RU2323301C2 - Three-dimensional frame having cellular structure for ground consolidation (variants) and band for frame production (variants) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction, particularly ground consolidation during road building on bases formed of structurally unstable grounds, for road, pit slope, river bank and hydraulic structure consolidation and so on.

SUBSTANCE: in both variants band is made of polymeric material and has cuts uniformly distributed at spaced apart locations along band length. The cuts are transversal to longer band edge. Each cut has depth equal to half of band width b_s±5%. Cut width is not less than band thickness. In the first variant another band half has depressions opposite to each cut. Each depression has depth h_d=(0.1÷0.2)b_s. Distance between extreme cuts and shorter band edge is equal to 0.2÷1.0 m. In the second variant orifices are formed from both sides of each cut and are located close to cut and to band edge. Two orifices are made opposite to said orifices and located near opposite band edge so that distance between extreme cuts and shorter band edge is equal to 0.2÷1.0 m. In both variants three-dimensional frame includes longitudinal and transversal polymeric bands, which define quadrangular, preferably rectangular, cells. Spacing between cut centers in longitudinal band is equal to or differs from that of transversal bands. Longitudinal bands are laid so that cuts face upwards and receive transversal bands, which are inserted in longitudinal ones so that their cuts face downwards and create joints. In the first variant three-dimensional frame comprises bands, which are made in accordance with the first band production variant. Polymeric strips are placed in longitudinal band depressions and are connected to transversal bands. Transversal band depressions receive polymeric strips fastened to longitudinal bands. In the second frame production variant band made in accordance with the second variant is used. Fastening members, which pivotally connect longitudinal and transversal bands with each other, are located in orifices made in upper three-dimensional frame part, namely in ones created in transversal and longitudinal bands near cuts of longitudinal bands, as well as in orifices made in lower three-dimensional frame part, namely in ones formed in transversal and longitudinal bands near transversal band cuts.

EFFECT: increased tensile strength of the band and decreased material consumption.

10 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction, namely, to reinforce soils during the construction of roads, including on the bases folded by structurally unstable soils, as well as to strengthen slopes of roads, slopes of coastlines and channels of water bodies, slopes of quarries of the mining industry, hydraulic structures and etc.

Closest to the claimed one is a tape made of a polymeric material (RF patent No. 2129189, priority 1998.06.04).

The closest in technical essence to the claimed spatial frame is a spatial frame with a cellular structure for soil reinforcement, made of polymer tapes mounted on the ribs and connected together by welds in a checkerboard pattern, while the tapes are made of a composition containing a mixture of high-pressure polyethylene and low-pressure polyethylene, and the seams are vertically or inclined with respect to the edges of the tapes at a distance of 0.2-1.0 m from each other and have strength at a welding frequency of 1 8-25 kHz not less than 100 kg / cm ² (RF patent No. 2129189, priority 1998.06.04).

The main disadvantage of the known tape and the spatial frame itself is the impossibility of orienting the ribbons making up the spatial frame relative to the action of the maximum loads in the body of the embankment or on the dirt slope, in connection with which there is an overestimated material consumption of the frame. The position of the tapes in the spatial frame determines the uncertainty in their stress-strain state, the non-use of the strength properties of the tapes themselves, which experience mainly bending loads. In addition, when creating a reinforcing cage, it is necessary to use tape welding, which requires expensive equipment and ensuring the equal strength of all welds. During the operation of the spatial frame in the body of the embankment or on a slope in the weld seam of the frame, significant loads can occur, aimed at breaking the seam, which can lead to destruction of the seam and the entire frame as a whole.

When creating the present invention, the technical problem was solved to ensure maximum use of the tensile strength of the tape and reduce the material consumption of the frame.

In addition, when the claimed tapes are used as part of a spatial frame laid in a road structure or on a slope, the fundamental principle of reinforcing building structures is used, namely taking into account the direction of action of maximum stresses.

The technical task in both versions of the tape is solved by the fact that the tape of the spatial frame for soil reinforcement made of a polymer material according to the present invention has slots located along the length of the tape at the same distance from each other and made perpendicular to the long end of the tape. The depth h _{p of} each slot in the tape is half the width of the tape b _l ± 5%, and the width of each b _{p of the} slot is not less than the thickness of the tape t _l , and the distance from the extreme slots to the short end of the tape is in the range from 0.2 m to 1.0 m .

In the first embodiment, opposite each slot in the other half of the width of the tape, recesses are made. The depth h _in each recess in the tape lies within (0.1 ÷ 0.2) of the tape width b _l .

Each recess in the tape can be made with a width b _in , exceeding the tape thickness t _l by (10 ÷ 30)%. Moreover, one edge of each recess is offset along the length of the tape from the vertical, which is a continuation of the slot-to-tape boundary, by a value d equal to the tape thickness t _l .

The width b _in each recess in the tape can be within (2 ÷ 10) the thickness of the tape t _l . Moreover, one edge of each recess is offset along the length of the tape from the vertical, which is a continuation of the slot-to-tape boundary, by a value d equal to the tape thickness t _l .

In the second embodiment, holes are made on both sides of each slot near it and the end, opposite which two holes are made near the opposite end of the tape.

In both versions of the tapes, in the sections between the extreme slots and the short ends of the tapes, holes can be made for mounting fasteners when building the tapes (assembling adjacent frames), and drainage holes can be made in the tapes.

The technical problem posed in terms of the spatial frame with a cellular structure for soil reinforcement in both cases is solved by the fact that the spatial frame made of polymer tapes mounted on the ribs and interconnected, according to the invention consists of longitudinal and transverse polymer tapes forming quadrangular, mainly rectangular cells, _etc. step l between the centers of longitudinal slots in the strips is equal to or different from the pitch l between the centers _{of claims} slits in the transverse strips, the longitudinal l Options placed upward slits into which are inserted tape transverse slits downward, forming interfacing nodes.

In the first embodiment, the spatial frame is made of tapes with recesses, while in the recesses of the longitudinal tapes are polymer strips fastened with transverse tapes, and in the recesses of the transverse tapes are polymer strips fastened with longitudinal tapes.

In the second embodiment, the spatial frame is made of tapes with holes made on both sides of each slot near it and the end, opposite which two holes are made near the opposite end of the tape. In the upper part of the spatial frame in the holes made in the longitudinal tapes and the holes made in the transverse tapes, as well as in the lower part of the spatial frame in the holes made in the longitudinal tapes and holes made in the transverse tapes, fasteners are placed that combine the articulation -Longitudinal and transverse tapes of the spatial frame. The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

- figure 1 presents a side view of the tape according to the first embodiment;

- figure 2 is a side view of the tape according to the second embodiment;

- figure 3 is a top view of the spatial frame according to the first embodiment, made of tapes according to the first embodiment;

- figure 4 is a section aa in figure 3;

- figure 5 is a section bB in figure 3;

- Fig.6 is a top view of the interface node of the longitudinal and transverse tapes of the spatial frame according to the second embodiment, made of tapes according to the second embodiment;

- Fig.7 is a section aa in Fig.6;

- Fig.8 is a section bB in Fig.6.

In both versions, the tape 1 of the spatial frame for soil reinforcement, made of a polymeric material, has slots 2 located along the length of the tape at the same distance from each other and made perpendicular to the long end of the tape. The depth h _{p of} each slot 2 in the tape is half the width of the tape b _l ± 5%, and the width of each b _{p of the} slot 2 is not less than the thickness of the tape t _l . The distance from the extreme slots 2 to the short end of the tape lies in the range from 0.2 m to 1.0 m.

The depth of the slot in the tapes is determined by the fact that in the spatial frame, which is assembled from these tapes, the ends of the longitudinal and transverse tapes would lie in two parallel planes.

The distance from the extreme slots 2 to the short end of the tape (from 0.2 m to 1.0 m) should ensure the connection of the tapes when building spatial frames.

In the first embodiment of the tape, recesses 3 are made opposite each slot on the other half of the width of the tape. The depth h _in each recess in the tape lies within (0.1 ÷ 0.2) of the tape width b _l .

Each recess 3 in the tape can be made with a width b _in , exceeding the tape thickness t _l by (10 ÷ 30)%. In this case, one edge of each recess is offset along the length of the tape from the vertical 4, which is a continuation of the slot-to-tape boundary, by a value d equal to the tape thickness t _l .

The width b _in each recess in the tape can be within (2 ÷ 10) the thickness of the tape t _l . In this case, one edge of each recess is offset along the length of the tape from the vertical 4, which is a continuation of the slot-to-tape boundary, by a value d equal to the tape thickness t _l .

In the second embodiment of the tape, holes 5 are made on both sides of each slot near it and the end, opposite to which two holes 6 are made near the opposite end of the tape.

In the sections of the tapes in both cases, between the extreme slots 2 and the short ends of the tapes, holes 7 can be made for installing fasteners (not shown conditionally) when building tapes or connecting spatial frames.

In the tapes of both options can be made drainage holes (conventionally not shown).

The spatial framework with a cellular structure for soil reinforcement consists of longitudinal 8 and transverse 9 polymer ribbons forming quadrangular, mainly rectangular cells. The step L _pr between the centers of the slots in the longitudinal tapes 8 is equal to or different from the step L _pp between the centers of the slots in the transverse tapes 9. The longitudinal tapes 8 are placed with the slots up, into which the transverse tapes 9 are slots downward, forming mating nodes.

In the first embodiment of a spatial frame with a cellular structure for soil reinforcement, in the recesses 3 of the longitudinal tapes 8 are polymer strips 10 fastened with transverse tapes 9 (fasteners are not shown conditionally), and in the recesses of 3 transverse tapes 9 are polymer strips 11 fastened with longitudinal tapes 8 (fixture conventionally not shown). The width of the polymer strips 10 and 11 should be no greater than the depths of the corresponding recesses in the tapes 9 and 8.

The polymer strips 10 and 11 are attached to the respective tapes 9 and 8 in any known manner, for example, with metal brackets mounted with a stapler.

When the depth of the notch is less than 0.1 of the width of the tape b _l , the corresponding width of the polymer strip will not provide sufficient joint work of the parts of the tapes that are adjacent to the slots. When the depth of the recess is greater than 0.2 of the width of the tape b _l , the working section of the tape is significantly reduced, which reduces its bearing capacity.

The polymer strips 10 and 11 perform two functions.

First, reinforce those parts of tapes that are adjacent to the slots, perceiving tensile loads, and also transfer loads to the corresponding tapes 9 and 8. In this regard, spatial frames with a cellular structure for soil reinforcement, made according to the first embodiment, must be oriented along relative to the current loads so that the strips are in contact with perpendicular tapes.

Secondly, after fastening the strips 10 and 11 to the respective tapes 9 and 8, the spatial frame becomes one-piece, which is of great importance when it is laid in a road structure or on a slope.

In the second embodiment, in the upper part of the spatial frame in the holes 5 made in the longitudinal tapes 8 and the holes 6 made in the transverse tapes 9, as well as in the lower part of the spatial frame in the holes 6 made in the longitudinal tapes 8 and holes 5 made in the transverse tapes 9, fasteners 12 are placed, combining the articulated longitudinal and transverse tapes of the spatial frame.

After installing the fasteners 12, the spatial frame becomes one-piece, which is of great importance when it is laid in a road structure or on a slope.

The first version of the spatial frame with a cellular structure for soil reinforcement is intended for assembly mainly at the construction site, but can also be assembled in the factory.

Tapes with recesses with a width exceeding the tape thickness t _l by (10 ÷ 30)% should be used to assemble a spatial frame with a cellular structure for reinforcing soils mainly in a construction site.

Tapes with recesses, the width of which is within (2 ÷ 10) of the tape thickness t _l , should be used to assemble a spatial frame with a cellular structure for reinforcing soils mainly in the factory.

The second option is intended for assembly mainly in the factory, but can also be assembled in a building site.

Spatial frames with a cellular structure for soil reinforcement, made according to the second embodiment and according to the first embodiment with a notch width within (2 ÷ 10) of the tape thickness t _l , can be folded into a bag, the length of which will be the sum of the lengths of one longitudinal and one transverse tapes.

There are two ways to connect spatial frames to each other. According to the first method, spatial frames are interconnected by combining with the overlap of longitudinal (transverse) tapes of adjacent frames and connecting the tapes with metal staples using staplers.

According to the second method, spatial frames are interconnected by aligning the holes 7 of the longitudinal (transverse) tapes of adjacent frames and passing fasteners into them, which can serve as steel strips or strips of polymer material, which should be equipped with position fixers for the aligned ribbons.

Spatial wireframes can be stacked on fiberglass to prevent the scaffold from being sunk into the ground and increase the rigidity of the skeleton.

When reinforcing the soil of the roadway, performed without a hard coating, in order to exclude the formation of ruts, the step between the longitudinal tapes should be less than the step between the transverse tapes. The distance between the extreme longitudinal tapes in the package should be equal to the width of the road.

When reinforcing the soil to prevent slope collapse inside the road embankment, as well as in the interface between the embankment and the weak base (in this case, the prism of the collapse of the massif of the ground can be captured with a weak base), increased loads will be absorbed by the transverse tapes, and therefore the distance between them should be less than the distance between the longitudinal tapes.

When reinforcing soil slopes, elevated loads are perceived by tapes located perpendicular to the axis of the road (transverse tapes), as a result of which the distance between them should be less than the distance between the longitudinal tapes.

Claims (10)

1. The tape spatial frame for soil reinforcement, made of a polymeric material, characterized in that it has slots located along the length of the tape at the same distance from each other and made perpendicular to the long end of the tape, the depth h _{l of} each slot in the tape is half the width of the tape b _l ± 5%, and the width b _{p of} each slot is not less than the thickness of the tape t _l , recesses are made on the other half of the tape width opposite each slot, the depth h _in each recess in the tape is within the range (0.1 ÷ 0, 2) the width of the tape b _l , and the distance The distance from the extreme slots to the short end of the tape lies in the range from 0.2 m to 1.0 m. 2. The tape according to claim 1, characterized in that each recess in the tape is made with a width b _in which exceeds the thickness of the tape t _l by (10 ÷ 30)%, while one edge of each recess is offset along the length of the tape from the vertical, which is a continuation the boundaries of the slotted tape by a value d equal to the thickness of the tape t _l . 3. The tape according to claim 1, characterized in that each recess in the tape is made with a width b _in lying within (2 ÷ 10) the thickness of the tape t _l , while one edge of each recess is offset along the length of the tape from the vertical, which is a continuation the boundaries of the slotted tape by a value d equal to the thickness of the tape t _l . 4. The tape according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that between the extreme slots and the short ends of the tapes, holes are made for installing fasteners when building tapes while connecting the spatial frames to each other. 5. The tape according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that it has drainage holes. 6. The tape spatial frame for soil reinforcement, made of a polymeric material, characterized in that it has slots located along the length of the tape at the same distance from each other and made perpendicular to the long end of the tape, the depth h _{p of} each slot in the tape is equal to half the width of the tape b _l ± 5%, while the width b of each slot _n - not less than ribbon thickness t _l, on both sides of each slot near its end and provided with holes, which oppositely near an opposite end of the tape is provided with two openings, and p Normal distance from the extreme end to the short slots tape lies in the range from 0.2 m to 1.0 m. 7. The tape according to claim 6, characterized in that between the extreme slots and the short ends of the tapes are made holes for installing fasteners when building tapes during the connection of spatial frames with each other. 8. The tape according to claim 6, characterized in that it has drainage holes. 9. A spatial frame with a cellular structure for soil reinforcement made of polymer tapes mounted on ribs and interconnected, characterized in that it consists of longitudinal and transverse polymer tapes forming quadrangular, mainly rectangular cells, in the tapes perpendicular to the long end face the slots located along the length of the tape at the same distance from each other, the depth h _{p of} each slot in the tape is half the width of the tape b _l ± 5%, and the width b _{p of} each slot is not less than the width of the tape is t _l , the step L _pr between the centers of the slots in the longitudinal tapes is equal to or different from the step L _pp between the centers of the slots in the transverse tapes, the longitudinal tapes are placed with the slots up, into which the transverse tapes are slots downward, forming mating nodes; recesses are made in each tape opposite each slot, in the recesses of the longitudinal tapes are polymer strips fastened to the transverse tapes, and in the recesses of the transverse tapes are polymer strips fastened to the longitudinal tapes. 10. A spatial frame with a cellular structure for soil reinforcement made of polymer tapes mounted on ribs and interconnected, characterized in that it consists of longitudinal and transverse polymer tapes forming quadrangular, mainly rectangular cells, in the tapes perpendicular to the long end face slits disposed along the length of tape at the same distance from each other, the depth h _n in each slot is equal to half the tape width of the tape b _l ± 5%, while the width b of each slot _n - not less than ness tape t _L, Step L between the centers of _straight slits in said longitudinal strips equal to or different from the pitch L _{of claims} between centers in slits transverse strips, the longitudinal ribbons slits arranged upward, which are inserted in transverse slots down belt forming interfacing nodes tapes; holes are made on both sides of each slot near it and the end, opposite which two holes are made near the opposite ends of the tapes, in the holes in the upper part of the spatial frame made in transverse and longitudinal tapes near the slots of the longitudinal tapes, as well as in the holes in the lower part of the spatial frame made in longitudinal and transverse tapes near the slots of the transverse tapes, fasteners are placed, combining articulated longitudinal and transverse tapes.

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