RU2329954C1 - Flow electric activator of water - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological process.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to electrochemical treatment of water, which is used for irrigation of crops in systems of drop irrigation. Flow electric activator of water consists of casing, which is divided by partition into anode and cathode chambers with anodes and cathodes installed in them and equipped with nozzles for separate outlet of treated water with negative and positive potentials. Every anode and every cathode are made in the form of a row of hollow rectangular parallelepipeds, lateral sides of which are perforated and installed along casing by two rows in every chamber with gap between parallelepipeds in row of 0.5-1.0 mm. Distance between rows is determined by equations Q -ω V and ω = b·h, where Q - required flow of electric activator; V - rate of water flow through electric activator; ω - area of flow effective cross section, b - distance between rows of parallelepipeds; h - height of chamber, at that every parallelepiped of anode is connected to bus bar that carries positive potential, and every parallelepiped of cathode is connected to bus bar that carries negative potential.

EFFECT: regulation of oxidising-reducing properties of water for provision of possibility of biological activity increase and creation of optimal conditions for growing of crops in order to get maximum crop yield.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the electrochemical treatment of water used for drinking purposes, in industry, medicine, microelectronics, laser technology and for irrigation of crops in drip irrigation systems with regulation of redox properties to provide the possibility of increasing biological activity and optimal growing conditions of crops for getting maximum yield.

A known electrolyzer for water treatment, comprising a housing divided by a diaphragm into the anode and cathode chambers with perforated electrodes placed therein, pressed against the diaphragm, the surface of the electrodes facing the diaphragm is coated with an insulating material, and the perforation of the electrodes is made coaxially (SU, copyright certificate No. 882944).

The disadvantages of the known device include low productivity, the inability to obtain a continuous stream of activated water, as well as the inability to control the amount of water with negative and positive potential.

It is also known a device for electrochemical processing of liquid, containing a dielectric casing, divided by a diaphragm into the anode and cathode chambers with anode and cathode located in them, respectively, connected to a direct current source, while the electrode chambers are connected by a transfer channel, the input of which is located in the cathode chamber near it bottom near the diaphragm, and the exit is in the anode chamber at the upper edge of the electrode, and in the channel at its ends there are mesh electrodes connected to an additional source of constant so that the mesh electrode at the channel inlet is the cathode, and at the output it is the anode, and the negative pole of the additional current source is connected to the positive pole of the main current, and the transfer channel is made in the device case (SU, copyright certificate No. 1634643).

The disadvantages of this device include increased energy consumption for water treatment due to the fact that part of the energy is unproductively spent on electrolysis of the water layer located between the electrodes, the low productivity of the device, the inability to obtain a continuous stream of activated water, the inability to control the flow of water with negative and positive potential .

A known electrolyzer for water treatment, comprising a housing divided by a diaphragm into the anode and cathode chambers with the anode and cathode located in them, with vertical ribs installed on the surface of the electrodes from the side of the interelectrode space, pressing the diaphragm against the surface of the opposite electrode, and on the anode and cathode of the rib installed in alternating order and made of conductive material (SU, copyright certificate No. 1468867).

The disadvantages of this device include the design complexity, the inability to control the flow rate of water flowing through the cathode and anode chambers, and the creation of a given negative and positive potential of the supplied water for irrigation, as well as the possibility of mixing catholyte and anolyte in a predetermined proportion, providing optimal conditions for growth and plant development, as well as use for other purposes.

The closest analogue to the claimed object is an installation for electrochemical activation of irrigation water, mainly for drip irrigation systems, comprising a housing divided by partitions into anode and cathode chambers with anodes and cathodes placed in them, equipped with nozzles for separate removal of treated water with negative and positive potentials while the cathode and anode chambers are separated by semipermeable corrugations in the form of corrugations, made in a vertical plane with a height equal to p the distance between the cathode and the anode, while the cathode and anode chambers are placed in a dielectric housing and are equipped with a common water supply pipe, and the nozzles for draining water are equipped with valves for changing the flow rate of activated water (RU patent No. 2224722).

The disadvantages of this installation include the increased cost of electrical energy and the low efficiency of electrochemical processing due to the laminar flow of the treated water and insufficient contact of the flow particles with the electrodes.

The invention consists in the following.

The problem to which the invention is directed is to increase the efficiency of electrochemical water treatment and reduce energy consumption for processing.

The technical result is an increase in the biological activity of water and crop yields.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in a known flowing water electroactivator of water, comprising a housing divided by a partition into anode and cathode chambers with anodes and cathodes placed in them, equipped with nozzles for separate removal of treated water with negative and positive potential, with each anode and each the cathode is made in the form of a series of hollow rectangular parallelepipeds, the side faces of which are perforated and placed along the body, two rows in each chamber with a gap between the parallelepipeds Ipeds in a row 0.5-1.0 mm, and the distance between rows is determined by the equation Q = ωV and ω = b · h, where Q is the required flow rate of the electroactivator; V is the fluid velocity through the electroactivator; ω is the living cross-sectional area of the stream; b is the distance between the rows of parallelepipeds; h is the height of the chamber, each parallelepiped of the anode connected to a bus carrying a positive potential, and each parallelepiped of a cathode connected to a bus carrying a negative potential, due to the design of the anode and cathode in the form of a series of hollow rectangular parallelepipeds with perforated side faces, a large contact area is provided electrodes with treated water and the above technical result is achieved.

The analysis of the prior art by the applicant, including a search by patent and scientific and technical sources of information and identification of sources containing information about analogues of the claimed invention, allowed to establish that the applicant did not find an analogue characterized by features identical to all the essential features of the claimed invention.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the criterion of "novelty" under existing law.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

In Fig.1 shows a flowing water electroactivator - a longitudinal section along the axes of the inlet and outlet pipelines.

In Fig.2 - section A - A in Fig.1.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed invention are as follows.

Flowing water electroactivator consists of a rectangular housing 1 made of dielectric material. For supplying water to the electric activator, a supply pipe 2 is provided, equipped with a guide 3 made in the form of a pyramid.

The housing 1 is divided into two chambers in which electrodes 4 and 5 are installed, made in the form of a series of hollow rectangular parallelepipeds with perforated side faces. In each chamber, two rows of parallelepipeds are installed.

Each parallelepiped has a height h, and the distance between the rows of parallelepipeds is “b”.

The gap between the parallelepipeds in the row, established experimentally, is 0.5-1.0 mm, the distance between the rows of parallelepipeds "b" is determined depending on the required flow rate of the anolyte and catholyte from the flow equation used in hydraulics

where Q is the required flow rate of the electroactivator;

V is the fluid velocity through the electroactivator;

ω is the living cross-sectional area of the stream.

For our case, the living flow cross section is rectangular, therefore

ω = b

With drip irrigation of tomatoes per 1 ha of crops, 18,000 droppers are placed. The consumption of one dropper is 1.5 l / h, and for 1 ha of crops it is necessary to supply 27000 l / h of irrigation water or the flow rate through the electroactivator will be 7.5 l / s = 0.007 m ³ / s. To ensure that a given activation potential is obtained, the water velocity through the electroactivator should not exceed 2.5 m / s.

In this case, the living area

The height of the chamber should correspond to the nearest standard pipe diameter. The most widespread in drip irrigation as inlet and outlet pipelines were pipelines with a diameter of 50 mm, in this case the chamber height is 50 mm, and its width

Since the electroactivator has two chambers, the width of each will be 30 mm.

The anode and cathode chambers are separated by a semi-permeable partition 6 of microporous plastic.

For the removal of catholyte from the cathode chamber, a discharge pipe 7 with a valve 8 is provided, and for the removal of anolyte from the anode chamber, a pipe 9 with a valve 10 is provided. Perforation 11 is made on the side faces of the parallelepipeds. The housing 1 is closed from above by a cover 12 made of dielectric material. On the cover 12 there are tires 13 for supplying positive and negative potential. Tires are connected to each parallelepiped using conductors 14. Rectangular parallelepipeds of the anode and cathode are made of alloyed stainless steel.

Electroactivator works as follows.

Through the supply pipe 2, water is supplied to the housing 1, while the guide 3 distributes water into two streams that enter the chambers with electrodes 4, 5. Water passing between the electrodes 4, 5 and through the holes 11 receives a positive or negative potential. In this case, the electrodes 4 provide water with a positive charge and anolyte formation, and the electrodes 5 transmit a negative potential to water and form catholyte. Anolyte and catholyte are fed into the discharge pipes 7, 9, the flow rate through which is regulated by valves 8, 10.

The inclusion of a flowing electroactivator in the drip irrigation system allows for the supply of water with positive and negative potential, according to the water supply schedule and depending on the phase of development of cultivated plants.

Pre-emergence soil treatment with anolyte allows destroying pathogenic microbes and pests in the soil, which creates favorable conditions for the growth and development of cultivated plants, and watering the seedlings with catholyte increases the biological activity of plants and their productivity. It was experimentally established that the use of anolyte and catholyte in drip irrigation systems allows you to get environmentally friendly agricultural products and increase productivity by 30 ... 40%.

Claims (1)

A flowing water electroactivator containing a housing divided by a partition into the anode and cathode chambers with anodes and cathodes placed in them and equipped with nozzles for separate removal of treated water with negative and positive potentials, characterized in that each anode and each cathode are made in the form of a series of hollow rectangular parallelepipeds, the side faces of which are perforated and placed along the body in two rows in each chamber with a gap between the parallelepipeds in the row of 0.5-1.0 mm, and the distance between the rows of def calculated according to the equations Q = ω · V and ω = b · h, where Q is the required flow rate of the electroactivator; V is the velocity of water through the electroactivator; ω is the living cross-sectional area of the stream; b is the distance between the rows of parallelepipeds; h is the height of the chamber, each parallelepiped of the anode is connected to a bus carrying a positive potential, and each parallelepiped of a cathode is connected to a bus carrying a negative potential.

Images