RU2326516C2 - Machine for tree based parts dressing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; agricultural machine building.

SUBSTANCE: machine has a frame, mounted on the draft hitch using parallelogram mechanism with a hydraulic cylinder. The frame has a countershaft parallel-shaft reduction gear unit corpus with tiller rotor at the vertical output shafts with the possibility of turning to the central input shaft. There is a management mechanism referred to the body of tree turn of 180 °. The outer edge of the frame is provided with feeler oriented along the direction and controlling the hydraulic parallelogram mechanism by the distributive valve. The feeler is equipped with an erecting mechanism in the form of double-arm lever enshrined to bend back at the forefront of the feeler. It is also provided with a perpendicular to the direction of traffic-related machinery long arm connected to the flexible traction over the roller with a machine frame. The flexible traction after roller is mounted parallel to the telescopic leg. The double-arm lever long arm has a forward-facing part.

EFFECT: improving the processing efficiency; preventing of plant bruising while dressing the tree based parts.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used for tillage in gardens.

Known tillage tool with a device for controlling the working bodies during plant traversal [1], containing a working body mounted on a parallelogram mechanism, a copy probe, kinematically connected with the valve plug, and a power hydraulic cylinder.

The disadvantage of this device is that it does not provide a minimum protective zone when going around plants, that is, it forms a blemish, plant damage is possible. In addition, to eliminate flaws caused by inaccuracies in driving the unit, it is necessary that the working bodies overlap the lines of a number of plants. Overlapping is determined visually, often with a large margin. This leads to additional costs for re-cultivating the soil in the overlap zone.

Known tillage tool for processing the near-trunk strip in the rows of fruit trees [2], including the working body, control cylinder, valve and associated probe. In order to ensure a minimum protective zone for processing and to reduce damage to tree stands, the probe is made in the form of a spring-loaded profiling gripper and is connected to the control valve by means of a broken lever with an emphasis. This device also works with preliminary overlapping of the line of a number of trees, determined visually with a margin.

A known machine for processing near-stem strips in the garden [3 - prototype], containing a frame mounted on a mounted device using a parallelogram mechanism having a hydraulic cylinder. A frame of a multi-shaft cylindrical gearbox with milling drums on vertical output shafts is attached to the frame, which can be rotated relative to the central input shaft. There is a mechanism for controlling the indicated rotation by 180 ° when bypassing the stem. The frame along the outer edge is equipped with a copier oriented along the direction of movement, controlling the operation of the hydraulic cylinder of the parallelogram mechanism through the valve. In this case, the copier is mounted on the frame by means of a telescopic rack so that the longitudinal axis of the gear case coincides with its middle, and the copier has a length equal to the distance between the trees in a row.

Such a constructive implementation increases the reliability and reduces the energy consumption of the technological process when processing the trunk strip of the garden in two adjacent passages. However, the device has the disadvantage that damage to the tree stands by the front bent part of the copier is possible due to the resistance to transverse movement of the telescopic stand of the copier.

A machine for processing trunks in a garden is proposed, comprising a frame mounted on a hinged device using a parallelogram mechanism having a hydraulic cylinder, a multi-shaft cylindrical gear case with milling drums on vertical output shafts, attached to the frame with the possibility of rotation relative to the central input shaft, a control mechanism for said turning by 180 ° while bypassing the stem and the copier, oriented along the direction of movement, controlling the hydraulic operation through the valve cylinder of the parallelogram mechanism, characterized in that the copier is equipped with a correction mechanism made in the form of a two-shouldered lever pivotally mounted on the front edge of the bent part of the copier with a long shoulder perpendicular to the direction of movement of the machine and connected by a short arm with a flexible rod thrown over the roller with a frame, and flexible traction after the roller is located parallel to the telescopic stand, and the long shoulder of the two shoulders of the lever has a bent part in the direction of travel.

The proposed device completely eliminates damage to the shafts by the front of the copier when it meets a protruding tree. This is achieved by significantly reducing the load on the boom to move the copier in the transverse direction. The bent part of the long shoulder of the two shoulders of the lever of the correction mechanism ensures a smooth transition of the stem from the lever to the straight section of the copier.

Figure 1 shows the device, a top view; figure 2 - scheme of the correction mechanism.

The machine for processing trunks in the garden contains a supporting frame 1 mounted on a mounted device 2 using a parallelogram mechanism 3 having a hydraulic cylinder 4. A housing 5 of a cylindrical gearbox with milling drums 6 on vertical output shafts is attached to the frame, and is rotatable relative to the central input shaft 7. There is a mechanism for controlling the rotation of the housing through 180 ° when bypassing the socket, made in the form of a probe 8, a pusher 9 with a spring 10 connected to a finger 11, which is movably mounted in the sleeve 12 of the frame 1. At the opposite ends of the gear housing 5 there are stops 13, 14 interacting with the finger 11. On the outer edge of the frame 7 is equipped with a copier 15, mounted on a stand 16 with a spring 17. The stand 16 is installed in the bushings 18 and connected to the spool 19 of the hinged valve 20 traction 21. The spool 19 is equipped with a compression spring 22. On the parallelogram mechanism 3 mounted stops 23 and 24, interacting with the spool 19 through the lever 25.

The copier 15 is equipped with a correction mechanism comprising a two-arm lever 26, fixed with a vertical hinge 27 on the edge of the bent portion 28 of the copier with a stop 29. The short shoulder 30 of the lever 26 is connected by a flexible rod 31 thrown through the roller 32 to the frame 1. A flexible rod section 31 in the interval between the roller 32 and the frame 1 is located parallel to the axis of the rack 16. The lever 26 has a bent portion 33.

The technological process of the machine for processing barrels in the garden is as follows. When the unit is moving, the outer side of the housing 5 of the milling section is in the trunk strip. Copier 15 slides over the poles. The housing 5 with milling drums 6 is held by a finger 11 of the control mechanism, interacting with the emphasis 13 of the housing. The tree probe 8 is in contact with the stem 34 and deviates. By means of a system of levers, the finger 11 of the control mechanism is withdrawn from interaction with the stop 13. The gear housing 5 with the milling drums 6 is rotated on the shaft 7 from the reaction force of the knives with the soil. After the probe 8 leaves the stem, the finger 11 by the spring 10 returns to the interaction zone with the stop 14 of the other half of the housing, preventing the section from turning through an angle of more than 180 °. The copier 15 constantly slides along the tree poles and holds the housing 5 at a constant, predetermined distance from the row line. When meeting with a protruding protrusion 34, the lever 26 deviates and, overcoming the force of the spring 17, presses the copier 15 against the frame 1 with a flexible rod 31. retraction of the frame 1 from the row line. The balance of the lever 26 is established with the angle of deviation α from the initial position, depending on the speed of the machine ϑ _m and the speed of the frame ϑ _from . In relative motion, the lever 26 slides at a speed of ϑ _s along the lateral surface of the stem, smoothly transitions to the bent part 33, which by this moment is located along the machine along the copier 15 and the latter effortlessly enters the tree stem.

If the movement of the copier 15 relative to the frame 1 is greater than the stroke of the spool 19, then the difference is compensated by the sag of the articulated rod 21.

The frame 1 is diverted by the hydraulic cylinder 4 from the stem, the spring 17 is opened, extends the articulated rod 21 and puts the spool 19 in the neutral position. The movement of the frame 1 then stops.

If the emphasis in the tree stem is lost, for example, if the next tree is deviated from the row line to the right (according to the drawing), the spring 17 moves the copier 15 to the right, the stand 16 through the rod 21 moves the spool 19 to feed the oil flow into the hydraulic cylinder 4 to shift the frame 1 to the side a row to the stop of the copier 15 in shtamb. Then the spool is moved to the neutral position and the frame stops.

In the extreme positions of the frame 1, the stops 23 and 24 on the parallelogram mechanism 3 through the lever 25 translate the spool 19 of the distributor 20 to the neutral position, thereby eliminating oil overheating.

Thus, the presence of the correction mechanism on the copier significantly reduces the load on the plant when it meets with the boles. Such a constructive implementation will improve the reliability of the process and eliminate injury to plants during the processing of trunks of the garden.

Information sources

1. SU 886770, A01B 39/16 dated 12/07/1981.

2. SU 731913, A01B 39/16; АВВ 13/06 dated 05/15/1980.

3. SU application No. 2004118770/12 (020229), АВВ 39/16 dated 06/21/2004.

Claims (1)

A machine for processing trunks in a garden, comprising a frame mounted on a hinged device using a parallelogram mechanism having a hydraulic cylinder, to which a multi-shaft cylindrical gear housing with milling drums on vertical output shafts is attached, which can be rotated relative to the central input shaft, a control mechanism for said rotation 180 ° when bypassing the stem, and a copier oriented along the direction of movement, controlling the operation of the hydrocyclines through the valve a core of the parallelogram mechanism, characterized in that the copier is equipped with a correction mechanism made in the form of a two-shouldered lever pivotally mounted on the front edge of the bent part of the copier with a long shoulder perpendicular to the direction of movement of the machine and connected by a short shoulder with a flexible rod thrown over the roller with a frame, and the stretch of flexible traction after the roller is parallel to the telescopic stand, and the long shoulder of the two shoulders of the lever has a bent part in the direction of travel.

Images