RU2327623C2 - Thermal stabilisation device of isometric container - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.

SUBSTANCE: stated invention relates thermal stabilisation devices of isometric containers for transportation of special loads in stated temperature-humidity conditions. Device, executing product airflow in container with heated or cooled air, contains conditioner, which evaporative-heating block with ventilator are located in autonomous frame (2) inside airproof heat sealed frame (1) of container. At that air is supplied with ventilator (5) in space between container side wall and product, directing the air flow along the perimeter of container side walls on coterie. Autonomous frame (2) is fitted with inlet and outlet sockets (8, 7), directed horizontally along container side walls in different sides. Outlet socket has (7) rotation device (9), which changes the angle of its inclination in vertical flatness, setting the required direction of air flow.

EFFECT: effectiveness improvement of device operation.

2 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to methods of thermal stabilization of isothermal containers for transporting special cargoes, for example spacecraft, under given conditions of temperature and humidity conditions.

Known refrigerator car, consisting of a room with refrigeration units, supply and exhaust ventilation, electric heating units (Krzhimovsky V.E., Skripkin V.V., Filyukhin G.I. Refrigerator sections of domestic construction. -M .; Transport; 1983, p. .5-12).

Known isothermal container (a.s. SU No. 1255521, IPC B65D 81/02), consisting of a housing of a supporting structure and thermal insulation. The upper and lower parts of the body (ceiling and floor) are made with a casing located outside the thermal insulation and forming an air cavity with the latter. Air cavities improve the insulation of the floor and ceiling of the container, however, the side walls are devoid of this. To maintain the specified temperature, the container is equipped with heating and air conditioning.

The disadvantage of this device is the instability of the temperature inside the container depending on the temperature difference outside it.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed method of thermal stabilization of an isothermal container and a device for its implementation is an isothermal container for transporting special cargoes (patent No. 2263619, IPC B65D 88/74, 2005), which was selected as a prototype. The isothermal container contains a sealed heat-insulated casing, inside of which there is an evaporative-heating unit of the air conditioner with a fan in an autonomous casing with a bell in the upper part and an open bottom connected to the duct, bounded by a continuous horizontal wall and a perforated end wall located on the opposite side from the evaporative heating block air conditioner. The socket of the autonomous housing is directed to the end profiled wall, in which the evaporative-heating block is located. The profile is ribbed. The direction of the ribs provides a reflection of the air flow in the direction of the transported product.

Thermal stabilization of an isothermal container is carried out in the following way: heated (cooled) air in the evaporation-heating unit is supplied through a bell to a profiled wall of the container through a bell, reflecting from which the air flow, passing through the entire container, blows the product, and then through the perforated wall and duct system enters the evaporative heating unit again.

The disadvantage of this method of thermal stabilization of an isothermal container is the heterogeneity of the temperature field in the internal volume of the container, which is a consequence of the presence of stagnant air zones near the perforated wall of the container and entails the possibility of going beyond the specified temperature range necessary to maintain the parameters of the product and, as a result, damage it functionally important elements. The formation of stagnant air zones is associated with the principle of organizing a duct system, in which the air flow enters the ducts, passing through not all openings of the perforated wall, but only those that are in close proximity to adjacent ducts, i.e. along the path of least resistance.

The disadvantages of the design of the prototype are:

1) the absence of structural elements that exclude the effect of natural convection on the uniform temperature distribution in the internal volume of the container. The consequence of this is the different efficiency of the device in the modes of heating and cooling air in the container;

2) the limitation of the possibility of using it for transportation of products with large overall dimensions due to the presence of a duct system in the container, significantly reducing the payload zone in the container. This drawback is significant due to the severe restrictions on the size of goods transported by rail (the requirements of the “Instructions for the transportation of oversized and heavy goods on the railways of the CIS member states, the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, and the Republic of Estonia” dated October 19, 2001) and by air transport (due to the limited dimensions of the cargo compartment). In addition, the duct system, profiled and perforated walls greatly complicate the design of the container;

3) increased energy costs due to the passage of air through the duct system to the open bottom of the air conditioner housing.

The aim of the present invention is to eliminate these disadvantages.

This goal is achieved due to the fact that:

1) air is fed into the space between the side wall of the container and the product, directing the air flow around the perimeter of the container along its side walls in a closed circle;

2) the autonomous housing of the evaporative-heating unit with a fan is equipped with inlet and outlet sockets directed horizontally along the side walls of the container in different directions;

3) the output bell is equipped with a rotary device that changes the angle of its inclination in the vertical plane, setting the desired direction of the air flow.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings. In Fig.1 shows a top view of the container in Fig.2 is a view along arrow A.

The container consists of a thermally insulated housing 1, inside of which in an autonomous housing 2 there is an evaporative-heating unit for the air conditioner, consisting of a refrigerator 3 and a heater 4, and a fan 5. The refrigerator is connected to a compressor 6 installed outside the container. On the inlet and outlet side of the evaporation-heating unit, the autonomous body 2 is provided with an outlet bell 7 and an inlet bell 8 directed horizontally along the side walls of the container. The output bell 7 is equipped with a rotary device 9, changing the angle of its inclination in the vertical plane.

Thermostabilization of an isothermal container is carried out in the following way. Using the evaporative-heating unit of the air conditioner, the air inside the container is heated or cooled, depending on the ambient temperature, and is fed through the outlet pipe 7 into the space between the container side wall and the product using a fan, while directing the air flow through the natural air duct bounded by the side walls container and transported product. The product in this case serves as a "partition" between the high and low pressure areas created by the fan. Air passing from the outlet bell 7 (high pressure region) along the perimeter of the container along its side walls and blowing the product to be transported enters the inlet bell 8 (low pressure region), thus eliminating the possibility of formation of stagnant air zones in the entire container volume.

With an increase in the difference between the ambient air temperature and the set temperature inside the container, the temperature gradient of air along the container perimeter increases from the outlet to the inlet sockets and, as a result, the negative effect of natural convection on maintaining the temperature in a given range and its distribution uniformity increases. The exclusion of this effect is carried out by changing the direction of the air flow by changing the angle of inclination in the vertical plane of the outlet bell by the rotary device 9. In case the ambient air temperature is lower or higher than the set temperature inside the container, the angle of the outlet bell is changed by turning it in the direction of the arrow shown on figure 2, in the direction of (-) or (+), respectively, thereby compensating for the effect of natural convection.

The proposed method of thermal stabilization of an isothermal container and a device for its implementation ensure the uniformity of the temperature field in the internal volume of the container, reduce the effect of natural convection on the uniform temperature distribution, and thereby ensure reliable preservation of the technical characteristics of the transported product, and also significantly simplify the design of the container, increase the area placing payload and reduce energy costs.

From sources of information known to the authors, the applicant does not know containers with a combination of distinctive features of the claimed object.

The experiments on a prototype container manufactured at the enterprise confirmed the correctness of the solution described in the description.

Claims (1)

A device for thermal stabilization of an isothermal container, which blows the product in the container with heated or cooled air, containing air conditioning, the evaporative-heating unit of which, together with the fan, is located in an autonomous housing inside a sealed thermally insulated container body, while the air is supplied by the fan into the space between the side wall of the container and the product, directing the air flow around the perimeter of the container along its side walls in a closed circle, characterized in that genomic housing is provided with inlet and outlet sockets, directed horizontally along the side walls of the container in opposite directions, wherein the socket outlet is provided with a turning device which changes its angle of inclination in the vertical plane, specifying the required direction of airflow.

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