RU2330211C1 - Reduction gear lubrication system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: system is intended for lubrication of bearings and multi-step reduction gear wheels. The system consists of engaged gear wheels fitted on shafts and running in bearings arranged in the housing with an oil reservoir. The driven gear wheel teeth are submerged in the said reservoir. The housing is furnished with partitions and chutes on its upper part. The partitions are arranged directly above the wheels gearing area. The chutes are located below the said partitions and communicate, via troughs, with the feed channels arranged in the housing upper part and directed towards the shaft bearings. Above all gear wheels in the housing lower part, oil reservoirs are arranged communicating, via drain ducts, with shafts bearings. In the inner space of, at least, one gear wheel an oil thrower can be arranged made as a bent pipe or a screen communicating, via the feed channel, with the nearest shaft bearing.

EFFECT: compact lubricating system with a directed oil feed to lubrication points.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and relates to lubrication systems for bearings and gears of multi-stage gearboxes.

A device is known for supplying lubricant to a gearbox made in the form of an oil reservoir, the lower part of the housing of which is filled with oil, with an oil-feeding disk located in it and immersed in oil, mounted on its own bearing and electromagnetically connected to magnets located on the rotating shaft of the drive, and in the housing oil reservoir fixed magnet, which creates a braking torque on the disk [1].

The disadvantage of this device is the design complexity and a small amount of oil supplied to the grease.

A known lubrication system, taken as a prototype, used in a traction gearbox containing a housing with an oil bath, a gear wheel and gear, on the shafts of which bearings and seals are installed, the main and additional baffles between the oil bath and the gear and wheel gears, and a groove installed in the upper part of the housing above the gear from the side of the seal of the gear shaft with a slope to its side, and the main partition is installed directly at the meshing side of the seal of the gear shaft, and its width is made less than the width of the housing, and an additional partition is located at the end of the main partition tangentially to the gear [2].

The disadvantage of this lubrication system is that the oil captured by the troughs does not enter the bearings and the gearing area of the gears, especially when the gear is immersed in oil clockwise, as squeezing in the engagement zone, the oil is sprayed onto the walls and does not fall into the gutters. This lubrication system is all the more unsuitable for a multi-stage gearbox, since lubrication does not enter the gear engagement zones and bearings of the second and subsequent stages at the initial moment, and only a small amount of oil will flow during gear operation.

The technical result of the invention is the creation of a compact and reliable lubrication system for a multi-stage gearbox with directional oil supply to the lubrication points of bearings and gears.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the lubrication system of the gearbox, consisting of gears mounted in gears, mounted in the housing on shafts and bearings, containing an oil bath, a driven gear wheel immersed in the teeth, partitions and grooves mounted on the upper part of the housing, the partitions are installed directly above the gearing zones, the gutters are located under the partitions and through the trays are connected to the feed channels made in the upper part of the housing and directed to the bearings of the shafts, under all gears, oil baths are installed, which are made in the lower part of the housing by drainage channels connected to the bearings of the shafts, and in the inner cavity of at least one of the gears an oil sump made in the form of a curved tube or screen can be placed while it is installed on the upper part of the housing and is connected by a feed channel to the nearest shaft bearing.

The lubrication system is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a General view of the lubrication system in longitudinal section of a two-stage gearbox; figure 2 is a section aa, figure 1; figure 3 is a section bB, figure 1; figure 4 is a section bb, figure 1.

The lubrication system of the gearbox contains (Fig. 1) an oil bath 2 filled with liquid grease (oil) 1, a driven gear wheel 3, troughs 4, 5, trays 6, 7, feed channels 8, 9, 10, made in the upper parts of the gearbox and directed to the bearings 11-16 of the shafts 17, 18, 19, on which the gears are mounted respectively: driven 3, intermediate 20, 21 and drive 22 mounted on the upper part of the gear housing 23 of the oil sump 24, partitions 25, 26 (FIG. .2-4). The oil bath 2 is located in the lower part of the housing 23, and the grooves 4, 5 and partitions 25, 26 are installed in its upper part, namely: the partition 25 directly above the gearing zone of the gears 3 and 20, and the partition 26 - directly above the gearing zone of the gears wheels 21 and 22. In this case, the groove 4 is located under the partition 25, and the groove 5 is under the partition 26.

The oil collector 24, which may be in the form of a curved tube or screen, is placed (Fig. 3) in the inner cavity 27 of the intermediate gear wheel 21, which is meshed with the drive gear 22, while the oil collector 24 is mounted on the upper part of the housing 23 and is connected feed channel 9 with the closest bearing 14 of the shaft 18.

The groove 4 through the trays 6 is connected to the feed channels 8 and 9, and the groove 5 through the trays 7 is connected to the feed channel 10, which are made in the upper part of the housing 23 and are directed to the bearings 11-16 of the shafts 17-19. When this drain 28 on one side of the groove 6 is directed (figure 1, 2) to the inlet of the feed channel 8, and the drain 29 from the other end of the tray 6 is directed to the inlet of the feed channel 9. The drain 30 of the tray 7 is directed to the inlet of the feed channel 10.

The lubrication system also contains drainage channels 31, 32, 33 (FIGS. 2, 3, 4) located in the lower part of the housing 23. Nutritious 8-10 and drainage channels 31-33 are special grooves in the housing 23, made near the locations bearings 11-16 of shafts 17-19.

To create favorable lubrication conditions for all gear wheels 3, 20, 21, 22 of the gearbox, oil baths 2, 34, 35, 36, respectively, are installed under them, which are connected to bearings 11-16 of the shafts 17-19, made in the lower part of the housing 23 by drainage channels 31-33. In the lower part (crankcase) of the housing 23 there is also a drain hole 37 with a threaded stopper 38 and a filler neck 39, which is closed by a stopper - probe 40.

The lubrication system operates as follows.

Oil 1 is poured into the lower part of the gear housing 23 through the neck 39, controlling its level in the oil bath 2 with the stopper-probe 40, which, after refueling, close the neck 39. In this case, the drain hole 37 must be closed by a threaded stopper 38.

The gears 3, 20, 21, 22 during gear operation are lubricated mainly by immersing (dipping) their teeth in oil baths 2, 34, 35, 36, as well as transferring oil 1 from the teeth of one gear wheel to the teeth of another during gearing. In addition, oil 1 is also deposited on the teeth, reflected from the walls of the housing 23 due to the spray of lubricant during rotation of the gears 3, 20-22.

The bearings 11-16 are lubricated with oil 1, which is sprayed inside the housing 23 from the oil baths 2, 34-36 during rotation of the gears 3, 20-22 (Fig. 1) and is deposited on the partitions 25, 26, grooves 4 and 5, and trays 6, 7 and the feed channels 8, 9, 10 flows into the bearings 11-16 of the shafts 17-19. From bearings 11-16 through the drainage channels 31, 32, 33, oil 1 flows into the oil baths 2, 34, 35, 36. Excess oil 1 in the oil baths enters the lower part of the gear housing 23.

In addition, the oil sump 24, capturing the oil from the inner cavity of the intermediate gear 21, feeds it through the feed channels 9 into the closest bearing 14 of the shaft 18 (Fig. 3).

This gearbox lubrication system is comprehensive. It uses several types of lubricant supply (dipping, spraying, local supply) by fully circulating it through all bearings and gears. The circulation is carried out by scooping and spraying grease from oil baths with gears and its flow through the grooves, trays and channels made in the gear housing. In this case, the supply of lubricant to the working areas of the bearings through the feed channels is accompanied by the drainage of lubricant into the baths through the drainage channels. The balance of the supply and drain of grease is regulated by the diameters of the holes of the feeding and drainage channels. The system works without the use of special pumps, which makes it simple and compact.

Information sources

1. SU, a.s. No. 495499, F16N 7/36, publ. 1975

2. SU, a.s. No. 1605080 A1, F16N 7/26, publ. 1990 g.

Claims (2)

1. The lubrication system of the gearbox, consisting of gears mounted in gears mounted in the housing on shafts and bearings, comprising an oil bath, a driven gear wheel immersed in the teeth, partitions and grooves mounted on the upper part of the housing, characterized in that the partitions are installed directly above the gearing zones of the gears, the gutters are located under the partitions and through the trays are connected to the feed channels made in the upper part of the housing and directed to the shaft bearings, under all bchatymi wheels oil baths installed, which formed in the bottom of the housing associated with drainage channels bearing shafts. 2. The gearbox lubrication system according to claim 1, characterized in that an oil collector made in the form of a curved tube or screen can be placed in the inner cavity of at least one of the gears, while it is mounted on the upper part of the housing and connected by a nutrient channel with the nearest shaft bearing.

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