RU2329641C1 - Milking machine complex - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, animal breeding.

SUBSTANCE: invention concerns agriculture, and particularly cow maintenance aggregates. Milking machine complex includes an area with feeding racks and stall rows along the walls, as well as passages between the stalls. A rotating milking platform with milking machines is installed in a gap in one of the stall passages. The platform is as wide as the distance between feeding racks and stalls. A removable telescopic partition is installed between stalls and feeding racks in the centre of the area, so that the area is divided into pre-milking and after-milking sites. During milking the telescopic partition can be moved along the passages in zigzag fashion in order to change the sites ratio. The invention influences milk yield positively, as it mitigates stress factor which arises when the cows are flocked together during milking or maintenance.

EFFECT: higher yield of cow milk.

2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to devices for keeping and servicing cows.

Known milk-milking complex, containing a milking unit with entrances and exits for animals, mounted on a movable platform with the ability to move along the guide, storage and post-milking platforms, walkways of the complex, one of the sides of which has a milk unit with a utility room. They are connected through an aperture to the passage, while the platform with the milking unit is located in the utility room and is installed with the possibility of moving across the passage, moreover, one of the end walls of the platform is equipped with a panel for covering the opening (A.S. 1491415 USSR, IPC5 A01J 5/00. Published 07.07.89. - Bull. No. 25). This design as a whole ensures compliance with the requirements for maintaining and servicing highly productive cows.

However, in the complex technological equipment there is no veterinary machine for carrying out mass events for animal sanitation, which increases the labor costs for carrying out these works. In addition, during the mass service period, the entire number of cows is preliminarily distilled to one of the sites, while the other remains completely free. High crowding of animals worsens the conditions for their rest and contributes to the occurrence of internecine skirmishes. Stress factors reduce yields of cows in the herd.

Known cowshed containing a milking parlor with entrances and exits for animals and a veterinary machine mounted on a movable platform with the ability to move along the guide, storage and post-milking platforms, walkways of the complex, one of the sides of which has a milk unit with a utility room. They are connected through the opening with the passage, while the platform with the milking unit is located in the utility room and is installed with the possibility of moving across the passage, moreover, one of the end walls of the platform is equipped with a panel for covering the opening (A.S. 1644840 USSR, MPK5 А01К 1/00. Publ. 30.04.9. - Bull. No. 16). This design of the barn as a whole ensures compliance with the requirements for the maintenance and servicing of highly productive cows. It allows you to reduce labor costs for veterinary care of cows in the herd.

However, during the milking and servicing of cows, the entire population is preliminarily distilled to one of the sites in the barn’s premises, while the other remains completely free. High crowding of animals worsens the conditions for their rest and contributes to the occurrence of internecine skirmishes. Stress factors reduce yields of cows in the herd.

The closest in essence to the proposed solution is the barn (A.S. 165836 USSR, IPC5 А01К 1/00. Publ. 30.06.91. - Bull. No. 24), containing a rectangular room with rows of stalls located along its walls, in one of which there is a gap between the stalls, the milking unit, made in the form of a platform with milking and veterinary machines, placed with the possibility of moving from the original idle position into the passage between the rows of milking stalls. The milking unit is equipped with a vertical axis of rotation, with which it is connected cantilever, and the said axis is placed in the gap between the stalls, the length of which is not less than the length of the milking unit. This design of the barn as a whole ensures compliance with the requirements for the maintenance and servicing of highly productive cows and reduces labor costs for their sanitary maintenance.

However, before milking begins, the entire number of cows is preliminarily distilled to one of the sites (pre-milking - equal to half of the total area of the room), while the other (post-milking) remains completely free. The high density of animals in the initial milking period worsens the conditions for their rest and feeding. The increased crowding of cows in a limited space contributes to the occurrence of internecine skirmishes. The stresses arising from this reduce the milk yield of the animals in the herd by 5 ... 6%.

The aim of the invention is to increase the milk yield of cows by reducing the impact of stress factors arising from the accumulation of animals during their milking or maintenance.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in a dairy milking complex containing a room with feeders, walkways and rows of stalls along the walls, in one of which there is a gap between the stalls with a rotary milking platform located in it with machines, the length of the carrier part of the platform with machines is equal to the width the gap between the feeders and stalls, and between the feeders located in the center of the room, and the stalls a removable telescopic partition is installed, dividing the area of the room into a pre-milking and post-milking platform and.

At the same time, the removable telescopic partition has rigidly fixed pivots at the ends, which are fixed in the hole of the bushings, staggered along the edges of both passages.

According to the information available to the author, the set of essential features: the length of the platform with the machines, equal to the width of the gap between the feeder and the stalls, a removable telescopic partition dividing the area of the room into the pre-milking and post-milking platforms, are not known from the prior art. This allows us to conclude that the technical solution meets the criteria of "novelty" and "inventive step". The proposed technical solution makes it possible to obtain a new positive effect in reducing the level of exposure to stress factors in the herd, due to a decrease in the accumulation of animals during their milking or maintenance.

Figure 1 shows a milk-milking complex; figure 2 is a front view of a turntable with veterinary and milking machines; figure 3 is a top view of a turntable with veterinary and milking machines; figure 4 is a front view of the installation site of a removable telescopic partition; figure 5 is a top view of the installation site of a removable telescopic partition.

The milk-milking complex consists of room 1, passageways 2 and 3, feeders 4, stalls 5, milk unit 6, turntable 7 with machine tools, bushings 8 for installing a removable telescopic partition, a removable telescopic partition 9, a dunghill with a conveyor 10. Mobile the platform has two positions: I - for storage along passage 2 (in the opening between the stalls) and II - across passage 2 for milking cows or performing other mass events for their maintenance. A removable telescopic partition 9 divides the entire area of the barn into pre-milking (A) and post-milking (B) platforms. During milking, the telescopic partition 9 can be zigzagged along the aisles 2 and 3 along the bushings 8, changing the ratio between these sites.

The rotary platform 7 (FIGS. 3 and 4) comprises a support platform 11, a pivot axis 12, hinges 13, a bearing part of the platform 14, a veterinary machine 15, milking machines (UDS-3) 16, a rack 17 with a handle-bracket 18. A rotary platform leans on wheels 19 and contains a retractable fence 20 with gates. The rotation from the “storage” state to the working position is performed manually using the handle-clamp 18. The supporting pneumatic wheels 19 reduce the resistance of the device to rolling (up to 15 ... 23 kg), and the swivel joints 13 provide copying of the relief of the barn with the supporting part of the platform 14, which unloads the support platform 11 and the rotary axis 12 from bending stresses.

The telescopic partition 9 (Figs. 4 and 5) is made of tubes 21 and 22 inserted into each other with a gap. The assembly unit for the removable telescopic partition contains pivots 23 that are freely attached along the edges of the pipes and enter the openings of the sleeve 8 with their free end. For convenience of moving the partition during milking or servicing the cows, the tubes have handles 24. The bushings 8 are staggered along the edges of the aisles 2 and 3. Consistently, some of them are mounted vertically on the feeders 4, others on the inter-stall partitions 25. The variable length of the telescopic partition 9 allows you to copy the contour of the passage when it is rotated and does not require strict adherence to the distance between the attachment points of the bushings.

The technological process of work in the barn is as follows.

The rotary milking machine is manually moved from the storage position (I) to the milking position of the cows (II). The fence 20 on the turntable 7 (Figs. 1 and 3) extends towards the pre-milking platform, forming a space for operators to work (B is the milking platform). A removable telescopic partition 9 is installed in the nests of the first pair of bushings 8 of the passage 2, forming pre-milking (A) and post-milking (B) platforms. At the beginning of milking, the area of the pre-milking platform (A), where the entire herd is located, occupies almost the entire space of the barn. This creates the necessary conditions for feeding and resting cows. The situation of the herd in the barn is practically unchanged, which prevents the occurrence of stress in each individual individually. Passage 3 is free; animals can pass through it to passage 2, bypassing the milking unit. The free space in front of the fence of the milking unit reduces the frequency of internecine skirmishes and allows animals to freely pass into the milking machines as they are ready for milk delivery. During milking, the ratio of the number of cows in the pre-milking and post-milking platforms changes. Therefore, to prevent crowding of animals, the mobile telescopic partition 9 is zigzagged with one edge or the other along the aisles of rooms 2 and 3. At the same time, the other edge of the partition fixed in the sleeve 8 is used as a wings, which helps reduce the efforts of cattle to move it to 10 kg . The ability to copy the contour of the passage, associated with a variable length of the telescopic partition during its movement, prevents the entry of cows from the pre-milking to the post-milking platform directly, bypassing the milking unit. By the time when almost the whole herd will be on the post-milking platform, the telescopic partition will be in front of the fence 20 of the rotary milking platform 7 with machines.

Upon completion of milking, automatic washing of the milking machines and the milk line is performed. Then the rotary installation returns to its storage location (position I). In the passage 2, a temporary partition 9 is removed, the animals independently disperse over the entire area of the barn.

Thus, the technical solution, establishing the length of the supporting part of the platform with the machines in the premises of the dairy milking complex in combination with a removable telescopic partition, helps to maintain a constant specific area of the pre-milking and post-milking platform per animal in the herd. This reduces the accumulation of animals during the milking process and reduces the impact of stress factors due to internecine hassles. Milk yield of cows increases to 5 ... 6%. The economic effect can reach 400 ... 500 rubles per cow per year.

Claims (2)

1. Milk-milking complex containing a room with feeders, walkways and rows of stalls along the walls, in one of which there is a gap between the stalls with a rotary milking platform with machines located in it, characterized in that the length of the supporting part of the platform with the machines is equal to the width of the gap between the feeders and stalls, and between the feeders located in the center of the room and the stalls, a removable telescopic partition is installed that separates the area of the room into a pre-milking and post-milking area. 2. The milk-milking complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the removable telescopic partition has rigidly mounted pivots at the ends, which are fixed in the holes of the bushes located in a checkerboard pattern along the edges of both passages.

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