RU2321144C1 - Stepping electric motor - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electric engineering, stepping electric motors with reactive rotors, possible use in industrial transporting or instrumental electro-mechanical systems.

SUBSTANCE: electric motor contains body, stator packet with multi-phased winding and poles, which have teeth. The teeth on adjacent poles are shifted relatively to each other for 1/m of tooth point, where m - number of phases. Magnetic conductor of rotor is made with teeth. On the shaft, coaxial hollow cylinders of rotor are positioned, which alternate with hollow cylinders of stator, which consist of ferromagnetic and non-magnetic elements, positioned along the axis of rotation. Rotor cylinders are mechanically connected to magnetic conductor of rotor through non-magnetic disk. Cylinders of stator are attached to body by means of non-magnetic bushing. Teeth of poles and ferromagnetic elements of stator cylinders, and also cylinders of magnetic conductor and ferromagnetic elements of rotor cylinders have their identical angular positions. Due to introduction of additional hollow cylinders of rotor and stator, resulting electric motor has high mass and size characteristics.

EFFECT: improved mass and size characteristics.

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Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular to stepping motors with jet rotors, and can be used in industrial, transport and instrumentation electromechanical systems.

Known stepper motor, consisting of a housing, shaft, a stator with smooth poles and a three-phase winding and a gear rotor (V.V. Khrushchev. Electric machines of automation systems. - L .: Energoatomizdat, 1985) [1].

The disadvantage of these engines are low overall dimensions.

The closest to the claimed electric motor in composition and functional features is a multi-phase stepper motor containing a housing, a shaft, a rotor with teeth and a stator with 1 / m (m is the number of phases) of the gear division of the rotor displaced by phase zones relative to each other, consisting of adjacent toothed poles covered by phase coils sequentially counter-connected to each other (patent No. 2113755, Н02К 37/02, publ. 2003.12.27, B. No. 36) [2].

The disadvantage of this engine is the low overall dimensions, since the interaction between the stator and the rotor occurs on one cylindrical surface in the working gap.

The technical result to which the claimed invention is directed is to improve the overall dimensions of a stepper motor.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in an electric motor containing a housing, a shaft, a rotor magnetic circuit with teeth, a stator package with a multiphase winding and with poles having teeth, the teeth at adjacent poles are shifted relative to each other by 1 / m of gear division, where m is the number of phases, alternating coaxial hollow cylinders of the rotor and stator are introduced, consisting of ferromagnetic and non-magnetic elements located along the axis of rotation, the rotor cylinders being mechanically connected to the rotor magnetic circuit, and the stator cylinders to by pus, while the teeth of the poles and the ferromagnetic elements of the cylinders of the stator, as well as the teeth of the magnetic circuit and the ferromagnetic elements of the cylinders of the rotor have their same angular positions.

The essence of the claimed invention is illustrated in Fig.1-5,

Where

Figure 1 is a cross section of a three-phase stepper motor;

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of a three-phase stepper motor;

Figure 3 - part of the magnetic system of the engine;

Figure 4 - graphs of the supply voltage of the motor winding;

Figure 5 - implementation of the invention in the case of a translational motion engine.

Here: 1 - housing, 2 - stator package, 3 - multiphase winding, 4 - rotor magnetic circuit, 5 - shaft, 6 - hollow rotor cylinders, 7 - stator hollow cylinders, 8 - ferromagnetic elements of the stator and rotor hollow cylinders, 9 - non-magnetic elements of the hollow cylinders of the stator and rotor, 10 - a non-magnetic disk, 11 - a non-magnetic sleeve, 12 - a stator, 13 - a rotor, 14 - a stator package of a translational motion motor, 15 - a liner, 16 - a stator plate, 17 - a liner plate.

The stator package 2 is installed in the housing 1 and has poles, each of which contains one of the phases of the winding 3 - A, B and C. On the surfaces of the poles facing the gap, there are teeth. The teeth at the adjacent poles are shifted by a third of the tooth division. The magnetic circuit of the rotor 4 is placed on the shaft 5 and has teeth on the outer surface with the same angular pitch as the teeth on the poles of the stator. Between the teeth of the poles of the stator and the rotor magnetic circuit there are alternating coaxial hollow cylinders of the rotor 6 and the stator 7, and the rotor cylinders are mechanically connected to the rotor magnetic circuit through a non-magnetic disk 10, and the stator cylinders are attached to the housing by a non-magnetic sleeve 11, while the pole teeth and ferromagnetic elements of the 8 cylinders the stator, as well as the teeth of the magnetic circuit and the ferromagnetic elements of the 8 rotor cylinders, have their identical angular positions.

Figure 3 shows a part of the magnetic system of the engine, which shows the lines of force of the magnetic flux passing through the stator 12 and the rotor 13.

Stepper motor operates as follows. When a voltage pulse is applied to phase A, a magnetic flux occurs, passing along the corresponding poles of stator 2. The teeth of the magnetic circuit 4 of the rotor and the ferromagnetic elements 8 of its hollow cylinders 6 are attracted to the teeth and ferromagnetic elements 8 of the hollow cylinders of stator 7 located opposite the poles with phase A. applying a voltage pulse to phase B, a magnetic flux occurs, passing through the poles with this phase. The teeth of the magnetic circuit 4 of the rotor and the ferromagnetic elements 8 of its hollow cylinders 6 are attracted to the teeth and ferromagnetic elements 8 of the hollow cylinders of the stator 7 located opposite the poles with phase B. In this case, the rotor rotates clockwise by an angle equal to one third of the angular gear division. Then the voltage pulse is supplied to phase C, then to phases A, B, C, etc. To reverse, the phase sequence should be changed, that is, to apply pulses to the phases in the order of C, B, A, C, B, A.

On figa shows a flat version of a stepper motor with large teeth. The force of magnetic traction is determined by the formula

where S is the surface area on which the force acts; B - magnetic induction; μ ₀ is the magnetic constant. The force acting on the teeth of the liner 15 depends on the surface area shown in bold lines.

In the case of magnetic reduction, small teeth are used (Fig. 5b). In this stepper motor, the teeth are three times more, but their height is three times less to preserve the magnetic field picture. As a result, the total area of action of the force is preserved, as well as the force itself.

Fig. 5c shows a motor with one additional stator plate 16 and one additional liner plate 17. The stator and liner plates consist of ferromagnetic and non-magnetic elements (the ferromagnetic elements are shaded). The number of teeth corresponds to the number of teeth in the case of the engine in Fig.5b, but against each tooth of the liner there is a ferromagnetic element, which is acted upon by forces from the tooth and the ferromagnetic element of the stator. As a result, the total strength will be three times greater.

Thus, by introducing additional hollow cylinders of the stator and rotor, a stepper motor with a torque increased several times, but with the same overall dimensions, was obtained.

Claims (1)

A stepper motor comprising a housing, a shaft, a rotor magnetic circuit with teeth, a stator package with a multiphase winding and with poles having teeth, the teeth at adjacent poles being shifted relative to each other by 1 / m of gear division, where m is the number of phases, characterized in that introduced alternating coaxial hollow cylinders of the rotor and stator, consisting of ferromagnetic and non-magnetic elements located along the axis of rotation, and the rotor cylinders are mechanically connected with the rotor magnetic circuit, and the stator cylinders with the body, while the teeth of the poles and the ferromagnetic elements of the stator cylinders, as well as the teeth of the magnetic circuit and the ferromagnetic elements of the rotor cylinders have their same angular positions.

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