RU2320387C2 - Method for fire-extinguishing substance production - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire-fighting, particularly fire-extinguishants.

SUBSTANCE: method involves mixing sodium chloride in amount of 5-15 g with water at 30-40°C temperature; solving sodium chloride; adding ammonium dihydrogenphosphate in amount of 50-70 g per 500 ml of water to obtained solution; adding 50-70 g of sodium hydrocarbonate per 500 ml of water thereto. In the second embodiment solution additionally has 20-40 g of urea and 35-55 g of ammonium sulfate.

EFFECT: increased safety, improved fire-suppression, decreased negative influence on human's health.

10 cl, 2 ex

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a method for producing a fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing a fire.

State of the art

Extinguishing agent is obtained in the form of a composition of various compositions. For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2001-37901 describes an extinguishing agent containing urea, sodium chloride, carbonic sodium anhydride, ammonium sulfate and the like.

However, many of the known methods for producing an extinguishing agent do not disclose the details of its preparation, which are the know-how of the seller. In this description will be described a method of producing a fire extinguishing agent.

In recent years, in addition to stationary fire extinguishers, an abandoned fire extinguisher has been introduced into the industry, which is thrown into the fire. Since sometimes it is difficult to use a stationary fire extinguisher when carrying out practical actions to extinguish a fire, it is believed that an abandoned fire extinguisher that can extinguish a flame only by throwing it on a fire is characterized by its ease and convenience of use.

However, all the ingredients that make up the extinguishing agent are not always safe, and there is the possibility of a problem if a child or an elderly person mistakenly drinks this substance.

Accordingly, there is a need for a method for preparing a safe extinguishing agent that does not or has a small detrimental effect on the human body.

In addition, there is a need for a method for producing a safe extinguishing agent that effectively processes in such a way that the constituent components can exert their effect, i.e. in providing a method for producing an extinguishing agent having high fire extinguishing characteristics.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In accordance with the present invention, a method for producing a fire extinguishing agent is provided, comprising:

the stage of introducing sodium chloride in an amount of 5 to 15 g in warm water and the subsequent introduction of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate in an amount of 50 to 70 g, both components per 500 ml of water, in warm water at a temperature of 40 ° C and their dissolution in warm water , and

the stage of introducing sodium bicarbonate in an amount of from 50 to 70 g per 500 ml of water in the solution so that the sodium bicarbonate is dissolved in water.

The proposed method, in addition, may include the step of introducing a surfactant.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing an extinguishing agent, which includes:

the stage of introducing sodium chloride in an amount of 5 to 15 g in warm water and the subsequent introduction of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate in an amount of 50 to 70 g, both per 500 ml of water, in warm water at a temperature of 30 to 40 ° C and dissolving them in warm water, and

the stage of introducing sodium bicarbonate in an amount of from 45 to 70 g per 500 ml of water in the solution so that the sodium bicarbonate is dissolved in water,

the stage of introducing into the urea solution in an amount of 20 to 40 g per 500 ml of water; and the stage of introducing into the solution of ammonium sulfate in an amount of from 35 to 55 g per 500 ml of water, so that the urea and ammonium sulfate are dissolved in water.

In accordance with another variant of the invention, the proposed method, in addition, may include the step of introducing a surfactant.

Description of preferred embodiments of the invention

The first embodiment of the invention, which will be disclosed below.

First, from 5 to 15 g, for example 10 g, sodium chloride is added to an appropriate amount of water at a temperature of 30 to 40 ° C, for example, approximately 40 ° C, and then the resulting mixture is stirred to dissolve sodium chloride in water. Sodium chloride is used as a catalyst.

After that, from 50 to 70 g, for example, 60 g of dihydrogen phosphate, are introduced and dissolved in the solution, and from 50 to 70 g, for example, 60 g of sodium bicarbonate are added, as a result of which the reaction necessary for dissolution occurs.

During fire extinguishing, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and ammonium hydrogen carbonate are thermally decomposed into gaseous carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) and gaseous ammonia (NH ₃ ) due to combustion. Gaseous carbon dioxide performs the function of shielding the access of oxygen to the combustion products and the function of neutralizing and suppressing the oxidation of combustion products. Gaseous ammonia, which serves as a neutralization and cooling function, prevents re-ignition and burning of products to prevent the spread of fire to the periphery.

Subsequently, an appropriate amount of boiling water is added to the solution. After that, water is added to the total amount of the extinguishing agent so that its amount is 500 ml.

Finally, if the situation requires it, an effective amount of, for example, approximately 20 ml of a surfactant (for example, alpha foam: a surfactant for forming an aqueous insulating foam sold by Yamato Protec K.K.) is added to 500 ml of extinguishing agent.

In the process of extinguishing a fire due to combustion, the following reactions occur:

(NH ₄ ) ₂ + NRO ₃ + NH ₄ HCO ₃ → PO ₄ + H ₂ O + 4NH ₃ + CO ₂

PO ₄ + H ₂ O + 4NH ₃ + CO ₂ + CO (NH ₂ ) ₂ → (2NH ₃ ) ₃ PO ₄ + 2CO ₂ + H ₂

(2NH ₃ ) ₃ PO ₄ + NH ₄ 2SO ₄ + 2CO ₂ + H ₂

The extinguishing agent thus obtained is enclosed in a container so that it is ready for use. The container in which the extinguishing agent according to the present invention is located may be selected from among various types of containers capable of storing the extinguishing agent according to the present invention without deteriorating in a stable state and which are compatible with the extinguishing agent according to the invention. Examples of containers that can be used are (not as limitations to the invention) lightweight containers made of metal or resinous material.

Second Embodiment

The following is a disclosure of a second embodiment of the present invention.

First, from 5 to 15 g, for example, 10 g of sodium chloride, is introduced into an appropriate amount of warm water at a temperature of 30 ° C., and then the resulting mixture is stirred to dissolve the sodium chloride in water. Sodium chloride is used as a catalyst.

Next, from 50 to 70 g, for example, 50 g of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, are introduced and dissolved in it, and 45 to 70 g, for example, 45 g of sodium bicarbonate are added so that the reaction necessary for dissolution occurs.

After that, boiling water is added to the resulting solution.

During the fire extinguishing process, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and ammonium hydrogen carbonate are thermally decomposed into gaseous carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) and gaseous ammonia (NH ₃ ) due to the combustion process. Gaseous carbon dioxide performs the function of blocking the access of oxygen to the combustion products, the function of neutralizing and suppressing the oxidation of combustion products. Gaseous ammonia, which has the function of neutralization and the function of cooling, prevents reignition of the combustion products in order to prevent the spread of the fire to the periphery.

After that, from 20 to 40 g, for example, 20 g of urea (urea), is introduced and dissolved in it. Then 35 to 55 g, for example 45 g of ammonium sulfate and a suitable amount of boiling water are added to dissolve the ammonium sulfate. Next, water is added to the total amount of the extinguishing agent so that its total amount is 500 ml.

Urea is also thermally decomposed into gaseous carbon dioxide and gaseous ammonia due to combustion during the fire extinguishing. Due to the function of shielding oxygen from the combustion products, which is inherent in gaseous carbon dioxide, and the neutralization and cooling functions inherent in gaseous ammonia, burning products can be extinguished, and the spread of fire to the periphery can be prevented.

Finally, if the situation requires, 20 ml of a surfactant (e.g. alpha foam) are added to 500 ml of extinguishing agent.

The extinguishing agent thus obtained is enclosed in a container so that it is ready for use. The container in which the extinguishing agent according to the present invention is located may be from among various types of containers that can store in a stable state the extinguishing agent according to the invention without compromising its quality and which are compatible with the extinguishing agent according to the invention. Examples of containers that can be used are (not as a limitation of the invention) lightweight containers made of metal or resinous material.

According to the first and second exemplary embodiments of the method for producing an extinguishing agent according to the present invention, a safe extinguishing agent can be provided that does not have or has a slight harmful effect on the human body. The use of ammonium hydrogen sulfate increases the rate of fire extinguishing.

Below are the characteristics of the rate of extinguishing a fire when using known ammonium carbonate and when using ammonium hydrogen carbonate.

Table Speed Ammonium carbonate 45 seconds Ammonium hydrogen carbonate 25 seconds

When placed in a container, the extinguishing agent prepared according to the present invention can be used to extinguish a fire by throwing it into the fire. As a result, a safe extinguishing agent can be obtained that does not have a harmful effect (or has a slight harmful effect) on the human body. The use of ammonium hydrogen sulfate increases the rate of fire extinguishing.

Claims (10)

1. A method of obtaining an extinguishing agent for extinguishing a fire, comprising the following stages: introducing sodium chloride in an amount of 5 to 15 g into warm water at a temperature of from 30 to 40 ° C and dissolving it in warm water, then introducing into the resulting solution of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate in an amount of from 50 to 70 g, the amounts of both of these ingredients are shown per 500 ml of water, and introducing into the resulting solution of sodium bicarbonate in an amount of from 50 to 70 g, per 500 ml of water, and dissolving the sodium bicarbonate in the resulting solution. 2. The method according to claim 1, in which additionally enter an effective amount of a surfactant. 3. The method according to claim 2, in which the surfactant is a substance based on fluorine compounds, designed to form an aqueous barrier foam. 4. The method according to claim 1, in which the specified extinguishing agent is enclosed in a container so that it is ready for use as an abandoned fire extinguishing agent. 5. The method according to claim 1, in which after dissolving all the ingredients in warm water, water is added to the final volume of the substance. 6. A method of obtaining an extinguishing agent, comprising the following stages: introducing sodium chloride in an amount of 5 to 15 g into warm water at a temperature of from 30 to 40 ° C and dissolving it in warm water, then introducing into the resulting solution of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate in an amount of from 50 to 70 g, the amounts of both of these ingredients are shown per 500 ml of water, introducing into the solution sodium bicarbonate in an amount of from 45 to 70 g per 500 ml of water and dissolving sodium bicarbonate in this solution, introducing into the solution of urea in an amount of from 20 to 40 g and ammonium sulfate in an amount of from 35 to 55 g and dissolving them in this solution, while the indicated amounts of both ingredients are calculated per 500 ml of water. 7. The method according to claim 6, which further includes the introduction of a surfactant. 8. The method according to claim 7, in which the specified surfactant is a substance based on fluorine compounds, designed to form an aqueous barrier foam. 9. The method according to claim 6, in which the specified extinguishing agent is enclosed in a container so that it is ready for use as an extinguishing agent. 10. The method according to claim 7, in which after entering into the urea solution, boiling water is added to it in an amount necessary to dissolve ammonium sulfate.