RU2322533C1 - Device for compression wash out of laboratory sample of wool - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: device for compression wash out of laboratory sample of wool has bath for detergent, meshed cassette for wool t be treated provided with false bottom and compression unit for pressing mass of wool; cassette is disposed inside bath. Compression unit is provided with drive to bring it into reciprocal motion. Device is provided with perforated collector for compressed air, which collector is mounted in bath under false bottom of cassette where wool to be treated is pressed in detergent solution due to spring-loaded compression unit for provision of pressure within 10-120 kPa. Compression unit, made in form of movable piston with sliding clutch and its lock are mounted onto rod. Clutch and lock are connected with return spring and rest. Compression cinematically communicates with cock onto air duct, which duct provides supply of compressed air into cassette in position when piston is put up only. Relation of cross-section area of bath and meshed cassette has to be 1,4 and higher. Relation of height of liquid detergent in meshed cassette above false bottom and under it has to be 1,6 and higher. Meshed cassette with false bottom and piston of compression unit are made of perforated material having live section coefficient of 0,3 and higher.

EFFECT: reduced time for washing wool out; reduced consumption of water and detergent.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the wool industry, mainly to primary processing of wool, and can be used for washing wool of a laboratory sample in determining the yield of pure fiber [1] in large-scale wool-producing farms and intermediary organizations.

From the level of technology, there are known washing machines for washing the wool of laboratory samples, containing a bath with washing liquid, a tray with a mesh in its lower part to catch the washed fiber when draining the waste liquid, and a washing mechanism in the form of rubberized squeezing rollers with retractable pegs [ 2]. Despite the differences in design, well-known machines have the same principle of action: unwashed wool of a laboratory sample after locking is placed in a container with washing liquid; they have a mechanical effect on the wool with the aim of its intensive interaction with the washing liquid, during which the contaminants from the wool pass into the washing solution and settle on the bottom of the tank or pass through the grid of the tray into the bath; after a certain time, the wool is removed from the liquid and the next stage of liquid processing is carried out, or at the end of its fiber is transferred to the spin and drying. The result of washing the wool (washing and rinsing) depends on the choice of structural elements of the working bodies of the machine, ensuring the intensity of interaction of the wool fiber and the washing liquid. On well-known machines, the interaction intensity is ensured by repeatedly passing wool in a liquid between the rollers and loosening it after compression with ring agitators, while the exchange of washing liquid between the pan in which the wool is washed and the bath as a container for washing liquid is carried out only through its bottom mesh. The use of known machines requires significant water consumption per test sample (from 19 to 50 liters), respectively, and a large consumption of detergents.

Known washing machines for the wool of laboratory samples taken from bales by a cutting sampler [3, 4], containing a washing bath with a mesh bottom or perforated plate adjacent to the walls of the bath to catch the washed fiber when draining the spent solutions, and a washing mixer or other mixing device. The disadvantages of the known devices, in addition to the above, also refers to the wool self-sustainability during the washing process, which affects the quality of subsequent analyzes.

A device for liquid processing of fibrous material [5] is known, comprising a bath for the processing liquid, a drum placed therein with perforated material cassettes fixed on its outer surface by spring-loaded latches, a spring-loaded squeeze shaft, and a material shaker in the form of a drive shaft with protrusions on the surface installed in the bath with the possibility of interaction with the cassettes, and a pressure roller located in the bath with the ability to move to the surface of the drum in e th radial direction. The known device is taken as the closest technical solution to the proposed.

The disadvantages of this device are: the duration of the washing procedure for wool laboratory samples; high consumption of water and detergents; ineffective pressing by a spring-loaded shaft and a pressure roller due to compression of the wool in the cassette to a density of 80-110 kg / m ³ , insufficient for this washing method at the required density of about 200 kg / m ³ ; underwater shaker does not provide loosening of wool in the cassette to the initial density of 50-60 kg / m ³ . In addition, the external mechanical effect on a soft cassette with wool in a limited volume contributes to its coiling, which leads to a decrease in the quality of washing [6].

The technical problem solved in the claimed invention is to reduce the time of washing the wool of laboratory samples, reducing the consumption of water and detergents, as well as improving the quality of washing by reducing the wool content of wool.

The technical result of the invention, which consists in eliminating these drawbacks, in a device for compression washing the wool of a laboratory sample, containing a bath for washing liquid, a mesh cassette for processed wool with a false bottom and a compression unit for compressing the mass of wool located inside it equipped with a drive for returning it - translational movement is achieved by the fact that it is equipped with a perforated collector for compressed air mounted in the bath under the false bottom of the cassette, in which A swarm of processed wool is compressed in a washing solution by means of a spring-loaded compression unit with the possibility of providing a pressure within 10 ÷ 20 kPa. At the same time, the compression unit, made in the form of a movable piston mounted on the rod with a sliding sleeve and its lock, connected to the return spring and stop, is kinematically connected with a valve on the air duct, providing compressed air to the cartridge only when the piston is raised. In addition, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the bath and the mesh cartridge should be at least 1.4, the ratio of the height of the washing liquid in the mesh cartridge above and below the false bottom and not less than 1.6, and the mesh cartridge with the false bottom and compression piston the blocks are made of perforated material with a living section coefficient of at least 0.3.

The combination of all the essential features that determine the composition of the proposed device and are integral parts of it, allows you to use it as a means to carry out compression washing of the laboratory sample wool and achieve the necessary results in solving the technological problem of the invention.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a device for compression washing the wool of a laboratory sample; figure 2 is a diagram of the kinematic connection of the unit with the air duct.

A device for compression washing of the laboratory sample wool consists of a bath 1, at the bottom of which a drain valve 2 for washing liquid 3 is installed, with a mesh cassette 4 with a false bottom 5 placed in it, processed with wool 6 and a compression unit, and also perforated mounted below the cassette a compressed air manifold 7 connected to the air duct 8. The compression unit comprises a rod 9, a movable piston 10, a sliding sleeve 11 with its lock 12, a return spring 13 and a stop 14. The compression unit is equipped with a drive 15 e a reciprocating movement and is kinematically connected through crosspiece 16, pusher 17, arm 18 and roller 19 with the crane 20 the air pipe 8 compressed air. The traverse 16 is made in the form of a “breaking” lever with a hinge 21 and two return leaf springs 22.

The main characteristics in the proposed device are:

- a mesh cassette located in the bathtub with a false bottom and wool, which is processed in a washing solution by repeatedly compressing it under pressure by means of a spring-loaded compression unit located inside the cassette, equipped with a drive for its reciprocating movement and kinematically connected with a tap on the air duct providing compressed air to cartridge only when lifting the piston. Otherwise, when the wool is compressed by a descending piston, the effect of sparging it with compressed air will not reach the expected result of loosening of the wool and its ascent;

- a compression unit made in the form of a movable piston mounted on a rod with a sliding sleeve and its lock, connected by a return spring and an abutment. This design of the unit allows you to provide pressure on the wool in the washing fluid within 10 ÷ 20 kPa, necessary and sufficient for washing the wool fiber, taking into account its physical properties (various fineness groups) and maintaining its quality;

- a perforated collector for compressed air mounted in the bathtub under the false bottom of the cartridge, connected to the air duct and designed to distribute the compressed air supply under the layer of wool mass compressed in the liquid to loosen it and ensure quick ascent in time, commensurate with the time the piston rises;

- the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the bath and the mesh cartridge should be at least 1.4, which will allow the wool to interact with the washing liquid in the process of washing the sample and reduce foaming in the gap between the cartridge and the bath;

- the ratio of the height of the washing liquid in the mesh cassette above the false bottom and under it should be at least 1.6 to exclude the return of washed suspended impurities back to the wool mass when compressed air is fed into it;

- mesh cassette with a false bottom and the piston of the compression unit are made of perforated material with a coefficient of living section of at least 0.3. This embodiment of the elements of perforated material provides sufficient structural rigidity during operation of the device with the possibility of unhindered passage of the washing fluid through the perforation.

A device for compression washing the wool of a laboratory sample works as follows.

A laboratory sample 6 of unwashed wool weighing 200 g [1] is placed in a mesh cassette 4 with a compression unit, placed in a bath 1 with a closed drain valve 2, into which washing liquid 3 is then poured to a certain level. The piston 10 of the compression unit is installed in the extreme top position. Turn on the supply of compressed air to the air duct 8 and close the valve 20 (“Closed” position) by turning the handle 18. The actuator 15 of the reciprocating movement of the compression unit is turned on. When the block moves down, the piston 10 compresses the wool 6 in the liquid. In the process of compression, the contaminants are intensively separated from the fiber of the sample 6 and transferred to the washing liquid 3 and further from the cartridge 4 — the zone of active influence on the wool — through perforation of the false bottom 5, the walls of the cartridge 4 and piston 10 of the pollution pass into the bath 1. In this case the clamp 12 is installed on the block providing pressure within 10 ÷ 20 kPa depending on the fineness of the treated wool 6. In case of exceeding the pressure higher than the set value, the ball clamp 12 is activated and releases the clutch 11 with the rod 9 of the compression block . The piston 10 with the clutch 11 stops, and the rod 9 continues to move, compressing the return spring 13 through the stop 14. When the compression block moves down, the pusher 17 of the crosshead 16 meets the roller 19 of the handle 18 of the crane 20 and, since the handle 18 is in its lowest position “ Closed ", the pusher 17 bends upward, bending the upper leaf spring 22, and passes with the traverse 16 down. At this moment, the upper leaf spring 22 returns the pusher 17 down to the target with the yoke 16. When the block moves up, the spring 13 returns the piston 10 with the clutch 11 to its original position and the ball lock 12 is installed in the recess of the rod 9 under the action of the spring 13, fixing the piston 10. At the same time, when the block moves up, the pusher 17, meeting the roller 19 of the handle 18 of the crane 20, turns the handle 18 to the "Open" position due to the fact that the stiffness of the springs is greater than the resistance of the handle. At the same time, compressed air enters through the manifold 7 through the air duct 8. Air bubbles intensively loosen the wool and ensure its rapid ascent, while contributing to an additional separation of contaminants from the wool fibers. With a further rise of the rod 9 of the compression unit, the pusher 17 passes the roller 19 of the handle 18, which is in its highest position, and, under the action of the lower spring 22, is installed in alignment with the traverse 16. At the next moment, the compression unit is lowered by the drive 15 and the pusher 17, meeting the roller 19 of the handle 18 of the crane 20, turns the handle 18 to the lowest position “Closed” and, continuing to move downward, is installed in the alignment with the traverse 16. The supply of compressed air to the cassette 4 is stopped, and the compression of the wool 6 in the liquid drops EDSS 10 extends, i.e., processing continues. After a predetermined number of cycles of lowering and raising the piston 10 when washing the wool, the drive 15 is turned off, the drain valve 2 of the bath 1 is opened and the spent washing liquid 3 is drained. Then the bath 1 is filled to the same level with rinsing water, the drive 15 is started and the compression cycle is repeated and bubbling wool. At the end of the rinsing of the wool, the waste water is drained, opening the drain valve 2 at the bottom of the bath 1, and the actuator 15 with the compression unit is raised to the position where the piston 10 is removed from the cartridge 4. After washing, the wool 6 is removed from the cartridge 4, squeezed and transferred to drying in in accordance with the technology of washing samples. The drain valve 2 is opened and rinsed with a bath 1 and a cassette 4 for washing the wool of the next sample.

Experimental studies conducted on a laboratory sample during the development of the inventive device for compression washing the wool of the laboratory sample in comparison with the known devices showed the possibility of increasing the productivity and efficiency of washing the wool of the laboratory sample while reducing the consumption of water and detergents.

The proposed device while maintaining the quality of the wool fiber can increase the washing performance of the laboratory sample wool, selected by different methods, 2-6 times, reduce water consumption by 1.5-4.0 times, detergents by 1.2-3.0 times, to exclude wooliness after washing.

Information sources

1. GOST 30190-2000. The wool is unwashed. Methods for determining the yield of pure fiber Interstate. standard. - Enter. first time 09/01/2000. - Minsk: Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification, 2001. - 12 p.

2. Determination of the quality of unwashed wool and the yield of pure fiber: a Methodological guide. - M .: V.O. "Agropromizdat", 1989. - P.17-23.

3. IWTO-19-85 (E). Determination of Wool Base and Vegetable Matter Base of Core Samples of Raw Wool (Original version).

4. Specification of Wool Testing Equipment for Establishment of Wool Testing Laboratory within the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics: Australian Wool Testing Authority (AWTA). - Australia, 1977 - p.5, Appendix 1.

5. A.S. 861409 RF, MKI ⁵ D01B 3/04. - Publ. 09/07/81, bull. No. 33.

6. Luvishis, L.A. Technical control in primary processing and spinning of wool / L.A. Luvishis, E.I. Birenbaum. - M.: Light Industry, 1969. - P.142.

Claims (1)

A device for the compression washing of wool of a laboratory sample, containing a bath for washing liquid, a mesh cassette for processed wool with a false bottom and a compression unit located inside for compressing the mass of wool, equipped with a drive for its reciprocating movement, characterized in that it is equipped with a perforated a collector for compressed air mounted in the bath under the false bottom of the cassette, in which the treated wool is compressed in a washing solution by means of a spring-loaded compressor of the ession block with the possibility of providing pressure within 10 ÷ 20 kPa, while the compression block, made in the form of a movable piston mounted on the rod with a sliding sleeve and its clamp, connected to a return spring and an abutment, is kinematically connected to a tap on the air duct providing compressed air air into the cartridge only when lifting the piston, and the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the bath and the mesh cartridge should be at least 1.4, the ratio of the height of the level of washing liquid in the mesh cartridge above the false bottom underneath must be at least 1.6, and screen cassette with a false bottom and a compression of the piston are made of perforated material with an open area ratio of not less than 0.3.

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