actually a drug, quickly enslaves a person, tames him ...

Smoking can be considered an addiction, only a very common household, because the end result from smoking comes down to the same thing - the destruction of health. " Yu.F. Zmansky, E.Yu. Lukyanov. “Health without cigarettes!” Moscow. Physical education and sport, 1979, p. 8 (further 1).

And here is the opinion of the scientific authors of another work in this area:

"The most active substance that is part of tobacco is an alkaloid - nicotine, which was discovered in 1828." G.V. Morozov, academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, I.V. Strelchuk, professor, doctor of medical sciences. "Smoking as a risk factor." Publishing House "Knowledge". Moscow, 1983 (hereinafter 2).

Calling smoking "nicotine addiction", thereby unreasonably "narrowing down" the actual boundaries of the dangers that await the smoker in his bad habit.

Studies conducted in recent years by many scientists from around the world have shown that tobacco smoke contains concentragen (chemicals that cause cancer). Among them, it is worth highlighting 3,4-benzopyrene, benzotrene, free radicals, arsenic trioxide, chromium, radioactive polonium - 210, etc. ”(2, p. 42).

In total, more than 20 harmful substances are formed during smoking, which are activated during combustion (smoking) at a very high temperature (about 600 ° C) and enter the smoker's body at the time of inhalation (2, p. 42).

From the research results cited above, it follows that it would be a mistake to identify smoking only with nicotine addiction.

And the World Health Organization (hereinafter: WHO) has recognized smoking as an addiction.

Therefore, the proposed method includes a broader definition in the concept of "smoking", and the name of the method: "Method for stopping smoking."

3. The current situation

3.1. Problem history

Analyzing the works (1), (2) - research in this area of the problem, including a review of research by scientists from developed countries of the world, in particular the United States, WHO systematic publications, the media (hereinafter referred to as the media), it is necessary to recognize: in the search for ways to stop smoking (more or less effective and high-quality) over the past 20th century, the results have, in essence, been unsatisfactory. Figuratively speaking, "dead ends."

From the above works ((1) p. 43), one can see the serious concern of US scientists on the basis of an extensive research program in the beginning of the 2nd half of the 20th century.

From the noted period to the present (the beginning of the 21st century) two generations of humanity have changed, and the population of the Earth has tripled. Over the past period, according to research results, the percentage of smokers triple with each generation (100% × 3). It is easy to calculate that over the past half-century, the absolute increase in the number of smokers has increased 6 times ((100% × 3) × 2 generations)!

At the beginning of 2006 (it is known from the media), according to the WHO, a 10% decrease in smokers was achieved over the past 5-year period of the fight against smoking and dependence on it.

But, as can be seen from the statistics, the growth of the population, and therefore of smokers, is several times ahead of the percentage of the population who quit smoking. The number of smokers among the world's population, according to 2006 (from the media), reached one and a half billion people.

If we turn to the history of the fight against smoking and its modern methods, then there is a curious tendency to their analogy:

From the historical facts of the fight against smoking, it is clear that people realized and foresaw the danger of a bad habit and, as they could, resisted evil: by violent, prohibitive methods, threats of physical violence, demands to stop smoking immediately!

3.2. The current state of the problem

If we return from the historical “excursion” to the analysis of modern methods of combating smoking, we are forced to agree with the analogy of historical methods: violent (revolutionary (!)) Demands and calls to immediately stop (quit) smoking!

It should be noted that the only difference is that the historical methods of combating smoking were carried out through the violence of the smoker's physiology as a method of influencing his consciousness and personality (they simply did not have more delicate methods then).

But modern specialists: psychologists, narcologists, psychiatrists through the violence of the psyche, through its terror, threats against the smoker with deadly diseases from a bad habit, throughout the entire time of smoking (the whole rest of life!).

The task from historical times remains unchanged: to defeat smoking.

Indeed, accompanied by an eagerness to help “poor” smokers get rid of smoking, research specialists on this problem are expanding and deepening the boundaries of their knowledge “about the dangers that await, threaten and actually kill tens of millions of smokers annually around the world”, all for the same purpose : Strengthen the psychological impact on the smoker and make him give up smoking as a harmful and dangerous habit.

These proposed and actually used methods to combat smoking can be reduced (systematized) to the following general formulations and algorithm:

a) mental impact on the background of frightening statistics through the media “On the extent of morbidity and mortality due to smoking with the following requirements, combined with a forcibly dosed (in relation to the psyche of the smoker) smoking reduction with accompanying therapy;

b) or against the background of mental impact - to the demand (violent) to immediately stop smoking, with accompanying therapy.

In fairness, it should be recognized that the above authors of the proposed methods themselves in the course of their development of the methods are convinced of their negativity (harmfulness) and refute them:

“Experience shows that it is inexpedient to simply intimidate smokers with diseases (cancer, heart attack, etc.). By intimidation, the case is rarely resolved. After all, still not every smoker falls ill, and a person, especially a young one ....

In addition, giving rise to psychological negativity in smokers, such tactics will lead to the fact that he will seek to avoid such moralizing. As practice shows, systematic bullying is one of the reasons for the development of smokers additional nervous tension, leading to neurosis. He, having no strength to quit smoking, lives in constant fear due to the fact that he continues to systematically poison himself and expose him to the risk of developing diseases (1, p. 49-50).

In connection with the aforementioned negative, it is important and necessary to highlight the positive that is formed by such a tough method of terror and intimidation of the smoker, including through the media. This is positive - the formation of motivation for smokers to “stop smoking”. To clarify the essence of the proposed method as an invention, where motivation will be necessary as one of its features, it is necessary to study and highlight in a separate section.

4. Formation of motivation to stop smoking

Studies conducted by scientists around the world and their wide publication "On the dangers of smoking" for half a century of the second half of the 20th century were aimed at convincing smokers to stop smoking, as a habit harmful and dangerous to health with far-reaching consequences. Why, through the media, psychological pressure was exerted on smokers by increasing the dissemination of frightening statistics on the effects of smoking: the threat of diseases and their factors (especially for smokers with "experience").

However, as proved in the materials of the proposed method, mental pressure on the smoker is not an effective way to quit smoking: he cannot cope with smoking on his own, that is, he cannot independently stop smoking.

In practice, it turns out that the effect of dependence on the psyche of the smoker is stronger than the effect of intimidation by the consequences of smoking.

How do such smokers respond to media threats?

It is known that a long-term impact on the psyche has become negative information, it does not go “unnoticed” for a smoker, although he smiles hard at not noticing, not hearing, forgetting, not remembering. The long-term impact of information does its job: it is put off by the smoker in the mind and in the subconscious!

Thus, every smoker, and especially a person suffering from smoking, has a motivation to quit smoking. But such a motivation is “passive,” because it is impossible to implement in practice. Because, from the point of view of the reflex connection, the dependence on smoking “you want to smoke” (immediately!) Is stronger than the motivation (understanding) that you should not smoke, because someday it will be bad, and it, motivation, is blocked by a stronger reflection of dependence “I want to smoke”!

Conclusion: To implement the generated motivation, it is necessary to develop and offer a smoker a simple, affordable in any conditions and moreover, an effective and high-quality way to quit smoking. So that using this method, the smoker could autonomously, in any conditions and at any time, only using exclusively the capabilities of his own body, stop smoking (quit smoking). In the same way as I got used to smoking (I started smoking)!

5. Conditioned reflexes as a result of prolonged smoking

Given the deep history of the problem, the authors of the works mentioned above (1) turned to the famous school of I.P. Pavlov, who studied the mechanisms of reflexes in their connection.

“Like the formation of temporary conditioned connections, the mechanisms of which were established by the IP Pavlov school, with prolonged smoking, a conditioned reflex is formed, more precisely a lot of reflexes. It is not easy to deal with the sum of such formed reflexes — the dynamic core of behavior, in the terminology of IP Pavlov ”(1, p. 51).

In fact, IP Pavlov outlined the search area (“many reflexes”) for solving the problem and the search tool itself (“the dynamic core of the smoker’s behavior”) of the centuries-old task of getting rid of human smoking. After half a century, the authors of work (2) in the course of analysis confirmed the connection established by I.P. Pavlov of smoking, as a bad habit, with the formed mechanism of smoker's reflexes: “... smoking, as a bad habit, develops according to the principle of a conditioned reflex (2, p. 3). However, the authors of (2) did not go further along this “chain” of conditioned reflexes, as the “prompted” direction of the search for a solution to the problem.

That gives reason to believe about the complexity and non-obviousness of solving the problem of effective and high-quality cessation of smoking, as a bad habit.

This conclusion is based, moreover, on the conclusions of I.P. Pavlov himself: “... with the total amount of such formed reflexes - dynamic behavior is not easy to fight” (1, p. 51).

And, finally, an attempt by the authors of the following work to find a solution to the problem of ridding smokers of their bad habits: “You can deal with such a significant amount of drives for a long time, using, first of all, the technique of auto-suggestion” (1, p. 51).

Findings:

Since during the analysis of the above works it was possible to narrow as much as possible the search for a solution to the problem of quitting smoking “to conditioned reflexes”. And the topic in this aspect is only indicated in the work (“... smoking, as a bad habit, develops according to the principle of conditioned reflex” (2) p.3). That is, for the need for further clarification of the essence of the invention, we will analyze this topic using examples of reflex chain dynamics.

Such a need hereinafter in the materials of this application is due to the fact that studies on this problem for the possibility of its effective and high-quality solution practically do not exist in these (1), (2) and other well-known sources (see section 3.1):

“It should be noted that ... the physiological basis of the method of reflexology used against smoking has not been developed enough ...” (1, p. 60).

6. The development of dependence on smoking on the principle of conditioned reflexes

6.1. Smoking addiction as a result of mental change

In the process of development from the fetus to the adult individual, the central nervous system (hereinafter: CNS) of a person repeats the basic stages of evolution ... gradually, continuously, for a long time (Home Medical Encyclopedia, editor-in-chief, academician of the RAMS V.I. Pokrovsky, Moscow “Medicine” 1993 (hereinafter (3)), p.451).

Consequently, the psyche - the function of the central nervous system develops similarly, as it were evolutionarily: continuously, gradually, for a long time.

“The insidiousness of smoking lies in the fact that one who is addicted to this bad habit does not immediately become ill (becomes dependent). Sometimes years pass until nicotine and other components of tobacco first cause functional and then organic irreversible changes (2, p. 3).

So, through a logical chain, we connected the established facts and came to the conclusion that smoking addiction is a consequence of a change in the psyche, as it were evolving: continuously, gradually, for a long time.

In support of the conclusion, we turn to the conclusion of a specialist in this area of the problem.

“Some smoking specialists (E.Schester et al.) Rightly believe that, since smoking addiction takes a long time to develop, then along with physical (i.e., the direct dependence of nerve cells on smoking) it is also determined by psychophysical factors: a complex of psychological associations associated with smoking occurs in the human mind. We are already talking about the naturally conditioned and difficult to control psychological side of behavior (1, p. 51).

Thus, there is a whole set of very powerful, far from always conscious internal aspirations to maintain the smoking habit, to continue it (1, p. 51).

It should be objected to the authors of the conclusion "about not always conscious internal aspirations to maintain smoking habits ...". Since, without understanding and not realizing this, it is impossible to find solutions to the problem of effective and high-quality smoking cessation.

6.2. Smoking as a consequence of a mental state change

Therefore, we consider in detail several illustrative examples of the dynamics of changes in the mood (state of mind) of the smoker on the intensity of smoking as a result of the occurrence of the corresponding reflexes.

It is known that initially starting smoking under the influence of the external environment (friends, colleagues, in a feast, out of imitation, desire to join the company, etc.), a person, as a result of systematic such actions, gets used to smoking for a long time, i.e. he has a persistent need to smoke: he becomes addicted to smoking. Thus, the smoker develops many reflexes caused by any change in mood (state of mind): grief, excitement, fright, joy, fun, thoughtfulness, feast (alcohol), eating, etc. - the response reflex follows - “the beginning of smoking” (smoking).

Let us dwell on the most typical of them.

Example 1: In a calm, even environment (favorable psychological background), the smoker smokes two (or even more) times less than the average daily intake, for example, packs.

Example 2: The smoker communicates actively during the feast, smokes much more often. He began to drink with the same interlocutor-smoker: he smokes even more often.

Example 3: But the same two smokers sat down to play chess. The loser smokes one cigarette after another. In three hours, he smoked more than half of the pack! Whereas the winner smoked several times less, because he was calm (favorable psychological background) for the results of his game, because the psyche was balanced.

Example 4. This happens to the smoker throughout life. It is noteworthy that the next "smoke break" occurs unconsciously: he constantly watches his position on the board, "forgives" options for continuing the game): he "found" a winning option and immediately lit up with joy. The reflex worked: "joy (a change in the state of the psyche) - smoking."

Example 5. But the cigarette burned out (to the filter!) And the chess smoker stopped smoking. He made the next move - unsuccessful and immediately lit up with chagrin. The reflex worked - grief (a change in the state of the psyche) - smoking. ”

As a result of such "exciting" (exciting) situations, the smoker "does not let out" a smoking cigarette from his mouth (constantly calms down), like a baby from sucking a nipple due to an unconditioned (innate) reflex.

“Everyone is familiar with the standard situation. A heavy smoker, agitated during a particular situation, usually takes up a cigarette. After all, he does this not even consciously (1) p. 51. That is, smoking is uncontrolled.

Findings:

1. In the considered examples (1-5), it was established that each of the many reflexes, a consequence of a change in the psycho-emotional state, causes smoking. Consequently, the whole set of reflexes comes down to one general thing - “a change in the state of the psyche - smoking”!

2. These changes occur in a person dependent on smoking, as established above. Therefore, the consciousness of such a person is not able to control this reflex - the “beginning of smoking”: he cannot but smoke because he is addicted and at the moment his dependent state has caused this reflex - an irresistible desire to “smoke”.

Conclusion: from beginning to end, the smoking process proceeds uncontrollably from the side of the smoker's consciousness (unconsciously!).

6.3. Examination of the End of Smoking Reflex

We examined the first of two main reflexes that affect the smoking process - the “start smoking” reflex.

As observations and their analysis show, in 90% of cases the “end of smoking” reflex is associated with the end of the cigarette (until it burns out!). That is, the smoker's mind also does not control this stage of smoking.

But can, in principle, the smoker's mind control this moment - the moment of cessation of smoking? And if “yes”, then, therefore, the smoker can independently (autonomously!) Manage the smoking process, bearing in mind the dependence on it. Consequently, a smoker dependent on smoking can reduce it until a complete cessation of smoking is achieved!

Observations and analysis of the stage of “ending smoking” revealed cases (possibly from those 10%), when smokers did not smoke cigarettes by a third or even half and stopped (extinguished!). Reason: smoked! That is, they felt how the state of satiation with smoking came! They no longer wanted to smoke and they stopped it. Why is this possible? Because they stopped feeling the need for smoking! What is this condition? It can be unambiguously described: this condition is “smoking independence”! It should be added that this condition (“smoked!”) Occurs every time after smoking, but it lasts until the sensation “you want to smoke again” occurs - until the “start smoking” reflex triggers.

Then, how to explain the reflex “end of cigarette - end of smoking”. After all, smoking can be stopped earlier (as we have seen) than a cigarette will burn to the end (almost to the filter!). As follows from the above justification, this reflex is controlled by the consciousness of the smoker himself. At the same time, such controlled smoking will be a reversed uncontrolled smoking as its “mirror reflection”. Therefore, we dwell on a detailed study of uncontrolled smoking in order to compare it with the technical result achieved by the invention.

Due to the “inertia” of the psyche, by analogy with the impossibility of controlling the “start of smoking” reflex, which the smoker’s consciousness (smoking-dependent consciousness) cannot control, the mind does not control the entire smoking process each time the cigarette itself is completely burned out.

6.4. Smoking Dependence Rate

With the uncontrolled course of smoking, the dependent smoker every time: every hour, every day, every year, throughout his life, did not smoke as much as his body required (dose: until the sensation of satiety and the onset of “temporary independence”), but much more: until the end of the cigarette, until it burns out!

What causes such uncontrolled smoking:

6.4.1. With the maximum increase in the “length of service” of smoking, the intensity of smoke breaks increases on average up to 40 times a day (2 packs), that is, a smoke break every 27 minutes (18 hours: 40 cigarettes). Such a dependence on smoking destroys the body, in particular the smoker's nervous system (psyche), rapidly and irreversibly.

The above example is the most obvious, due to the strong degree of dependence on smoking.

6.4.2. But, importantly, such a finale is logical as a result of uncontrolled smoking, which is clearly and logically justified. Uncontrolled smoking and dependence on it are dynamic phenomena and develop according to well-known conditions, like addiction:

- the body soon ceases to be excited by the previous doses of smoking and requires an increase in them. That is, there is an increasing dynamics of increasing doses of smoking and dependence on it ... through the intensity of smoking! Since the length of a cigarette is standard and it is impossible to increase the dose of a single smoking (smoke), it (dose) increases through its intensity (the number of smoke breaks per unit time).

6.4.3. Conclusion: An objective indicator of the degree of dependence on smoking is the intensity of smoking with a growing dynamics.

6.5. Controlled smoking study

As established above (Section 6.3.), The overwhelming majority of the sensation of "smoking" comes much earlier than a cigarette burns to the end. The inventor called this feeling of satiety with smoking “temporary independence from smoking”.

Consequently, from the moment of temporary independence, smoking can (and must!) Be stopped with the help of the consciousness of the smoker himself.

As a result, the “end of cigarette - end of smoking” reflex that occurred in the uncontrolled smoking process was excluded from the reflex chain during smoking.

The excluded reflex in the uncontrolled smoking process in the controlled one is replaced by the inclusion of the smoker’s consciousness, who stops smoking at the moment of “temporary independence from smoking” (much earlier than the replaced reflex when the cigarette burns out).

Such a replacement, under the control of the smoker's own consciousness, is “perceived” as correct by his psyche, because non-violent, does not cause discomfort.

As a result, each time you smoke (smoke) the next time, the psyche will be protected from the effects of an over-smoked dose and, therefore, will be protected from increased dependence on smoking.

The psyche reacts positively to such a restriction, as practice shows. Smoking before the appearance of a feeling of satiety - the onset of temporary independence from it causes a state of satisfaction and a positive psychological background: the time of the next need to "smoke" is put off.

There is a decrease in the consumed doses, a decrease in the intensity of smoking (decrease in smoke breaks) in dynamics from day to day. The increased need for smoking - the growing dependence of the psyche on smoking is reversed: there is a dynamics in the decrease in smoking and dependence on it.

The results achieved are confirmed in the works of the above authors:

“As is known from physiology, the developed conditioned reflex to external attributes is maintained provided that a specific stimulus is constantly introduced into the body, and fades away without it” (1) p.10.

This conclusion “On the conditions of functioning or“ extinction ”of this most important reflex associated with dependence on smoking requires a mandatory explanation and analysis of the conditions under which the conclusion is fair.

The conclusion is fair and possible only for the initial stage of smoking, where the addiction is still surmountable and smoking can be stopped completely at once.

Based on the analysis below, we will verify the patterns of inconclusive (“deadlock”) efforts throughout the history of smoking control, as a result of the erroneous choice of a causal relationship in finding a solution to the problem of smoking cessation

7. Analysis of the causal relationship of the 2 stages of smoking.

7.1. Causal relationship analysis at the 1st (“pre-threshold”) stage of smoking addiction

The development of dependence on smoking, as the essence of the dependence of the psyche on smoking, also occurs as if evolutionarily: continuously, continuously, constantly. This means that the dependence begins with the first puff and continuously develops along with smoking: for a long time, constantly (with the dynamics of acceleration).

How to explain the fact that over a short period, up to one year, for example, continuous smoking, it is possible to stop (quit)?

Then, how, for example, to explain that after a 2 - 3 year period of continuous smoking, its cessation is impossible for most (not able to quit smoking).

Obviously, with continuous smoking, the smoker goes, conditionally calling, the stage in which everyone reaches and overcomes a certain “critical threshold” of dependence on smoking, which in this capacity is irreversible.

The stage of smoking in which the smoker has not crossed this “critical threshold” will be called the first stage of smoking. In the 1st stage, the smoker is able (able) to quit smoking immediately and, as a result, stop dependence on him. Traces of mild addiction (a slight craving for smoking) may still be present for a considerable time (six months or more), but a person can easily cope with this addiction and suppresses it until it stops completely.

So, at the 1st stage, a person lit a whole cigarette for the first or once again, and he had all the same known negative phenomena: nausea, dizziness, vomiting (vivid signs of poisoning) - a consequence of smoking. That is, the reason for all the negative is smoking.

This smoker did not cross the "threshold" of dependence, so he is able to immediately stop smoking. Therefore, if he stops the cause - smoking, then he stops the result of smoking (nausea, dizziness, poisoning, etc.) - a mild dependence.

Conclusion: at the first stage of smoking, the task of ending smoking dependence is set correctly: the smoker immediately stops smoking. At the same time, the urge to smoke is an easy form of dependence - the smoker is able to suppress himself. Therefore, the urge - the craving for smoking is dying away. The conditional structural diagram of the cause and effect of the smoking process at the first pre-threshold stage of dependence is shown, for clarity, in figure 1.

7.2. Causal relationship analysis at the 2nd (“threshold”) stage of smoking addiction

Smoker with "experience". He has a persistent dependence on smoking. He is not able to independently stop smoking and addiction to it, despite repeated attempts to stop smoking, as the indicated authors insistently recommend in their works (1), (2) in the proposed known methods.

As follows from the conditions of the formation of the second (“threshold”) stage of dependence on smoking, at first only the first (“threshold”) stage began and acted for several (or less) years according to the scheme of the chain: smoking (reason) - dependence on smoking ( consequence). In this state, a simultaneous cessation of smoking (causes) is possible, which is why after some time (gradually) it will fade away and dependence on smoking will completely stop (consequence).

After a period of several years of (approximately) permanent smoking, the level of dependence on it reached and overcame its “threshold” of dependence, beyond which it became insurmountable.

In this state of overwhelming dependence, the smoker is not able to stop smoking, as he was in the forces at the first (“threshold”) stage of smoking. The reason for this is the “threshold” (insurmountable!) Addiction.

In order to need an accurate interpretation and reasoned application of this concept in the future, he needs to be given such a definition and a unique figurative name.

It is well known that WHO recognized smoking as an addiction. Modern medicine also refers smoking to drug addiction, only to household (1, p. 8).

Therefore, it is necessary to recognize the appropriate stage in smoking, characteristic of addiction: “a disease characterized by an irresistible craving for drugs” (for example, smoking). Big Encyclopedic Dictionary, Volume 2, Editor-in-Chief A. M. Prokhorov, Moscow, “Soviet Encyclopedia”. 1991 (hereinafter (4)), p.5 “Addiction”. The smoker falls into this state when he smokes for a long time. The inventor called this condition the "2nd" threshold "stage of smoking addiction." A similar state is confirmed by the conclusions of the school of academician I.P. Pavlov, who studied the mechanism of reflexes in her connection:

“Like the formation of temporary conditioned connections with long-term smoking, a persistent conditioned reflex is formed ...” (1, p. 51).

Briefly state the state of dependence of the smoker at the 2nd “threshold” stage:

Continuing to smoke (cause), he intensifies his dependence (effect) on smoking. It would seem that there is only one way to stop addiction, as a result - stop smoking as a cause, but, as it has already been established ((4), p.5), the smoker is not able to stop it due to reaching such a state of dependence when the consequence Forces smoking - the reason. In this case, the causal relationship takes the form of a "closed circuit" (see figure 2). Such forms of changes in the chain of causal relationship for dynamic states, such as, for example, the state of an ever-increasing dependence on smoking, have a scientific explanation:

“... The consequence generated by some cause itself becomes the cause of another phenomenon; the latter, in turn, is the cause of the third phenomenon, etc. This sequence of phenomena connected with each other by a relation of rigid internal necessity is called a causal or causal chain. It can be more accurately called the “chain of causation”, which emphasizes not the static, but the dynamic nature of this chain: its links do not exist in a finished, unchanged form, they sequentially arise and disappear, causing one (causing) another. Philosophical Encyclopedia. Editor-in-chief F.V.Konstantinov, Volume 4, “Science of Logic - CITIES,” Publishing House “Soviet Encyclopedia”, 1967 (hereinafter (5)), pp. 370-371.

The essence of causal relationships occurring in a living organism (with the central nervous system) is reflexes. “Reflexes are the body’s reaction to receptor irritations. The resulting excitement is transmitted to the central nervous system, which also responds to it with excitement ... (4, p. 262).

The sum of the reflexes - the links of the reflex chain - is the essence of the causal chain for living organisms (with the central nervous system).

Taking into account the above scientific explanations, the conditional diagram of the causal relationship at the second "threshold" stage of dependence on smoking, depicted in figure 2, will take a more detailed (detailed and visual) form of such a closed chain, which is characteristic, apparently, only for living organisms existing strictly cyclically (see figure 3).

Conclusion: Based on the analysis of the causal relationship at the 2nd “threshold” stage of smoking, the author came to the reasonable conclusion: permanent one-time cessation of smoking at this stage is impossible.

Quitting smoking, contrary to the law of causation, is doomed to resume as low-quality, with the exception of well-known examples of cessation of dependent smoking due to objective reasons (see (1), p. 48).

This conclusion is also an answer to the question “about the erroneous direction of the dead-end centuries-old practice of the fight against smoking by mankind, including well-known modern methods, including those described in (1), (2): unsuccessful attempts to stop addictive smoking from the 2nd“ threshold »Stage of dependence.

8. The prior art

Known methods of smoking cessation and dependence on it, based on psychological effects against the backdrop of frightening statistics “on the scale of morbidity and mortality” due to smoking and coercion in order to force it to essentially quit (quit) smoking as a harmful and dangerous health habit. That is, the known proposed methods are based on the forced cessation of smoking without taking into account the causal relationship of the stage of dependent smoking, the set of interrelated, specific conditions of the smoker's body, which is dependent on the smoking psyche.

A smoker who decides to use this method with a requirement (proposal) to immediately stop smoking once and for all, due to its dependence causes the following negative phenomena:

- severe stress and, as a result, strong, prolonged, depressing discomfort that interferes with sleep, work, study, etc .;

- as a result of the negative of this method, the smoker is forced to abandon it, losing all hope of stopping smoking.

Two decades of failure and, accordingly, oblivion of such known methods confirm their criticism above.

There is also a method of stopping smoking by inpatient drug treatment by a narcologist in a clinical setting (1) p. 54-62).

However, the method contains a number of disadvantages that do not allow its use, as available in large quantities, and therefore, ineffective:

- the method is expensive, because requires clinical treatment, which makes it impossible to use it in mass conditions;

- for effective and high-quality smoking cessation and dependence on it, the dosage is carried out not by force, but with the help of the smoker’s consciousness - microdosed. But the known method does not solve such problems. Conclusion: the method does not take into account the causal relationship of dependent smoking, the result of which is poor-quality cessation of smoking and its relapse.

A similar method of smoking treatment with the use of supplementation (substitution therapy): “distorts the taste of tobacco smoke and makes it extremely unpleasant to lubricate the oral mucosa with soluble, astringent effects (0.5% silver nitrate solution, 3% protorgol solution). After lubricating the oral mucosa with these agents, the smoker does not feel the taste of tobacco, but experiences unpleasant sensations, up to nausea, for 1-2 hours. However, the craving for smoking is often maintained. Therefore, it is better to combine this method with replacement therapy (cytabex, lobesil, lubelin, etc.) (2) p. 81.

The indicated disadvantage of the method, as well as its impossibility to use it in mass non-stationary conditions, the low quality of smoking cessation exclude its use as a result of a violation of cause-effect relationships of the state of dependent smoking.

A known method of quitting smoking, in which a negative reaction to tobacco is achieved by treatment with hypnosis. Having plunged the smoker into a hypnotic state and suggesting to him that tobacco smoke will cause him nausea, vomiting and a strong cough ...

At the slightest puff, he develops a strong cough and a nauseous and vomiting reaction to tobacco smoke. The course of treatment consists of 8-15 sessions of hypnotherapy (2) p. 84.

The method is time-consuming and expensive, and therefore inaccessible, which excludes its mass use as effective and high-quality (with noted side effects: forcibly inspired reaction to smoke from smoking). A more than 20-year period confirms the noted shortcomings of the known method as ineffective and low-quality smoking cessation due to a violation of cause-effect relationships of dependent smoking.

There is a known method of smoking cessation, proposed by the US public health service, which includes the following smoking rules:

a) strictly control the number of cigarettes smoked per day and its ability to smoke less - day by day;

b) to smoke slowly, as opposed to how some people do it ... at a transport stop: quickly smoke a cigarette that has just been started. Take less puffs and do not drag so deep;

c) do not finish the cigarette to the end (in this part - the maximum amount of harmful substances).

In the known method, its rules do not define smoking control criteria:

- quantitatively - the dose of smoking reduction, in what period of time;

- smoking reduction rate: per day - by cigarette or - per week;

- the relationship of dependence on smoking ("experience" of smoking), on the dose and intensity of smoking reduction;

- as a result, even the approximate dates for stopping smoking are not determined according to the proposed rules of the method.

The known method is based on intuition and sentences with a set of rules and cannot be attributed to anything based on the physiology and psyche of the smoker without taking into account the causal relationship of the addicted to smoking, without which it is impossible to solve the problem of getting rid of the addicted to smoking successfully and help him stop smoking qualitatively .

Therefore, based on practical results (the lack of positive results in the USA at present), it can be absolutely reliably stated that the known method is powerless to bring success in smoking cessation, not to mention its effectiveness and quality.

The author of the work (1), in the course of analysis, making sure that there is no effect of the known method in the form of a set of smoking rules, resorts to the already well-known, unsuccessful calls for smoking cessation: “Therefore, it’s better to use the most radical thing - quit smoking” (1) with .46.

The author of (1) also points to “Countless examples of those who, after decades of smoking, easily and quickly abandon it, if they faced the real danger of death (1) p. 48.

In these cases, there are classic examples, which are based on smoking, which is formed, according to the definition of academician I.P. Pavlov, a lot of reflexes: simple and complex, less or more powerful.

In this case, the motivation to quit smoking and the effect of the reflex caused by motivation are crucial. In this case, the stronger fear of death caused by a stronger congenital reflex suppresses the less severe one - the “you want to smoke” acquired reflex of smoking addiction. It is this circumstance that explains the examples of voluntary cessation (refusal) of smoking, suppressing dependence on it. But, according to statistics, “getting” powerful motives for voluntary cessation (refusal) of smoking in order to cause a stronger reflex and with its help suppress the “desire to smoke”, is still possible for a very limited number of smokers due to the action of the external environment (i.e. e. for circumstances beyond the control of the smoker).

The authors of the book (1) proposed a method for quitting smoking, where dosed smoking is accompanied by self-hypnosis therapy: “Such an accompanying self-hypnosis therapy is a very effective means. It is advisable to build phrases, in general, in a non-specific (non-team) form and at the same time reinforce them with positive statements, for example: this time I smoked less, because the puffs were less deep than usual. So I definitely feel better. That's the whole, in principle, method. As you can see, it is not at all complicated and requires only fairly systematic work ”(1, p. 53).

Based on the work done to study the problem (1), the authors “came” to this method intuitively, where they felt that the problem should be solved based on the principles:

a) stop smoking and dependence on it should not be forcibly, but dosed ("... still smoked less, because the puffs were less deep than usual"), "listening" to your psychoemotional (internal) state, accompanying him auto-suggestion;

b) smoking cessation is proposed to be carried on by the smoker autonomously (independently), accompanying him with self-hypnosis, systematically (“requires a fairly systematic work”);

c) the method is simple, accessible to any smoker in any natural conditions for smoking, and therefore can be used by every smoker who wants to stop smoking, i.e. motivated to quit smoking.

9. The choice of "prototype"

According to the largest number of essential features and the achieved results, the known method of smoking cessation is the closest to the claimed method, so the author decided to choose it for the “prototype” (1, p. 53).

However, the method chosen for the “prototype” has drawbacks that boil down to the fact that it does not contain the conditions listed below according to clauses 9.1–9.5 and their interconnections, including cause and effect; sequence of their implementation. Only with the presence and compliance with these conditions is it possible to effectively and qualitatively quit smoking:

9.1. A powerful motivation for getting rid of smoking, which is ensured by the guarantee of their effective and high-quality cessation with a comfortable course of their reduction.

9.2. Smoking reduction is carried out microdosed, by stopping it at the time of independence from smoking.

9.3. In turn, the onset of temporary independence from smoking is determined by the moment of the onset of a feeling of satiety by smoking, which thus controls the moment of smoking cessation and provides a microdosed reduction in smoking.

9.4. To ensure the maximum effect and quality of the conditions according to clauses 9.1–9.3, they create the most favorable psychoemotional background, in which they provide a balanced state of the psyche (mood) to the smoker during the whole time of smoking reduction until the “threshold” of dependence on it is overcome.

9.5. Accompanying therapy for smoking reduction results is provided by visual observation of the effect of accelerating the increase in time between smoke breaks (i.e., an increase in temporary independence).

9.6. And the time between smoke breaks is defined as the time from the moment of the onset of the sensation of satiety by smoking and its conscious cessation to the moment of the effect of the “start smoking” reflex.

In the prototype method, the list of parameters and the sequence of dosed smoking reduction are not defined, in particular:

- How often (time interval) to reduce the dose of smoking?

- What is the single dose of smoking reduction (1 cigarette per day, or several days, or week, etc.)?

- What are the results of smoking reduction and dependence on it?

- After what time should the results be expected?

The above conditions, the most important, for stopping smoking in the "prototype" are not defined.

As you can see, the prototype method does not give a solution to this complex of issues and in general on the qualitative cessation of smoking. The proposed method of smoking cessation is based on intuition rather than knowledge and observance of the conditions of causal relationship of dependent smoking, and therefore unsystematic, sketchy, incomplete, not brought to the state of the possibility of its effective and high-quality use for smoking cessation. This method, no matter how you accompany it with self-hypnosis, will not solve such a difficult task as achieving a technical result - effective and high-quality cessation of smoking.

This criticism of the “prototype” is absolutely fair, as it is based on the results of a practical test of its effectiveness and quality after 20 years (time-tested): there are no results naturally.

At present, after a century of unsuccessful struggle of humanity against smoking against the backdrop of threatening media warnings from the consequences of this bad habit, the dependent smoker is forced to ignore them, since methods that are effective and of high quality have not yet been developed and not proposed. Moreover, the mass of “overwhelming” attention of the smoker in ineffective, non-working methods, methods, means, rules developed in the smoker their biased, negative perception.

Therefore, in order to attract the attention of a modern smoker who wants to get rid of his bad smoking habit, he certainly, having familiarized himself with the proposed new method, should know at least his main (method) conditions for stopping smoking: effectiveness, quality, affordability, comfort, time , for which the method will allow you to quit smoking (stop it).

10. Disclosure of invention

10.1. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Effective and high-quality cessation of smoking is achieved in that the dosed smoking reduction is carried out predominantly microdosed, at the time of temporary independence from smoking by fixing it at the moment of the sensation of satiety by smoking, and the accompanying therapy provide observation of the real, actual effect of accelerating the increase in time between cigarettes (reduction indicator smoking intensity), i.e. increase in time from the moment of the onset of the sensation of satiety with smoking and its conscious cessation to the moment of the effect of the “start smoking” reflex.

The decision to get rid of a bad habit using this method is preceded by a thorough study, its applicability to specific living conditions, acceptability, taking into account the mode of operation, the degree of comfort of smoking reduction by this method, the required time and material costs, the effectiveness and quality of the smoking cessation method.

Therefore, before starting to use the method, the smoker had the motivation to stop smoking after carefully familiarizing himself with the method many times, which creates confidence in the success of smoking cessation, psychological balance (favorable background). For the process (method) to proceed under the most favorable conditions, the smoker prepares comprehensively (as the most important event in life!). All these preparations for the period of smoking reduction by the proposed method are succinctly formulated in it: "... form a favorable psycho-emotional background."

10.2. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

For a better unambiguous understanding of the proposed features of the invention, their novelty and non-obviousness, including their relationship when achieving the appropriate level of effectiveness of the proposed method and its quality, the author provides the following explanations:

"... the dosed reduction of smoking is carried out mainly microdosed at the time of the onset of temporary independence from it."

The claims of the invention (see paragraph 2 of the formula) explain this new unknown state of the smoker: the moment of onset of temporary independence from smoking is the moment of onset of the sensation of satiety with smoking (“I don’t feel like smoking!”) With its instantaneous conscious cessation.

However, the aforementioned new feature has another non-obvious property that actually ensures the achievement of effective and high-quality cessation of smoking.

The smoker, due to its dependence, cannot independently (autonomously) stop smoking (see above, section 7.2. Analysis of the cause-effect relationship at the 2nd (“threshold” stage of dependence on smoking).

But by the end of the smoke break, before the cigarette has not burned out, the smoker feels like “I don’t feel like smoking”, and there is a temporary independence from smoking. This condition corresponds to the 1st “pre-threshold” stage of smoking dependence (see above, section 7.1. “Analysis of the cause-effect relationship at the 1st“ pre-threshold ”stage of smoking”). In this independent state, microdosed reduction of smoking (smoked) is carried out and, as a consequence, its corresponding effective and high-quality cessation.

For greater clarity, we explain the mechanism of micro-dose reduction of smoking by the example of a graphical analysis of the method (see figures 4, 5).

In the examples below (FIGS. 4, 5), the data are presented in an average and approximate manner, since The purpose of these graphical explanations is to illustrate the mechanism of microdosed smoking reduction, which is not obvious when one cigarette is smoked. And which is visually tracked by the average hourly data of the use of the proposed method is impossible. It is possible to notice this visually at the initial stage only by daily and more average data on smoking reduction.

Figure 4 (see. Appendix) shows a smoked cigarette with uncontrolled smoking. Let us analyze this using the example of a smoker with a significant degree of dependence, who smokes 1.5 packs - 30 cigarettes a day. Smoking time per day, on average, 12 hours (translate into minutes) - 720 minutes. Then the average intensity of smoking (the time from the start of smoking the 1st cigarette to the beginning of the 2nd) will be (720: 30) - 24 minutes. We take this smoking intensity time for 100% and consider in this visual measurement all its components. Cigarette smoking time during uncontrolled smoking (average) 4 minutes. Consequently, a person with moderate severity of dependence (smoking intensity) is forced to smoke continuously for every 24 minutes of his active life.

That is, a smoker with an average severity of dependence is forced to smoke (remove the state of dependence on smoking) 16.6% or 1/6 of his entire active life so that the remaining 83.4% (5/6 parts) remain independent of smoking.

Figure 5, for comparison, symmetrically cigarette smoked with uncontrolled smoking (figure 4) shows a smoked cigarette with controlled smoking.

For clarity, we give a more “critical” example of fixing the moment of independence from smoking: up to the size of the “uncontrolled smoking” dose, it remains to document 1/4 of the division, i.e. 1/4 minutes - 15 seconds!

Nevertheless, this should be used as a real concrete opportunity, according to this invention, to reduce the smoked next dose, and therefore its dependence on it. Therefore, a metered decrease in smoking is carried out at the moment (where the count in some cases takes time for seconds, and for a dose one puff!) Of the onset of temporary independence. This wording defines a clear time line (-15 seconds) and a causal relationship between such a time limit and the technical result achieved - effective and high-quality smoking cessation.

In the example of Fig. 5, cigarette smoking occurs under the control of the smoker’s own consciousness at the moment of the sensation of fullness of smoking (“smoked”) - temporary independence from smoking, the smoker quits smoking (smoke break).

As can be seen (figure 5), such a moment - "smoked" - the smoker's mind recorded after smoked 3/4 parts of the entire (whole) length of the cigarette, conditionally divided into 4 parts, completely smoked during uncontrolled smoking (figure 4).

The dose (microdose) of smoking reduction was 1/4 part of one conditional division on a cigarette, which is 1/16 part or 6.25% of the entire cigarette smoked.

The burning time during smoking of this under-smoked dose is 15 seconds, therefore, according to the proposed method, the smoker should reduce the number of cigarettes smoked with each smoke immediately by stopping smoking (smoke) - at the time of temporary independence, which is also due to a causal relationship with the technical result achieved - effective and high-quality smoking cessation.

This example (figure 5) is shown when conditionally smoking only one cigarette. The following smoking during controlled smoking of a cigarette can give a different result of a microdose of smoking reduction (more or less) than in the example of Fig. 5, typical for the initial stage of smoking reduction by the proposed method, equal in dose reduction, tentatively, to the total doses of several initial days of smoking reduction .

10.2.1. Graphical Analysis Comment

In the examples of FIGS. 4 and 5, essentially, a graphical comparative analysis of two directly opposite methods of smoking achieved by the technical results is given.

The first (figure 4) - the method of well-known uncontrolled smoking according to the reflex "end of the cigarette - end of smoking" leads to dependence on smoking with the dynamics of acceleration (increasing).

The second (figure 5) - controlled smoking method (new, proposed) allows you to direct the smoking process with the first method of uncontrolled smoking in the opposite direction (back) with the dynamics of accelerating decline.

If with the first known method the dependence (smoking intensity) of up to 30 cigarettes per day (1.5 packs) is achieved on average over a 30-year period of smoking (360 months).

In the second, proposed method, the decrease in dependence (smoking intensity) from 30 cigarettes per day ~ to 0 was achieved on average in 2 months, i.e. 180 times faster (360: 2).

Thus, if the acceleration of smoking growth and dependence on it (intensity) with the known uncontrolled smoking method is expressed through an arithmetic progression, then the acceleration of the decrease in smoking and dependence on it (intensity) with the new controlled smoking method will be expressed through a geometric progression.

As follows from the above calculation, with controlled smoking, the acceleration of smoking decrease increases exponentially and is 180 times faster than the acceleration of smoking increase with uncontrolled smoking, which proceeds according to arithmetic progression. As a smoker, such a rapid decline is perceived visually as an inexplicable acceleration effect, acting on him as a fantastic means of instilling the inevitable success of the intended goal of stopping smoking. Of course, such a factor, observed by the smoker visually, is an effective accompanying therapy, which is causally related to the achieved technical result - an effective reduction in smoking, and therefore is included in the claims as an essential feature.

However, the absolute average value of the decrease in smoking in terms of one cigarette will be at the initial stage of using the proposed controlled method of smoking on average:

- in one day - 0.833 mm (50 mm: 60 days);

- for one cigarette - 0.027 mm (0.833: 30 pcs.).

As you can see, it is not possible to graphically depict the absolute microdose of reducing the amount of smoked for 1 smoke break. Therefore, figure 5 graphically depicts the dose (no longer microdose!) Of smoking reduction (3 mm), which was achieved a few days after the start of controlled smoking by the proposed method.

Such a swiftness in reducing the dose of smoking and dependence on it is explained by the fact that between the two interrelated parameters of the controlled smoking method, an “equal sign” should be put: a decrease in dependence as a result of a decrease in the dose of smoking with a dynamics of accelerating the decrease exponentially

“... and the accompanying therapy is provided by observing the effect of accelerating the increase in time from the moment of the onset of the sensation of satiety with smoking and its conscious cessation until the onset of the“ start smoking ”reflex.

Essentially, there is an increase in the time between breaks - a sign of a decrease in the intensity of smoking, which is an indicator of a decrease in smoking dependence.

The effect of increasing the time between smoke breaks is essentially the effect of reducing the dependence on smoking, which, in turn, is a consequence of a decrease in the dose of smoking - the amount of cigarettes smoked for each smoke break (observed by the smoker visually in the dynamics of decrease in geometric progression according to the average daily dose reduction).

On the one hand, the absence of any efforts to ensure the effect (smoking at will!), On the other hand, the rapid observation of a decrease in the dose of smoking exponentially! it gives the smoker a sense of the fantastic “action” of the “effect” that is inexplicable and has a strong effect of suggesting the inevitability of achieving the goal set by the smoker - quitting smoking. This action is constantly growing along with the observed effect of reducing smoking exponentially. And therefore, the effect of visual observation of such a successful productive picture is many times stronger, more effective and better than verbal self-hypnosis in a known way, where only the smoker's desire is illusory as real.

The rationale for the strength and quality of the effect accompanying self-hypnosis of smoking reduction results is given above.

And what is the mechanism of such an effect?

This is a synergistic effect (the effect of joint action) of the following parameters of the proposed method, provided for by its conditions before deciding to quit smoking by the method of smoking cessation:

- form a powerful motivation to quit smoking;

- form a favorable psychological background (calm atmosphere, mood, which provides to a decisive extent the “Instruction for the use of smoking cessation method”, which regulates:

- smoking reduction process):

- by the term of complete, permanent cessation of smoking;

- the comfort of the process;

- by availability;

- according to the main condition: according to the attractiveness of the course of smoking reduction, which none of the known ways to quit smoking offers: you want to quit smoking, smoke as much as you want!

Further, it follows from the formula that the dosed smoking reduction is continued “until the threshold for smoking is overcome”. It is this time that the measured reduction in smoking ends - overcoming the “threshold” of dependence on smoking. Essentially, the smoker from the state of the 2nd “threshold” dependence passes into the state of the initial 1st “threshold” dependence on smoking. Having reached this level of dependence (by the time of onset, a long feeling of satiety by smoking ...), the smoker is able to stop smoking. Residual effects of addiction - episodic weakening urges to smoke are easily suppressed until they are completely extinguished.

Why does the method provide such quantitative and temporary “boundaries” of dosed smoking reduction, stopping it “beyond the threshold” of dependence on it?

As the practice of using this method shows, a person who smokes for a long time after stopping smoking for a long time (a year or more) continues to fade away from smoking, which is still present in it as a residual phenomenon, possibly at a subconscious and (or) cellular level. But such a residual dependence - “beyond the threshold” - a person is able (in power) to suppress as a result, stopping smoking - the reason. And he, having overcome the “threshold” of dependence (having exceeded the threshold), stops smoking.

This symptom ensures the cessation of smoking as soon as possible, and therefore, effectively stop smoking, and is in a causal relationship with the achieved technical result: "effective cessation of smoking."

10.2.2. Mathematical method analysis

In the foregoing (section 10.2.1.) Graphical analysis and comments on it, a visual explanation of the invention is presented by comparing two oppositely directed processes (methods) of smoking with different dynamics of acceleration.

The magnitude of this difference is two-fold and is due to the achieved technical result - an effective reduction and cessation, in the long run, of smoking.

It is impossible to express and justify the dynamics of the acceleration of the process, in particular, the reduction of smoking and dependence on it, proceeding in geometric progression, using the example of graphical comparative analysis (Figs. 4, 5).

To clarify the essence of the invention, the most clearly substantiate the dynamics of accelerating the reduction of smoking with a two-hundred-fold difference is possible only by mathematical means.

However, in the formulas below, the author of the invention does not consider the contained functions as specific quantitative, non-obvious, analytically identified, but actually providing the obtained technical result from their joint action.

If you express the parameters of the smoking method through mathematical symbols, then they form equality with visual functional relationships, with the dynamics of acceleration.

1. In uncontrolled smoking, the dynamics of accelerating the growth of smoking intensity proceeds according to arithmetic progression:

Kb = (Dp + ppm) n, where:

Kb - uncontrolled smoking;

Dr - the dose of a single smoking (one cigarette);

md - microdose of the growth of one-time smoking (shown with the “+” sign (plus), directly affects the growth of “Dp” and “Kb” with growth of n;

n - the intensity of smoking (averaged) and is expressed by a specific absolute number.

In the considered example, the intensity of smoking (1.5 packs - 30 cigarettes per day) is achieved, as you know, after 30 years of smoking.

Therefore, the growth dynamics of dependence was, in average terms, 1 cigarette for 1 year due to:

- an increase in the microdose of one-time smoking (with the “+” sign);

- increasing the intensity of smoking (smoke breaks) one-time and their absolute number.

2. With a controlled method of smoking, the dynamics of a decrease in the intensity of smoking proceeds exponentially:

where Kk - controlled smoking ;

Dr - the dose of smoking (less than one cigarette);

IPC - smoking cessation motivation;

md - a microdose to reduce one-time smoking (shown conditionally);

n - the intensity of single smoking and the absolute number;

Tc - accompanying therapy.

From the mathematical formula it is seen that the reduction of smoking CC exponentially provides due to the simultaneous joint action of the conditions of the method of cessation of smoking:

1. Mpc - motivation for smoking cessation, by which, before starting smoking, the method forms a favorable psycho-emotional background and an attitude to reduce smoking.

The results of the practical use of the invention - the “method of cessation of smoking” allow us to conclude that the effect of the conditions of motivation Mpk initially reduces the parameters by several times:

1.1. Kk - controlled smoking, initially determines the need for each one-time smoking;

1.2. Dr - the dose of one-time smoking;

1.3. Increases MDR (the microdose of decreasing one-time smoking), the most characteristic for the initial stage of smoking cessation by the method, since after a few days of controlled smoking it (microdose) increases tenfold in relation to the initial value, after 30 days it reaches half the total cigarette;

1.4. Accordingly, reducing the consumed dose required by the smoker's body to the remaining half of the cigarette.

After 60 days from the date of smoking onset, the smoker has a constant or very long-lasting feeling of satiety with smoking. That is, the smoker thereby overcame the "threshold" of dependence on smoking, which provides the opportunity to stop smoking constantly.

2.d. - dose reduction of one-time smoking. This condition of the “Controlled smoking method” is shown with a sign - (minus) and directly affects the reduction:

2.1. Dr - doses of single smoking, being an integral part of this dose (dr);

2.2. n - smoking intensity and its absolute number;

2.3. Kk - in general, on controlled smoking as dependence on it, gradually reducing it to ~ zero, the “threshold” of dependence, ensuring its complete cessation.

3. n - smoking intensity as an indicator of dependence on it over time and an indicator of the absolute number of one-time smokers (smoke breaks).

n - as a "passive" function, however, its reduction affects the decrease:

3.1. Dr. R. - dose reduction single smoking;

3.2. Dr - the dose of one-time smoking;

3.3. QC is generally controlled smoking.

4. TC - accompanying therapy - provide observation of the effect of accelerating the increase in time between breaks to overcome the "threshold" of dependence on smoking.

Of the above functional relationships of the smoking cessation method, all conditions simultaneously work together, providing a reduction in smoking, with an acceleration in geometric progression:

1. M p.k. - repeatedly reduces the parameters: according to items 1.1, 1.2, 1.3.

2.d. - directly reduces the parameters: according to clauses 2.1, 2.2, 2.3.

3. n - reduces parameters: according to items 3.1, 3.2, 3.3.

From a comparative analysis of the two smoking methods, it is known (see clause 10.2.1 of this application) that dependence on uncontrolled smoking (regular smoking) of 1.5 packs (30 cigarettes) per day, obtained during 30-year continuous smoking, According to the proposed method of controlled smoking, it stops in 60 days, which is 180 times faster.

In fact, the result of such a rapid acceleration of smoking cessation is the effect of the combined action of many interrelated conditions of the smoking cessation method - a synergistic effect.

The interrelated conditions of the proposed method are not obvious: they are identified analytically. Only the effect of a rapid decrease in smoking is obvious: at the same time, the following decrease:

- the dose of a single smoking, per day, for example;

- smoking intensity: the time between breaks increases with acceleration;

- the number of one-time smoking (per day, for example) decreases with acceleration;

- In general, the number of cigarettes smoked (per day, for example) decreases with acceleration.

Therefore, a smoker who has made almost no effort to reduce smoking (every time he smokes before the occurrence of satiety by smoking) is not able to explain the ongoing changes in the rapid decline in smoking.

The explanation for this effect of the accompanying therapy of the effect observed by the smoker is as follows.

The smoker, having carefully studied the “Method of smoking cessation” (instructions for the method), the conditions of its course, is convinced of its high efficiency and quality and makes a decision to stop smoking using the invention - this method.

During use, the method really provided the effect of accelerating the reduction in smoking, which is growing rapidly, constantly, as declared in the "Instructions".

Thus, the observation of accelerated, rapid decline in smoking daily, weekly, constantly inspires the smoker with confidence in the outcome, mobilizing his consciousness and will to complete the intended goal of quitting smoking and thus provides real and actual accompanying therapy during smoking reduction to overcome the “threshold” of dependence on him and his complete permanent termination.

11. The implementation of the method of cessation of smoking

11.1. General conditions for implementing the method

Smoking cessation occurs (proceeds) in the reverse order to smoking addiction, figuratively speaking, it is a mirror image of addiction, but hundreds of times faster.

The so-called “time scale” for smoking cessation according to this method is empirically defined. For every 5 years of continuous smoking (and addiction), an average of 10 days of controlled smoking (weaning) will be required to achieve and overcome the “threshold” of dependence on it and its complete and constant cessation.

The first thing that needs to be changed for a smoker who has decided to get rid of a bad habit is the conditions under which he will stop smoking in a controlled way.

Ideally, the smoking cessation process should proceed under the conditions of a favorable psychological background: the chosen place, time, at least for the initial stage of the process, should be in a calm atmosphere. This condition alone will provide a significant reduction in smoking intensity in the very first days of the process, which will be seen by the number of cigarettes smoked per day. A decrease in smoked smoke is an indicator of a decrease in dependence on it.

For smokers with an unstable psyche, mainly with a large “experience” of smoking, for example, it is shown to devote a vacation to such an important event in his life. This is ideally in which smoking cessation is possible with the highest efficiency (in a shorter time) and quality (without relapse (resumption) of smoking).

Among the general prerequisites is the presence, in its decision, of a conscious motivation to stop smoking. Depending on the social status, age, gender, health, such motivation may be, for example:

- the desire to qualitatively change life;

- the desire to maintain health, extend life;

- the desire to have a healthy offspring, to instill in him a healthy lifestyle;

- succeed in creating a career, results in studies, sports, etc.

The person dependent on smoking decided on the long-awaited and therefore important change in his life, which he had long conceived, but was unable to cope with on his own. Now, using the simple, accessible rules on the “Way to Stop Smoking”, he can easily, in his usual conditions, without the feeling of discomfort, be able to get rid of his bad habit, which has poisoned his life for so long.

Among the general conditions, the smoker also needs to know a simple (and basic!) Condition for this method of quitting smoking: during the whole time, the decrease in craving for smoking will proceed comfortably. Still, a person smokes when he wants and how much he wants and at the same time the craving (dependence) for smoking decreases day by day: paradoxically! What other well-known method can a person offer such an effective, high-quality and comfortable smoking cessation.

The smoking cessation process according to the method can be divided into three stages: initial, secondary and final. At each stage, it is necessary to comply with several consistent rules that ensure effective and high-quality cessation of smoking.

11.2. The first stage of smoking reduction

1. The mode of initiation of smoking: smoke, as usual, any acceptable brand of cigarettes in the usual mode (puff, half puff, etc.).

2. They begin to smoke (smoke) only when they really feel such a need, and not because someone nearby lit a cigarette or started an interesting conversation.

3. Do not combine smoking (smoke break) with other important matters, conversations, reading, TV, etc.

4. The smoker must constantly remember that he now lives in a “special” mode, in a mode of his own smoking controlled by himself! He puts everything aside and engages only in smoking, if he really wanted to, without a doubt. Smoking in this period of time for him (smoking time) is like a prayer for a true believer!

5. But as soon as he felt that he was smoked (by the sensation of satiation with smoking) so much that he could stop smoking, he should stop without hesitation and delay, although even one puff remained until the end of the cigarette! There is no reason for hesitation: no one will bother to start the next smoke break when it wants to.

6. The well-known rule of moderate nutrition can be attributed to the termination rules with good reason: a well-mannered person rises from the table with a feeling of slight hunger.

The smoker should not be afraid of this feeling of “slight hunger” with controlled smoking by the method of stopping it.

If such situations are created that circumstances begin to interrupt him at the beginning of smoking, one does not have to eagerly document it, as is often done with regular uncontrolled smoking. After a few minutes in a relaxed atmosphere, you will document your dose slowly and even with pleasure.

The non-smoked cigarette is not thrown away, but collected and stored to account for the daily dose of smoked and reminders with each smoke break “about the special regime” of controlled smoking. Such accounting of smoked per day allows you to observe the results of a decrease in smoking and its intensity.

Already at the end of the first day of smoking in a new way: under the control of one’s own consciousness (through one’s own sensations “smoked”), it’s not without special pleasure that one smokes less, even for half a cigarette: after 60 days of such a decrease with a daily dose of 1.5 packs of smoking will cease by itself without any effort! Therefore, at the end of the first day of controlled smoking in a new way, the smoker will feel that his plan will work out!

After a few days of such controlled smoking, they see that smoking intensity has noticeably decreased. And this means that on the same day they began to smoke much less! And for this, the smoker made almost no effort: not limiting himself in the desire to smoke, and therefore discomfort did not oppress him. What could be encouraging for a heavy smoker! Therefore, a smoker observes the results of a decrease in the intensity (dependence on smoking) of smoking, as well as a decrease in single doses of smoking (a cigarette is smoked much less when there is a feeling of satiety with smoking and it is deliberately stopped) with undisguised pleasure!

A new way of controlled smoking really works: the need (craving) for smoking is reduced continuously: daily!

The first ten days of controlled smoking have passed.

The smoker began to smoke noticeably less: a feeling of satiety with smoking occurs already on 2/3 of the smoked cigarettes and smoking is stopped, and the intensity of smoking has more than halved.

The condition has noticeably improved: there was a feeling of a constant surge of energy and some incomprehensible, also constant vigor, working capacity, a surge of vitality.

Confidence of approaching and the coming of complete elimination of one's bad habit is felt really: the results of a decrease in craving for smoking are observed not every day, but much more often, and more and more every day! So, the dream comes true and you can change your life: it will be better, fuller, happier. You can finally avert a real threat to your health, life.

This, perhaps, should draw a "conditional" line under the "conditional" first stage of smoking reduction through the use of a new method of controlled smoking.

11.3. Second stage of smoking reduction

On the “wave” of success, you will want to force (speed up) the approach of getting rid of smoking and dependence on it. Perhaps you would be able to do this with the help of your spiritual ascent. But such forcing does not ensure the quality of smoking cessation results (“removing” the smoker’s dependence on smoking, received by him and all those present in it, for example, the period of 30-year uncontrolled unconscious smoking).

Of course, such a long period of smoking and the resulting dependence of the psyche on smoking could not but leave an “imprint” at the cellular or subconscious level. Therefore, the task of the method of stopping smoking: as long as possible (gradually), by microdose, to reduce smoking in the “lengths” of the smoker's psyche for periods of time - the duration of the smoker's independence from smoking, thereby reducing the effect of smoking - depending on it.

Injury to the smoking-dependent psyche by forced cessation of smoking, as is known, leads to an inevitable relapse of smoking (at the “demand” of the unresolved dependence of the psyche on smoking) due to a causal relationship.

It is possible that in the future, with “temptations”, with a sufficiently long stay in a specific environment where someone smokes, on vacation, where everyone is “relaxed”, a provocation of relapse to smoking arises as a result of such forced cessation of smoking.

By the middle of the second stage of smoking reduction, they already see that the next need to smoke is satisfied by half a cigarette and with the onset of the feeling of “smoking” they stop smoking.

The remaining half of the cigarette is gently extinguished and ... return it to the pack. This rule is based on several reasons:

- she, the remaining half of the cigarette, reminds the smoker “of a special controlled smoking regimen”;

- it is a measure of the results of smoking reduction both in a single smoked dose and in reducing the intensity of smoking (depending on it);

- Many of the smokers, according to the conditions of smoking reduction (environment, environment, place, and finally, aesthetic ideas), can use half-smoked cigarettes for subsequent breaks.

Such a rule of controlled smoking provides higher efficiency and quality of smoking cessation, accelerating its reduction: a feeling of satiation with smoking by this rule comes noticeably faster, the dose of smoking is noticeably reduced (it is not so pleasant to smoke!).

This rule all the more provides additional effectiveness, since in the future the dose of one-time smoking will decrease with acceleration and amount to from 1/3 of a cigarette, for example, to several puffs.

By the end of the second stage of smoking reduction, the onset of the need for smoking (feeling "smoked") satisfies 1/3 of the cigarettes or less.

The time of the onset of another smoke breaks up to 1.5-2 hours.

The smoker begins to feel that he is in a “new” state: as if he begins to forget about smoking for as long as 2 hours, which had not happened before. With such a “reserve” of time for independence from smoking, the smoker leaves on business (for a time within the “reserve”) without cigarettes!

Such attempts to “tear oneself away” from cigarettes (smoking) are associated with a smoker with a chick flying out of the nest for a test of strength, so that, gaining strength and gaining strength, it will forever fly out towards freedom.

According to the results of the second stage of smoking cessation (in terms of its course), it is clear that the decrease in smoking proceeds more rapidly than in the average expected terms. For ten days, each stage, instead of the expected twenty, in accordance with previous practice of checking (testing) the method of smoking cessation, for smokers with an “experience” of smoking for about 30 years.

However, such an accelerated result should be considered the norm. After all, the main criterion for controlled smoking is the consciousness of the person himself, his psycho-emotional state, which cannot always be manifested in the same way and change depending on internal factors and the environment.

Therefore, another smoker with a similar “experience” of smoking, taking into account its conditions for the cessation of smoking, will meet the standard 60 days or even a little more.

In fact, a person dependent on smoking is a sick person, and this method of stopping smoking (and dependence on it) is a method of treating a disease that occurs in different people differently, including in terms of cure.

11.4. Third (final) stage of smoking reduction

The smoking cessation conditions, controlled by the rules of the smoking cessation method, are simple and, in essence, brief.

But due to the dynamism of the smoking process, its conditions are rapidly changing, which must be brought to the attention of the smoker - the material object by the method (then cigarette and smoke from it are a material means of influencing this object).

The purpose of this section is to cover these changes, if possible, in the new controlled smoking environment and, using examples of observation and commenting on the 3 conditional stages of smoking, bring them to the smoker's mind in detail.

And finally, justify the efficiency of the proposed method in any conditions.

According to the prevailing conditions for controlled smoking, it is clear that the smoker has reached the final stage of smoking and after the last ten days has reached the minimum thirty for this “experience” of smoking (30 years), he will overcome the “threshold” for smoking and completely stop it, although I felt ready to do it before. But this use of the method of smoking cessation is essentially a course of treatment for smoking addiction and it is necessary to undergo it in full (minimum) volume in order to exclude the possibility of smoking relapse in the future.

Such successes are ensured by the following conditions:

- the age of the smoker is relatively small - 48 years;

- before starting to use the method, powerful motivation was provided, reinforced by the conditions of this method for practical examples of the implementation of the method, in particular, the author of this invention - a method for quitting smoking;

- calm, equal conditions for the cessation of smoking: during vacation, in the usual conditions, in spring and summer, spending time mainly in the garden (cottage) all month. Therefore, the psychological background was ideally formed in an even atmosphere, mood, environment, without feasts, alcohol.

By the way, about the likelihood of drinking alcohol (forced!) During the period of using the method of stopping smoking, for example, if it is necessary to celebrate a wedding or birthday?

Answer: there is an effective and high-quality way to stop smoking in order to work in such conditions. But the sense of proportion and control of smoking must be maintained, as in the usual mode: when you really wanted to smoke, smoke, but when you feel that you are so full that you can stop smoking, extinguish the cigarette until the next break.

What to do, for example, if smoking is already completely stopped, and after a week, another intolerably wanted to smoke?

Well, start the “next” stage of smoking according to the same rules. Smoke as much as you want, but when you feel satiated with smoking (smoking), stop smoking until the next time. Perhaps she will not come.

An example from the author’s own practice of smoking cessation of the author of this invention.

He went through all these stages of smoking cessation, overcame the “threshold” of addiction, felt that he had the power to stop smoking altogether, and stopped it. A few days later I began to feel a growing "itch": I wanted to smoke, but I was afraid that the smoking habit would resume (after 9 years of smoking, I stopped the addiction after 10 days using a truly controlled method of smoking: I quit early). However, he decided to smoke. It seemed I would smoke a few cigarettes in a row! But he inhaled only once: the taste of smoke seemed so disgusting that smoking immediately got sick. I was delighted with this reaction: I calmed down internally and realized that I could no longer take cigarettes in my mouth. After all, the craving for smoking has really died away. For about a year now, from time to time, especially after the feast, I felt somewhere deeply (in the subconscious?) A desire to smoke. But, remembering the relapse of smoking extinguished by one puff, he reacted to them as distant peals of the thunder of a passing thunderstorm: it would soon disappear.

12. The technical result

12.1. Effective Smoking Cessation

The main technical result achieved is the effective cessation of smoking (and dependence on it) in a very short time: up to 1 - 2 months according to the dependence of the smoker.

But, taking into account the multiple higher level, in comparison with the known analogues in their field, the level of the invented method, those wishing to stop smoking with its use is expected optimistically. Similar forecasts are confirmed by WHO data: smoking is spreading with a dynamic of acceleration. The number of smokers around the globe has reached one and a half billion. That once again convinces of the inefficiency, inoperability and low quality of the known analogues, based, ultimately, on the forcible loading of the psyche and the entire central nervous system of the smoker to achieve a technical result.

At the heart of the invented method of smoking cessation is a detailed study of the conditions of the course (process) of smoking in the relationship, in sequence, in time. Analysis of the considered conditions in a causal connection with the achieved technical result revealed both the causes of the "dead end" results of the centuries-old struggle of a person with smoking, and justified the technical result obtained as a result of using the proposed method.

However, the basis of the mechanism of the effectiveness of the method: the same and at the same time provides such a result a dozen critical conditions. The result of such simultaneous action of many conditions (parameters) is a synergistic effect (the effect of joint action!).

From the following main list of smoking cessation conditions for the proposed method, it is highly likely that each smoker with a different social status, gender, age, etc. will find at least a few conditions for smoking cessation and dependence on him to be attractive and will choose the proposed method.

And this involves the massive use of the method around the world, taking into account the capabilities of the media, the will of WHO, minimal advertising efforts and, finally, the motivation to get rid of smoking by people themselves who suffer from this harmful and dangerous habit.

The main conditions for smoking cessation by the proposed method, they are provided:

but. Powerful motivation to quit smoking;

b. Favorable psychological background (calm atmosphere, mood, which ensures to a decisive extent the achievement of a technical result;

at. The instruction for use of the “Method of smoking cessation and dependence on it” (given essentially in section 11 (clauses 11.1-11.3) of the description) governs:

in 1. process (course) of smoking reduction;

in 2. the duration of the smoking reduction process until cessation;

in 3. the comfort of the process of smoking reduction until complete permanent cessation;

at 4. the availability of the proposed method;

at 5. attractiveness is the main, main condition for the course of smoking reduction until it fades out and completely stops according to a completely paradoxical principle:

Want to quit smoking, smoke as much as you want!

12.2. Smoking cessation quality

As follows from the results of using the known methods of smoking cessation, all of them were based on violent, as well as unreasonable, from the point of view of causal relationship, dosed reduction of smoking, its cessation in a person dependent on smoking. In the relevant sections of this application, reasoned justifications for the impossibility of forcibly quitting smoking by a dependent smoker are carried out by virtue of appropriate causal relationships.

The consequence of such violent (low-quality) smoking cessation by known (non-working) methods is a relapse into craving for smoking with even more serious consequences of accelerated smoking dynamics and dependence on it.

Section 7.2. of the present application during the analysis of the causal relationship of the 2nd (“threshold”) stage of smoking addiction, the author of this invention substantiated reasonably that effective and high-quality cessation of smoking at this stage is impossible due to the transition of the addiction state to a qualitatively new form with the corresponding transition of links chain of causal relationship with the 1st stage of dependence - in the 2nd stage (see figure 1, 2) in the form of a closed circuit.

12.3. Other technical (positive) result

It is well known to the WHO that the number of smokers, and therefore people suffering from smoking in the world, is 1.5 billion people.

In Russia, for example, with a population of 300 million people, in 2005, 400 thousand people died from diseases associated with smoking, i.e. 1.5% of the total. Even if we take this percentage of the number of smokers in the world, we get a shocking figure - 22.5 million people (1.5 billion × 1.5%).

It is known what a huge "machine" and colossal funds are involved in the efforts of mankind, called figuratively "the fight against smoking." To tear out from the hands of such an insidious killer of these people, some of them just starting to smoke, in the "strength" the proposed "Method of smoking cessation."

In connection with the WHO recognition of smoking as a drug addiction (see above), in essence, at the scientific level, the analogy of dependence on these types of drug addiction is recognized.

The causal relationship established in the basis of the invented method in the state of the second “threshold” stage of dependence on smoking, as a type of drug addiction, is therefore true for the corresponding (insurmountable) stage of dependence on drug addiction in general.

Therefore, the proposed method for stopping smoking as a way to stop dependence on it can be used as an effective and high-quality way to stop (treat) a drug-dependent state (addiction).

Given that, in contrast to smoking, it is much simpler and more technologically advanced to carry out a metered (microdosed) reduction in drug use (injected intravenously, for example, or in tablets), which is provided by the stage of preparation for their production and packaging in an automatic cycle. The expected technical result from the use of the method of cessation (treatment) of drug addiction in general is no less than when stopping smoking, as drug addiction.

In this case, we apply the principle well-known not only in homeopathy: like treat like. This principle is better known as a way to stop alcohol hangover.

Although the potential "patients" themselves in practice prove the possibility of expanding the functionality of the use of the method, with the use of substitution: they use a different drug by availability.

Due to the law of causation, the state of the second “threshold” stage of dependence on smoking, both drug addiction and drug addiction, is generally characterized by the identity of a causal chain (see Fig. 3). Therefore, it is logical to assert about the corresponding technical result obtained: effective and high-quality cessation of drug addiction in general, as a consequence of the totality of the signs and their relationship in the claims “Method of smoking cessation” as a form of addiction.

Implementation of the proposed method in the framework of the termination (treatment) of the drug-dependent state in general (drug addiction) is possible with scientific support at the level of the country's healthcare industry, scientists - drug treatment specialists, based on the developed qualified methods of withdrawal (treatment) from the drug-dependent state with its subsequent termination in stationary conditions .

Under these conditions, this information, which may limit the scope of use of the proposed “Smoking Cessation Method”, is not included in the relevant sections of the application and method description, for example: “name”, “industry area”, “destination”, “abstract”. The method is ready for use in large quantities with minimal time, money, efforts of goodwill of the world community, the media.

Claims (1)

A method of cessation of smoking, including dosed smoking reduction, characterized in that the dosed smoking reduction is carried out by stopping it when there is a feeling of satiety when smoking a cigarette - the onset of a period of "temporary independence from smoking", while self-hypnosis is achieved to achieve the desired result - smoking reduction - by taking into account the dose of smoked cigarettes, for which unfinished cigarettes are stored, as well as by observing the increase in time from the moment the “temporary independent” period possessions from smoking ”until the desire to smoke appears, that is, until the“ start smoking ”reflex is in effect, and before using the method and until a long sensation of satiety occurs with the possibility of conscious suppression of the“ start smoking ”reflex — that is, until“ overcoming the threshold of dependence on smoking ”- a favorable psycho-emotional background is formed in the smoker by creating confidence in the success of smoking cessation.

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