RU2321440C1 - Device for cleaning high-turbidity waters - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water supply systems.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises floating water-cleaning plant composed of clarifier made of inclined thin-layered modules (9), vertical baffles (10) and filter (11) that underlie the modules, water collecting chutes (12), collector (13) of washing water with branch pipes, water-receiving chamber (14), pressure line (18), and open settler. The inlet of the settler is provided with a member for discharging water provided with a wide threshold, and the outlet of the settler is provided with prechamber having near-bottom ports for discharging water. The ports connect the prechamber with discharging collector (13) of washing water and settle agent in the top water layer of which the floating water-cleaning plant is mounted. Water-receiving chamber (14) of floating water-cleaning plant receives electrode unit (15) and submersible electric pump (16).

EFFECT: expanded functional capabilities.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of reagent-free purification of natural waters taken directly from a surface watercourse, and can be used in drinking water and industrial water supply systems.

Known floating water intake-clarifier (AS USSR No. 885466, class EV 0332, BI No. 44 dated 11/30/81), consisting of a water-lifting installation with suction and discharge lines, connected by a hinge to a discharge pipe of clarified water; a clarifier in the form of a thin-layer module, consisting of a package of inclined elements placed in a rigid cage with an open bottom, which is divided by vertical partitions into cells communicating with the inlet openings of the thin-layer elements.

The disadvantage of the above floating water intake-clarifier is that it is possible to remove only coarsely dispersed particles with a hydraulic particle size U ₀ > 0.12-0.15 mm / s, and for further water treatment it is necessary to construct additional settling and filtering facilities on the shore, which increases the cost of building water systems.

Known floating water treatment plant on pontoons with an open bottom, consisting of a water-lifting device with suction and discharge lines, a clarifier in the form of thin-layer elements, above which is installed a filter with a floating charge, in the thickness of which there are chutes facing the open part to the upper part of the installation, equipped with a sealed cover. The gutters are located on the same level with the filtrate collection manifold and communicate with it through the holes. (USSR AS No. 1733043, class B01D 21/02, BI No. 18, 05/15/92).

The disadvantage of this device is the limited range of suspended solids in the source water and the inability to remove dissolved mineral and organic compounds from water.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved technical result to the claimed invention is a floating water treatment plant with an open bottom, containing a lifting device with suction and discharge lines, a clarifier in the form of inclined thin-layer elements with vertical partitions beneath them, a filter with a floating load, made in the form installed vertically and connected by large bases of truncated pyramids with vertical partitions in the upper part, forming a slit Eve channels, with a collector for collecting wash water with nozzles located in slotted channels, while adjacent pyramids with lateral faces form catchments of clarified water. (USSR AS No. 1581343, class B01D 21/02, EV 3/32, BI No. 28, 07/30/90).

The disadvantage of this device is also the limited range of suspended solids in the source water (up to 1.5-2.0 g / l) and its inability to purify water from dissolved technogenic impurities in the water.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the range of permissible suspended solids in the source water (up to 5-10 g / l) and to ensure effective removal of dissolved organic and mineral impurities from it.

The specified technical result is achieved in that a device for treating high-water waters, including a floating water treatment plant, consisting of a clarifier in the form of inclined thin-layer modules, under which vertical partitions, a filter with a floating load, a partition restricting the filter from above, and made in the form of vertically mounted and truncated pyramids connected by large bases, adjacent lateral faces of which form drainage channels, a wash water collector with nozzles, a water intake of the outlet chamber, the discharge line contains an open-type bucket sump, the inlet of which is equipped with a spillway with a wide threshold, and the outlet is equipped with an upstream chamber connected to the outlet collector of the washing water and sediment, while the floating water treatment plant is located in the upper water layer of the downstream chamber, and in the water intake chamber The floating water treatment plant is additionally equipped with an electrode unit and an electric submersible pump.

The bucket sump is made in the form of an overturned pyramid, in the lower part of which a longitudinal tray is placed, made with a slope towards the exit.

The avankamera is equipped with bottom water outlet windows covered by gates. The submersible electric pump is located in the water intake chamber under the electrode block and is connected to the discharge line supplying water to the clean water tank, and, through a separate pipeline, to the wash water collector. The electrode block is made in the form of a construction of magnetite anodes, the average diameter of which is 1.5 ... 5.0 cm, and wire mesh cathodes made of stainless steel.

Figure 1 shows a device for the treatment of high-water waters, a General view, figure 2 is a longitudinal section of a floating water treatment plant.

A device for treating high-water waters (Fig. 1) consists of an open-type bucket sump 1 made in the form of an overturned pyramid, in the lower part of which there is a longitudinal tray 2 with a slope towards the exit. At the inlet, the bucket sump 1 is equipped with a spillway 3 with a wide threshold, and at the outlet, an anterior chamber 4 with a bottom outlet windows 5 connecting the anterior chamber 4 with a discharge collector 6 of washing water and sediment. The water outlet windows 5 are equipped with periodically opening and closing gates 7. In the upper layer of water located in the chamber 4, there is a floating water treatment plant 8 "clarifier-filter" (Fig.2), which contains a clarifier in the form of inclined thin-layer elements 9 with vertical partitions 10 serving to improve the hydrodynamic conditions of the flow inlet to the thin-layer elements 9, the filter 11 with a floating load, bounded above by a partition made in the form of vertically mounted and connected by large the bases of truncated pyramids, adjacent lateral faces of which form catchments 12 of clarified water. Above the filter 11 there is a wash water collector 13 with branches and nozzles. The drainage chutes 12 are connected to a common pipe (not shown) that discharges the clarified water into the intake chamber 14, in which the electrode unit 15 and the submersible electric pump 16 are installed. The submersible electric pump 16 is connected through a hinge 17 to the discharge line 18, which supplies water to the clean water tank, located on the shore (in the filtering mode), and using a separate pipe 19 by the wash water collector 13 (in the filter washing mode). The electrode block 15 is a construction of magnetite anodes, the average diameter of which is 1.5 ... 5.0 cm and wire mesh cathodes made of stainless steel. Floating water treatment plant 8 is mounted on the pontoon 20 and connected to the shore with a service bridge 21.

The device operates as follows.

High-turbulent water from the upper layers of the watercourse through the spillway 3 with a wide threshold enters the bucket sump 1, where coarse suspension and fine sand are deposited along the horizontal path of water. From the end section of the bucket sump 1, 40-60% clarified water flows by gravity to the floating water treatment plant 8 (“clarifier-filter”). Water is supplied from below through the open bottom of the floating water treatment plant 8 and the vertical partitions 10 and evenly enters the inlet holes of the inclined thin-layer clarifier elements 9, where smaller particles of suspension are sequentially deposited. Next, the water in an upward flow enters the filter 11 with a floating charge, in which the water is purified from mineral impurities. The purified water enters the drainage channels 12, from where it flows through a common pipeline to the electrode block 15 located in the water intake chamber 14. In the electrode block 15, the electrochemical water is purified from organomineral contaminants in the dissolved state due to the redox process. The water that has passed the cleaning in the electrode block 15 is collected in the lower part of the water intake chamber 14, from where it is taken by the submersible electric pump 16 and fed to the shore via the discharge line 18. In the washing mode of the filter, the valve on the discharge line 18 closes, the valve on the pipeline 19 opens, after which the water enters the wash water collector 13.

To clean the bucket sump 1 and ditch chamber 4 from alluvial deposits, gates 7 are opened on the water outlet windows 5, after which, due to the difference in water levels at the inlet of the bucket sump 1 and at the point of connection of the outlet collector 6 to the watercourse, sediment is placed along the tray 2 and inclined planes the bottoms of the chamber 4 are discharged into the watercourse downstream.

The proposed device is industrial, has a much larger acceptable range for the content of suspended devices in the source water (up to 5-10 g / l), allows you to carry out the entire technological cycle from the intake of water from a surface high-pressure water source to bring its quality to drinking condition in a single water treatment complex.

Along with the achieved sanitary and hygienic indicators of the quality of purified water, its complete disinfection from microorganisms is ensured, since the electrolysis of aqueous solutions is accompanied by the formation of strong disinfectants in the volume of the electrolyte. The application of an electric field to the treated water causes the death of microorganisms, and thus treated water loses its ability to rot.

The application of the present invention also provides a high economic effect by reducing investments in the construction of two-stage treatment facilities, preliminary clarification at the place of water intake from a surface source, settling and filtering on land.

The area for treatment facilities is reduced by 3-5 times. Eliminates the need for the construction of facilities for the collection, processing and disposal of sludge from waterworks of a similar purpose.

Claims (5)

1. A device for treating high-water waters, including a floating water treatment plant, consisting of a clarifier in the form of inclined thin-layer modules, under which are placed vertical partitions, a filter with a floating charge, a partition that restricts the filter from above, and made in the form of truncated vertically connected and connected by large bases pyramids, adjacent lateral faces of which form drainage channels, a wash water collector with nozzles, a water intake chamber, a discharge line, characterized in that then it contains an open-type bucket sump, the entrance of which is equipped with a spillway with a wide threshold, and the outlet is equipped with an advance chamber connected to the outlet collector of washing water and sludge, while the floating water treatment plant is located in the upper water layer of the advance chamber, and in the water intake chamber of the floating water treatment plant An electrode block and a submersible electric pump are installed. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bucket sump is made in the form of an overturned pyramid, in the lower part of which there is a longitudinal tray made with a slope towards the exit. 3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the avankamer is equipped with bottom water outlet windows covered by gates. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the submersible pump is located in the water intake chamber under the electrode block and is connected to the discharge line supplying water to the clean water tank, and through a separate pipeline to the wash water collector. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrode block is made in the form of a structure of magnetite anodes, the average diameter of which is 1.5 ... 5.0 cm, and wire mesh cathodes made of stainless steel.

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