RU2329797C1 - Method of mammal arachnoentomosis treatment and prevention and medical product for mammal arachnoentomosis treatment and prevention - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to veterinary science. Method provides preparation of animal and/or inhabitation with insect-acaricide medical product. Medical product contains fipronyl, diflubenzuron and organic solvent at following component ratio mass%: fipronyl - 0.05-4.5, diflubenzuron - 0.001-0.2, organic solvent - rest. Dosage used for animal preparation is 0.14-0.5 ml/kg of animal body weight while dosage for inhabitation preparation is 1.0-4.0 ml/m² per prepared area. The method is nonhazardous, high effective, nonlabourious, enables to lower animal preparation procedure number. Medical product in characterised with prolonged action and high efficiency at the lowered active components concentration.

EFFECT: development of effective method of arachnoentomosis treatment and prevention in veterinary science.

6 cl, 1 tbl, 5 ex

Description

The invention relates to veterinary medicine, in particular to methods and medicines for combating skin parasites of mammals, and can be used for the prevention and treatment of arachno-entomoses of animals, as well as for the treatment of premises against parasites.

Arachno-entomoses are diseases caused by parasitic insects. Insects that parasitize mammals, particularly dogs and cats, are ubiquitous. Animals infected with fleas are under stress because parasite bites cause severe skin itching. At the same time, animals comb the itchy areas of the skin, as a result of which abrasions, scratches appear on the skin, which open the "gate" of infection. In addition, fleas are carriers of helminths - Dipylidium caninum, which parasitizes in animals and in humans.

Ectoparasites such as ticks, along with blood-sucking dipterans, serve as specific carriers of the main groups of pathogens of vector-borne diseases of animals and humans, including viruses, rickettsia, bacteria, spirochetes, anaplasmas, pyroplasmids, teilerii, and others. Toxins that secrete parasites have paralyzing and causing skin damage, swelling and inflammation. Often diseases caused by ticks can be fatal. Finally, with galls, ticks that cause otodectosis, demodecosis, sarcoptosis, it is especially difficult to fight, because they are highly resistant to many active substances, and therefore sick animals require frequent treatments.

A known method of treating mammals from parasites by treatment with an insecticidal preparation containing an insecticide, a crystallization inhibitor, an organic solvent having a dielectric constant in the range of 10-35, and an additional solvent with a boiling point less than 100 ° C. Processing of animals can be carried out by applying the drug to a limited area of the animal’s body, in particular to the back between the shoulder blades, at a dose of 0.3-3.0 ml, depending on the weight of the animal (RU 2160535 C2, 12.20.2000).

The disadvantages of this method are the low treatment effectiveness (95%) and the complexity of the composition of the drug.

A known method of treating arachno-entomoses of animals, comprising treating them with an insecticidal preparation containing fipronil, esfenvaleriate, citric acid, isopropyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol in the following ratio of ingredients (in wt.%): Fipronil - 5.0-0.5, esfenvaleriate - 0 , 1-0.02, citric acid - 1.0-0.5, isopropyl alcohol - 30.0-1.0, polyethylene glycol - the rest, while processing the animals is carried out by applying the drug to the back of an infected animal and rubbing it with a sponge in skin-skin previously moistened with water Jana cover in an amount of 50-150 ml (RU 2181243 C1, 20.04.2002).

The disadvantage of this method is the use of a complex composition of the insecticidal preparation. The patent description does not provide specific data on the effectiveness of treatment.

The closest analogue is a method for the treatment and prevention of arachno-entomoses of mammalian animals by treating these animals or their habitats with an insecticidal preparation containing (in wt.%): Fipronil - 0.3-0.5, benzyl benzoate - 5.0-40, 0, alcohol solvent - the rest. The drug may additionally contain metoprene up to 1 wt.%. The treatment of an animal infected with parasites is carried out by applying the drug to the withers or skin (RU 2160535 C2, 12.20.2000).

The disadvantage of this method is the use of a drug with a high content of benzyl benzoate, which can cause various allergic reactions at the injection site.

The objective of the invention is to develop a highly effective, harmless, non-laborious method of treating and preventing arachno-entomoses of mammalian animals, reducing the content of active substances in an insect-acaricidal drug while maintaining its effectiveness, as well as developing a drug of prolonged action.

The objective of the invention in terms of the method of treatment and prevention of arachno-entomoses of mammalian animals is solved due to the fact that in the method of treatment and prevention of arachno-entomoses of mammalian animals, comprising treating an animal or its habitat with an insect-acaricidal drug, according to the invention, treating the animal and its places habitat is carried out with a medicinal product containing fipronil, diflubenzuron and an organic solvent with the following ingredients, wt.%:

Fipronil 0.05-4.5 Diflubenzuron 0.001-0.2 Organic solvent  Rest,

however, when processing an animal, the drug is used in a dose of 0.14-0.5 ml / kg of animal body weight, and when processing animal habitats, in a dose of 1.0-4.0 ml / m ^{2 of the} treated area.

When animals are infected with sarcoptosis, the treatment is carried out 1-4 times with an interval of 7-10 days.

When animals are infected with knothedrosis, the treatment is carried out 1-4 times with an interval of 6-8 days.

When treating an animal, the drug is applied either by spraying the entire coat, or on the skin of the animal, having previously spread the hair, in the neck at the base of the skull, or at several points in the back between the shoulder blades, or on the affected areas of the skin with a grip on the periphery of section 1 -2 cm healthy skin.

The objective of the invention in terms of a drug for the treatment and prevention of arachno-entomoses of mammalian animals is solved by the fact that the agent for the treatment and prevention of arachno-entomoses of mammalian animals, containing fipronil and a solvent, according to the invention, additionally contains diflubenzuron with the following content of ingredients, wt. %:

Fipronil 0.05-4.5 Diflubenzuron 0.001-0.2 Organic solvent  Rest

As an organic solvent, the drug may contain, for example, ether, polyethylene glycol or isopropyl alcohol.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to obtain a highly effective method for the treatment and prevention of arachno-entomoses of mammalian animals with the help of a drug with a prolonged action and a low content of active substances.

The invention is illustrated by the following examples, which, however, do not limit the scope of the claims of the applicant.

Example 1

Preparation of the drug.

Fipronil is poured into the reactor with the stirrer operating, diflubenzuron is weighed and introduced into the reactor through the loading hatch, the calculated amount of organic solvent is added, and mixed. After mixing and dissolving the components, the solution is filtered and packaged.

Example 2

According to example 1, three insecto-acaricidal drugs of the following compositions were obtained, wt.%:

Composition number 1.

Fipronil  4,5 Diflubenzuron  0.001 Ether  Rest

Composition number 2.

Fipronil  0.05 Diflubenzuron  0.2 Isopropyl alcohol  Rest

Composition number 3.

Fipronil  2,5 Diflubenzuron  0.1 Polyethylene glycol  Rest

Compounds No. 1-3 were tested on 15 dogs with sarcoptosis, and 15 cats with nothedrosis and otodectosis, and 3 kittens infected with fleas. For this, the animals were divided into 3 groups (6 dogs and 6 cats), and each of the animal groups was treated with one of the compositions by applying it to the skin in the neck (the animal’s hair was previously parted) at the base of the skull in a dose of 0.3 ml / kg animal body weight.

The diagnosis of sick animals was made only on the basis of the detection of parasites. At the end of the treatment, microscopy of scrapings obtained from animals diagnosed with sarcoptosis was performed twice, all treated animals were monitored for up to 48 days.

Already a day after the treatment of animals, live parasites were not detected.

In the experimental groups during the entire observation period (up to 48 days) no parasites were found in animals.

All animals tolerated the treatment well.

No side effects were noted.

Example 3

The experiment on testing the composition No. 3 was carried out on 56 dogs and 30 cats of long-haired and smooth-haired breeds aged from 6 months to 7 years, affected by sarcoptoid, ixodic and notothed ticks. All animals were kept in city apartments. Before treatment, animals were examined, the type of ectoparasites and the degree of invasion were determined. Inspection of animals was carried out 2, 7 and 10 days after treatment, and then every ten days, noting the general condition, appetite, mobility, condition of the coat and skin.

Then the animals were divided into 2 groups: experimental and control (n = 3 + 3). The experimental group of animals was treated with composition No. 2, applying the drug at several points in the back between the shoulder blades or in the neck at the base of the skull in the doses indicated in the table.

The treatment scheme of animals of the experimental group.

Table Animal mass Dose of the drug, ml Dose, ml / kg puppies from 2 months of age: up to 1 kg 0.3 0.3 from 1 to 2 kg 0.5 0.25 adult dogs: more than 2 to 3 kg 1.0-1.5 0.5 more than 3 to 5 kg 1.5-2.5 1,5 more than 5 to 7 kg 2,5 0.35 more than 7 to 10 kg 3.0 0.3 more than 10 kg 4.0 0.4 kittens from 2 months of age: up to 0.5 kg 0.1 0.2 from 0.5 kg to 1 kg 0.3 0.3 more than 1 to 2 kg 0.5 0.25 adult cats: more than 2 kg to 3 kg 1.0-1.5 0.5 more than 3 kg to 4 kg 1.5-2.0 0.25-0.5 more than 4 kg 2.0 0.5

The second group served as control and was not subjected to processing.

As a result of the test, it was found that on the 2nd day and within 30 days after treatment (observation period) no insects were found on the treated animals. In dogs with sarcoptosis and cat nothedrosis, the number of treatments to achieve full recovery was 1-4 with an interval in cats of 6-8 days and in dogs - 7-10 days. After applying the preparations to ixodid ticks, their falling off was observed after 20-25 minutes. In animals, no attacks on animals of ixodid ticks were observed during walks in parks and squares. During the entire experimental period, external signs of toxicosis were not noted. The general clinical condition was within the physiological norm, the appetite is not changed. There were no signs of irritation, dermatitis, hair loss, alopecia and peeling of the skin in the area of contact of the drug with the skin. Acarological studies after 1-4 treatments of animals showed the absence of sarcoptoid ticks and ticks of the genus Notoedres (N.cati family Sarcoptidae) in skin scrapings.

In the control group, all animals were infected throughout the study period.

Example 4

In the experiment, 12 dogs of different breeds (German Shepherd, Boxer, Fox Terrier, Outbred), affected by sarcoptosis, were used. The animals were divided into three groups: the first group (5 animals) was treated with composition No. 1, the second group (5 animals) was treated with composition No. 2 and the third was treated with composition No. 3 in the doses indicated in Example 3.

During a clinical examination, before treatment, the affected animals were constantly itchy, bleeding scratches were observed at the sites of scratching, the hairline lost its luster and elasticity, and the regional lymph nodes were enlarged. The diagnosis of the disease in all cases was confirmed by acarological studies - the detection of microscopic pathogens of ticks Sarcoptes canis by microscopy. The treatment was carried out by spraying the entire coat or cutaneously onto the affected area with the capture of 1-2 cm of healthy skin at the periphery of the area at a dose of 1.4 ml / 10 kg of animal body weight. Processing was performed twice with an interval of 7 days.

Treatment efficacy was monitored by scraping microscopy.

After 2 days, dead ticks, deformed larvae and eggs were found in scrapings. Clinical signs of the disease began to disappear 3-4 days after the first application of the drug, which was manifested by a decrease in hyperemia and exudation, the disappearance of crusts. The animals of the experimental groups after double treatment completely recovered, which was confirmed by clinical and acarological studies.

When using drugs in the indicated doses and treatment modes in animals, no side effects and complications were noted. The effectiveness of the drugs was 100%.

Example 5

In order to prevent repeated invasion by ticks and fleas when testing formulations No. 1-3 (see example 1), bedding, blankets and other animal care items were treated with preparation No. 3 in the form of a spray at the rate of 2 ml (four pressure on the spray head) per 1 m ^{2 of the} treated surface (100% inhibition of brood and 0% brood of adults from flea pupae). For three days the animal was not allowed to come into contact with the treated items, and before subsequent use they were washed (washed) with a detergent.

During the observation period (30 days), reinvasion through objects of animal care was not observed.

According to the degree of exposure to the body, preparations of compositions No. 1-3 are classified as moderately hazardous substances (hazard class 3 according to GOST 12.1.007-76). In recommended doses, they do not have a local irritant, resorptive-toxic, embryotoxic, teratogenic and sensitizing effect. Well tolerated by dogs and cats of different breeds and ages. Contact with mucous membranes causes irritation.

As can be seen from the above examples, the claimed method for the treatment and prevention of arachno-entomoses of mammalian animals is harmless, highly effective, non-laborious - it allows to reduce the number of animal treatments, and the claimed drug has a prolonged effect and high efficiency with a reduced concentration of active substances included in it.

Claims (6)

1. A method for the treatment and prevention of arachno-entomoses of mammalian animals, comprising treating an animal and / or its habitat with an insecticaricidal drug, characterized in that the animal and its habitat are treated with a medicinal product containing fipronil, diflubenzuron and an organic solvent with the following ingredients , wt.%: Fipronil 0.05-4.5 Diflubenzuron 0.001-0.2 Organic solvent Rest, however, when processing an animal, the drug is used in a dose of 0.14-0.5 ml / kg of animal body weight, and when processing animal habitats, in a dose of 1.0-4.0 ml / m ^{2 of the} treated area. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when the animals are infected with sarcoptosis, the treatment is carried out 1-4 times with an interval of 7-10 days. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when the animals are infected with nothedrosis, the treatment is carried out 1-4 times with an interval of 6-8 days. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when processing the animal, the drug is applied either by spraying the entire coat, or on the skin of the animal, having previously spread the hair in the neck at the base of the skull, or at several points in the back between the shoulder blades or on the affected areas of the skin with a grip on the periphery of the site 1-2 cm of healthy skin. 5. A medicine for the treatment and prevention of arachno-entomoses of mammalian animals, containing fipronil and an organic solvent, characterized in that it additionally contains diflubenzuron with the following ingredients, wt.%: Fipronil 0.05-4.5 Diflubenzuron 0.001-0.2 Organic solvent Rest 6. The drug according to claim 5, characterized in that the organic solvent contains either ether or polyethylene glycol or isopropyl alcohol.