RU2329531C2 - Method and device of automatic address assignment to subscribers of multiplex data exchange channel - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: computing technology.

SUBSTANCE: invention is used for information transfer through the multiplex exchange channel (MEC) between the subscribers located and organised preferably within the same item or object, particularly, regarding the address assignment method to the MEC subscribers. The technological result is achieved through presence of stages allowing the subscribers to successively transfer n-bit addresses to each other in the asynchronous manner through the single wire daisy chain according to the ordinal number of the subscriber in the chain, where the first subscriber is the subscriber with the zero logic level at the chain connection input contact. The central control unit controls the stages of assigning the addresses to the MEC subscribers. Besides, for the purpose of realisation of the suggested method, each subscriber includes: the digital data processor with non-volatile memory; the asynchronous channel receiver with an input contact; the asynchronous channel transmitter with an output contact.

EFFECT: using minimum number of wires for addressing; also in case of absence of wire connections for address input to the leading device, the central control unit, it provides the possibility to use any information transfer medium, for instance, radio channel, optic channel, etc.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of automation and computer technology for transmitting information on a multiplexed communication channel (MCO) between subscribers located and organized within the same product or facility, in particular to a method for assigning addresses to MCO subscribers.

There is a method of entering an address to a subscriber by means of jumper switches in various digital devices connected by a common data bus.

There is also known a method for automatically assigning the addresses of detectors in a warning alarm device [1], containing a central post, a plurality of detectors using a microprocessor, capacitor, resistor and key in each detector, while the power wire from the central point is connected in series with all the resistors of the detectors, forming a daisy chain the chain. By applying an information word modulated by the supply voltage, as well as sending information using two stabilized currents, addresses are assigned to the detectors in turn. The disadvantage of the method of using jumpers to specify addresses is the large number of conductors necessary for addressing multi-digit codes, especially for small-sized devices with a limited number of external outputs. The disadvantage of the second method is the limitations associated with the use of the supply conductor as a medium for transmitting information. Indeed, this is unacceptable for devices with galvanic isolation of subscribers from the central point, in addition, not all subscribers can operate with a resistor in the power circuit, and even connected to each other in a daisy chain. That is, this method of assigning addresses to subscribers has a specific field of application.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed method is the selected as a prototype method for automatically assigning addresses to SMBus subscribers, based on the basic principles of conflict resolution on the I2C protocol bus [2]. The address assignment is based on the standard arbitration mechanism (conflict resolution) of the SMBus (and I2C) bus. When the subscribers turn on the power, addresses are generated in the form of random numbers, then the system software of the host device (central point), by recognizing the facts of connecting / disconnecting devices (subscribers) to the bus, provides them with a conflict-free distribution of addresses.

The disadvantage of this method is the impossibility of its use for other data exchange channels other than the I2C trunk, for example, for a trunk in accordance with GOST 26765.52-87 or for a trunk with an RS-485 interface, etc. Another disadvantage of this method is the lack of binding of the assigned address to the location of the subscriber in the data network. Such a requirement is present, for example, when operating along the highway with completely identical subscribers operating with different operands associated with their location on the highway.

The aim of the invention is the automatic assignment of addresses to MCO subscribers located and organized preferably within the same product or facility, regardless of the data transmission medium with a minimum number of conductors specifying the subscriber’s address and the ability to bind the address to the subscriber’s location in the data transmission network.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the method of automatically assigning addresses to MCO subscribers containing a central control center based on a computer with an MCO interface, a plurality of subscribers with MCO interfaces in each subscriber, located and organized preferably within the same product or facility and integrated through the MCO interfaces by the transmission medium data consists of the following steps:

- issuance from the central control center for MCOs to all subscribers of a common addressless command to initialize the automatic assignment of addresses to subscribers;

- simultaneous reception by all subscribers of the multiplex channel of an initialization command for automatic assignment of addresses;

- "searching" by all subscribers for the multiplex channel of the first subscriber, which is the beginning of a daisy chain formed from subscribers, and detecting it based on the presence of, preferably, a low logic level at one corresponding input terminal of the first subscriber, while at the same input terminal of other subscribers there is a high logical level;

- asynchronous reception at the input output at a certain clock frequency by the first subscriber of the daisy chain of an n-bit zero binary code and the increment operation on the received zero code, where the resulting result code with the first serial number is the n-bit address of the first subscriber of the daisy chain (2 ⁿ determines the number subscribers in the multiplex channel);

- recording the received n-bit address information in the non-volatile memory of the subscriber;

- reading n-bit address information from the non-volatile memory of this subscriber and transmitting it to the central control center via the MCO interface to control the correctness of the address assignment process and transmitting the address information extracted from the non-volatile memory to the next subscriber of the daisy chain through the subscriber’s output via serial asynchronous sending at a certain clock frequency ;

- asynchronous reception of address information on the input output at a specific clock frequency by the subsequent subscriber of the daisy chain and the further repetition of steps; increment over the received address information, writing address information to non-volatile memory, extracting it from non-volatile memory, transmitting address information to the central control center via a multiplex channel, and transmitting to the next subscriber a daisy chain of address information of this subscriber via the subscriber’s output via serial asynchronous sending at a certain clock frequency, the output terminal of this subscriber is connected to the input terminal of the subsequent subscriber with one signal wire Odom, forming a chain structure of a garland of many subscribers.

In addition, the method further comprises the step of generating and controlling an array of addresses of MCO subscribers, performed by a central control center based on address information received sequentially from subscribers. The central control center monitors the following automatic address assignment rules:

- address information should come sequentially from all MCO subscribers;

- the value of the address information should be incrementally increased by one, starting from the value 1 to 2 ⁿ , where 2 ⁿ is the number of subscribers in the MCO.

This goal is also achieved by the fact that the composition of each subscriber includes: a digital data processor with non-volatile memory; asynchronous channel receiver with input terminal; an asynchronous channel transmitter with an output terminal, while the data outputs of the MCO interface are connected to the first information terminals of the digital data processor, the output of the asynchronous channel receiver is connected to another information terminal of the digital data processor, the input of the asynchronous channel transmitter is connected to the third information terminal of the digital processor, in addition to the input the output terminal of the asynchronous channel receiver is connected to the external input terminal of the subscriber to receive address information, the output terminal of the asyn transmitter the chronic channel is connected to the output terminal of the subscriber for transmitting address information, in addition, for the first subscriber accepted as the beginning of a daisy chain, its input terminal for receiving address information is connected to a logical signal source, preferably a low level, the output terminal of the first subscriber for transmitting address information is connected via a signal wire to the input terminal for receiving the address information of the second subscriber, the output terminal of which for the transmission of address information is connected by signal wire to an input terminal for receiving a third address information of the subscriber, and so on are interconnected all ICE subscribers chain structure forming a garland.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the claimed method of assigning addresses to MCO subscribers is characterized by the presence of stages that allow subscribers to sequentially transfer asynchronously p-bit addresses to each other over a single-wire daisy chain in accordance with the serial number of the subscriber in the daisy chain, where the subscriber with the zero logical level at the input output for garland connection, while the central control center monitors the stages of assigning addresses to MCO subscribers, also for realizing In the proposed method, each subscriber includes: a digital data processor with non-volatile memory; asynchronous channel receiver with input terminal; asynchronous channel transmitter with output pin.

The analysis of the prior art, including a search by patent and scientific and technical sources of information and identification of sources containing information about analogues of the claimed invention, allows us to establish that the applicants have not found technical solutions characterized by features identical to all the essential features of the claimed invention. The definition from the list of identified analogues of the prototype made it possible to identify a set of essential (with respect to the technical result perceived by the applicant) distinctive features in the claimed object set forth in the claims. Therefore, the claimed invention meets the requirement of "novelty" under the current law. Information about the fame of the distinguishing features of the known technical solutions with the achievement of the same as that of the claimed device, there is no positive effect. Based on this, it was concluded that the proposed technical solution meets the criterion of "inventive step".

Figure 1 presents a block diagram of a subscriber's algorithm for automatically assigning an address to him. Figure 2 presents a block diagram of a device for implementing a method for automatically assigning addresses to MCO subscribers with data.

The algorithm of the method for automatically assigning addresses to MCO subscribers (Fig. 1) consists of the steps shown in the figure. A device for implementing the proposed method (Fig. 2) contains a central control point 1 based on a computer with an MCO 2 interface, the external terminals of which are connected via the data transfer medium 3 to the external terminals of the MCO 4 interfaces, the data terminals of which are connected to the first information terminals of the 5 MCO subscribers , also consisting of a digital data processor 6 with non-volatile memory 7, a serial asynchronous channel receiver 8 and a serial asynchronous channel transmitter 9, respectively connected to inf digital outputs of the digital processor 6, while the external input terminal 10 of the subscriber 5 is the input terminal of the receiver 8, while the external output terminal 11 of the subscriber 5 is the output terminal of the transmitter 9, the corresponding buses 12 from the digital processor 6 are allocated to control the hardware resources of the subscriber 5. All subscribers 5 MCO interconnected by a single-wire communication line, forming an open daisy chain, and the input terminal 10 of the first subscriber to the beginning of the garland is connected to a source of low logic level 13 ( Mlen).

The proposed method for automatically assigning addresses to MCO subscribers works as follows. The central control point 1, made on the basis of a computer in PC-104 format, through interface 2 through transmission medium 3, sends a addressless address initialization initiation command to all 5 subscribers via a two-wire RS-485 interface of the multiplex communication channel. All subscribers 5 MCO in their input 10, output 11 conclusions, respectively, interconnected, forming an open daisy chain consisting of subscribers 5. The first subscriber 5 the beginning of the garland is formed by grounding 13 of the input output 10. After receiving the initialization command assignment addresses (step a1 fig .1) subscribers 5 set a high logic level at output terminal 11 (step a2). Then, subscribers 5 wait for a low logic level to appear at input terminal 10 (step a3). The first subscriber of a daisy chain with a grounded pin 10 starts to receive n-bit zero code sequentially bit by bit using an asynchronous channel receiver 8 (step a4), the increment operation is performed on the received code in digital processor 6 (step a5). The received address code for the first subscriber will correspond to one (number one). The next step is to memorize the subscriber’s address in non-volatile memory 7 (step a6), then the address is read from memory 7 (step a7) and transmitted via interface 4 as address information for the MCO to the central control point 1 (step a8) to organize performance monitoring assignment of addresses. The central point 1 through its interface 2 receives the address information of the subscriber and places it in the memory of the control processor. The first subscriber, in the next step, transmits address information (number one) through the asynchronous channel 9 transmitter with a serial code to the next MCO subscriber - the second subscriber (step a9). The second subscriber starts receiving address information of the first subscriber of the chain by changing the level at input 10 from high to low due to the presence of a low-level start bit at the beginning of sending. Further sequential automatic assignment of addresses to MCO subscribers and their transfer along the chain is carried out by repeating steps a3-a9 of the algorithm by each subscriber. Central control point 1, as the MCO master device, monitors the process of assigning addresses according to the criteria for the temporary continuity of the receipt of address information from subscribers and the change in increment of subscriber numbers per unit. The proposed method for assigning addresses to MCO subscribers allows using the minimum number of conductors for addressing, does not have a wired connection for entering addresses with the master device - central control point 1, which makes it possible to use any information transfer medium, such as a radio channel, optical, etc.

Information sources

1. RU, 2214000 C2, G08B 26/00, H04L 12/403, 10/10/2003.

2. M. Guk. PC hardware interfaces; Encyclopedia. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2003, p. 423, 437.

Claims (3)

1. A method for automatically assigning addresses to subscribers of a multiplex data exchange channel, comprising a central control station based on a computer with a multiplex communication channel interface, a plurality of subscribers with multiplex communication channel interfaces in each subscriber, preferably located and organized within the same product or object and connected via interfaces multiplex communication channel data medium, characterized in that the method consists of the following steps: issuing from a central control point via a multiplexed exchange channel to all subscribers a common addressless command to initialize the automatic assignment of addresses to subscribers; simultaneous reception by all subscribers of the multiplexed channel of the exchange of the command to initialize the automatic assignment of addresses; “Search” by all subscribers for the multiplex channel of the first subscriber for the beginning of the daisy chain formed from the subscriber and detecting it by the presence of, preferably a low logic level at one corresponding input terminal of the first subscriber, when a high logic level is present at the same input terminal of the other subscribers; asynchronous reception at the input output at a certain clock frequency by the first subscriber of the daisy chain, an n-bit zero binary code and the increment operation on the received zero code, where the resulting result code with the first serial number is the n-bit address of the first subscriber of the daisy chain (2 ⁿ defines the number of subscribers in the multiplex exchange channel); recording the received n-bit address information in the non-volatile memory of the subscriber; reading n-bit address information from the non-volatile memory of the given subscriber and transmitting it to the central control center via the multiplex communication channel interface to control the correctness of the address assignment process and transmitting the address information extracted from the non-volatile memory to the next subscriber of the daisy chain through the subscriber’s output via serial asynchronous sending to a specific clock frequency asynchronous reception of address information on the input output at a specific clock frequency by the subsequent subscriber of the daisy chain and the further repetition of steps; increment over the received address information, writing address information to non-volatile memory, extracting it from non-volatile memory, transmitting address information to the central control center via a multiplex communication channel, and transmitting to the next subscriber a daisy chain of address information of this subscriber through the output terminal of the serial asynchronous sending subscriber at a certain clock frequency while the output terminal of this subscriber is connected to the input terminal of the subsequent subscriber with one signal m wire, forming a chain structure of a garland of many subscribers. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises the step of forming and monitoring an array of addresses of the subscribers of the multiplex communication channel at the central control point, sequentially received from subscribers at the stages of assigning addresses to them in order to verify them: a possible violation of time continuity when executing the command for assigning addresses by subscribers due to a break in the signal wire of the daisy chain or a failure of the subscriber's equipment in the daisy chain; continuity of sequence numbers of addresses in increments of one in the resulting array of addresses. 3. A device for automatically assigning addresses to subscribers of a multiplex data exchange channel, comprising a central control center based on a computer with a multiplex channel interface, a plurality of subscribers with multiplex channel interfaces in each subscriber, preferably located and organized within the same product or facility and connected via multiplex channel interfaces exchange of a data transmission medium, characterized in that the composition of each subscriber includes: a digital data processor with energy independent memory; asynchronous channel receiver with input terminal; an asynchronous channel transmitter with an output terminal, wherein the data outputs of the subscriber’s multiplex channel interface are connected to the first information terminals of the digital data processor, the output of the asynchronous channel receiver is connected to another information terminal of the digital data processor, the input of the asynchronous channel transmitter is connected to the third information terminal of the digital data processor, in addition, the input terminal of the receiver of the asynchronous channel is connected to the external input terminal of the subscriber to receive address information and, the output terminal of the asynchronous channel transmitter is connected to the output terminal of the subscriber for transmitting address information, in addition to the first subscriber, taken as the beginning of a daisy chain, its input terminal for receiving address information is connected to a logical signal source, preferably a low level, the output terminal of the first subscriber for transmission of address information is connected via a signal wire to an input terminal for receiving address information of a second subscriber whose output terminal for transmitting an address Second information is connected through the signal line to an input terminal for receiving a third address information of the subscriber, and so on, connecting together all subscribers multiplex communication channel, forming a chain structure garlands.

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