RU2328508C1 - Process of leather industry feed waste pretreatment for dissolution - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: textile.

SUBSTANCE: process of feed waste pretreatment for dissolution includes flushing, two-stage enzyme treatment, rinsing, breaking into 5x5 mm pieces. The first stage involves treatment by 0.1-5.0 g/l water solution of pepsin for 1-6 hours at the temperature of 25-40°C. The second stage involves treatment by 1.0-5.0 g/l water solution of neutral or alkaline protease for 1-6 hours at the temperature of 30-40°C.

EFFECT: production of protein hydrolyzate.

2 tbl, 7 ex

Description

The invention relates to the leather industry, in particular to the production of a protein hydrolyzate from raw materials from the leather industry.

A number of methods are known for producing protein hydrolysates from raw and mined collagen-containing leather wastes. For example, a method is known (AS USSR No. 162280, С14С 1/08, publ. 04/16/1964, bull. No. 9), which provides for the preliminary processing of collagen-containing stripping waste by alkaline-salt mixture, which includes 100 g / l of hydroxide sodium and 142 g / l anhydrous sodium sulfate, at 20 ° С, liquid weight = 6 (from the initial mass) for 48 hours, washing with a solution of sodium sulfate of the same concentration with liquid weight = 10 for 3-5 hours, neutralization with a 3% solution of boric acid at LC = 10 for 5-6 hours, washing for 12-16 hours, dissolution in a 1M solution of acetic acid.

The disadvantages of this method include:

- the use of aggressive media in the preliminary processing of the material, which contributes to the pollution and collapse of collagen;

- long duration of preparatory processes;

- high consumption of water and chemical materials;

- energy costs for the preparation of a solution of sodium sulfate;

- high costs of wastewater treatment.

A known method of producing a protein hydrolyzate from collagen-containing wastes of leather production (AS USSR No. 511062, A23J 1/10, publ. 04/25/1976, bull. No. 15), providing for washing leather raw materials, mezdrenie, removal of the epidermis on a dairy machine, grinding , treatment with 5% sodium chloride solution, washing with water, treatment with pepsin solution at a liquid coefficient of 4, pH 1.5-1.8 and 25-30 ° C for 7-10 days. The raw material treated with pepsin is inactivated with 0.01-0.02 N caustic alkali solution for 18-24 hours at 20-25 ° C. The inactivated split is washed once with running water and frozen at -10-30 ° C. The fibrous particles of collagen after defrosting are washed with a liquid coefficient of 4 and a temperature of 20-25 ° C. The washed cake mix is dissolved in a solution of an organic acid, homogenized and filtered.

The disadvantages of this method include a large number of processes and operations preceding the dissolution of the split, the complexity of their implementation, long duration, high consumption of water, electricity, high costs of wastewater treatment, the use of aggressive media, which contributes to the collagen contamination.

The closest in technological essence is a method of producing a protein hydrolyzate from solid chromium-containing leather wastes (RU 2249047, С12S 3/00, 7/00, publ. 03/27/2005, bull. No. 9), providing for the enzymatic treatment of collagen-containing wastes in an aqueous solution of pepsin 0.1-0.5 g / l at a temperature of 30-40 ° C for 1-6 hours (stage 1), crushing in an aqueous solution of oxalic acid 1-20 g / l at a temperature of 10-30 ° C for 1 -24 h (stage 2), enzymatic treatment in an aqueous solution of a neutral or alkaline protease of 0.1-15.0 g / l a temperature of 30-40 ° C for 1-6 hours (3 stage), processing in a solution of acetic acid 40-80 g / l for 20-100 hours at a temperature of 10-30 ° C (4 stage). The disadvantage of this method is the duration of the dissolution process and the limited raw material base, the use of aggressive chemical materials.

The technical task of the claimed invention is to provide a protein hydrolyzate containing collagen dissolution products that preserve the protein structure as much as possible, expanding the raw material base of collagen-containing raw materials, as well as simplifying the technology, reducing processing time and energy costs, the cost of chemical materials and wastewater treatment, eliminating the use of aggressive media .

This object is achieved by the fact that in the method of processing collagen-containing wastes of leather production, including washing, enzymatic soaking, enzymatic dehydration, soaking is carried out in an aqueous pepsin solution of 0.1-5.0 g / l at a temperature of 20-40 ° C for 1 -6 hours, enzymatic dehydration is performed in an aqueous solution of a neutral or alkaline protease of 1.0-5.0 g / l at a temperature of 30-40 ° C for 1-16 hours. Then, washing, grinding into pieces of 5 × 5 mm, dissolution according to the well-known method [A.S. USSR No. 162280, С14C 1/08, publ. 04/16/1964, bull. No. 9].

The technical result consists in the fact that a protein hydrolyzate with a molecular weight of about 180-300 thousand is obtained, and also provides for the simplification of the technology, reducing the processing time and energy costs, the cost of chemical materials and wastewater treatment, eliminating the use of aggressive media, expanding the raw material base of collagen-containing raw materials.

The non-obviousness of achieving a qualitatively new technical result follows from the fact that according to the literature and data obtained from a patent search, there is no known method of enzymatic preparation of raw waste for dissolution using this combination of enzyme preparations. Compliance with the regime of the claimed method provides effective preparation of collagen-containing waste for subsequent dissolution.

To carry out enzymatic dehydration, neutral or alkaline proteases isolated, for example, from strains of Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus oryzae, Streptomyces griseus, Streptomyces Spp, can be used as an enzymatic preparation. and others.

The flow rates of the used substances of the proposed method are shown in table 1.

Table 1 Substance consumption Consumption of substances, g / l Option one 2 3 four 5 6 7 Pepsin 0.1 2 2,5 2,5 3 2,5 5 Protease "Prok" 3 3,5 3 one 2,5 5 3

The method according to examples 1-7 is as follows. The raw materials are washed during the day at a temperature of 20-25 ° C, treated with an aqueous solution of pepsin 0.1-5.0 g / l for 1-6 hours, at a temperature of 25-40 °, 2-5. Then, dehairing is carried out using the Prok enzyme preparation, 1.0-5.0 g / l for 1-16 hours, at a temperature of 30-40 ° C, 2-5, the washing is carried out in an aqueous medium, the raw materials are crushed into pieces 5 × 5 mm in size.

Dissolution according to the well-known method [A.S. USSR No. 162280, С14C 1/08, publ. 04/16/1964, bull. No. 9].

Table 2 shows the data on the yield of protein in the solution and its molecular weight.

table 2 The solids content in the hydrolyzate and its molecular weight Option Protein converted to solution,% The average molecular weight of the hydrolysis products, 10 ^-3 Yes one thirty 300 2 65 228-280 3 95 221-225 four 23 260 5 84 200-255 6 82 180 7 70 220

As can be seen from the table, the proposed method allows to obtain a protein hydrolyzate with a molecular weight of about 180-300 thousand

The resulting protein hydrolyzate can be used in the processes of leather and fur production.

The molecular weight of the hydrolyzate (by viscometry) obtained by the prototype is 300-320 thousand

Claims (1)

A method of preparing raw materials from leather industry for dissolution, including washing, enzymatic treatment with an aqueous solution of pepsin, characterized in that the enzymatic treatment of waste is carried out in 2 stages: in the first stage, with an aqueous solution of pepsin 0.1-5.0 g / l for 1 -6 hours, at a temperature of 25-40 ° C, in the second stage with an aqueous solution of a neutral or alkaline protease with a dehumidifying ability, 1.0-5.0 g / l for 1-16 hours, at a temperature of 30-40 ° C , followed by washing and grinding into pieces 5 × 5 mm.