RU2319801C1 - Method for producing of filled non-woven material - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: textile industry, in particular, processes for manufacture of non-woven materials.

SUBSTANCE: method involves producing filled non-woven material obtained by combined process on the basis of physicochemical technology including impregnation with liquid phase composition exposed to wave action, with liquid phase composition containing low-emulsifier and emulsifier-free polyacrylic latexes; providing exposure to wave action in resonance mode after mechanical mixing of components; subjecting material to squeezing, drying and thermal processing.

EFFECT: reduced washing away of components used in production of non-woven materials during utilization of said materials, improved uniformity in distribution of filler and provision for keeping sorption capacity of materials with regard to admixtures in liquid media.

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Description

The invention relates to the textile industry, specifically to methods for producing non-woven materials by physicochemical technology, which can be used as filter materials for cleaning liquid media from dispersed and dissolved impurities.

It is known that fillers (bulk ingredients) are introduced into polymer composite materials by impregnation with a pre-prepared composition containing, in addition to filler, synthetic latexes of various nature (Processing technology of latexes / edited by D. Trofimovich, V. A. Berestnev. M .: LLC Nauchtekhlitizdat, 2003, p.73 [1]). The mixing of ingredients is carried out in containers with mechanical mixers of various types. The disadvantage of this method is the low aggregative stability of the composition and the uneven distribution of the filler in the material, which leads to a deterioration in performance. To eliminate these shortcomings, surfactants are additionally introduced into the composition (in an amount of 2% or more by weight of the polymer), which, when the material is used, leads to leaching of surfactants from the filters and additional contamination of the filtrate.

Also known from the prior art is a method for producing filled nonwoven materials using an impregnating composition consisting of a dispersion of filler and acrylic (AK-238) or diene (BNK-40) latexes in water, taken in the ratio of 0.8-1.2: 0.8-1.2: 2- 3 by weight (RU 2094091 C1, 1995 [2]). The disadvantage of this method is the uneven distribution of the filler in the nonwoven material, as well as leaching of surfactants from a solution of latex polymer during prolonged use, which affects the functional characteristics of the filter material.

The closest source to the claimed invention is (RF Ganieva. Wave technology and technology. M: Logos, 1993 (p.28)), which discloses a method for producing a filled non-woven material in a combined way by physicochemical technology, including liquid-phase impregnation composition, which is subjected to wave action.

The technical result of the present invention is to reduce the leaching of the components used in the production of nonwoven materials (including surfactants) during their operation, to improve the uniformity of the distribution of the filler while maintaining the sorption ability of the materials with respect to impurities in liquid media.

The technical result is achieved in that a method for producing a filled non-woven material obtained by a combined method according to physicochemical technology, comprising impregnating with a liquid phase composition that is subjected to wave action, according to the invention, the liquid phase composition as polymer binding components contains low and emulsifier free polyacrylic latexes, the wave effect is carried out in resonance mode after mechanical mixing of the components, and then the material is subjected to extraction, drying and heat treatment.

As a filler, zeolite (clinoptilolite, scheelite) is used. Non-woven base consists of fibers: lavsan, kapron; mixes mylar / viscose, mylar / polypropylene, viscose / polypropylene.

Non-woven material was obtained by a combined method according to physicochemical technology by needle piercing of a fibrous base (GL Barabanov. Physical and mechanical methods for the production of non-woven materials and felted-felt products. M: Legprombytizdat, 1994, p.118-119. [3] ), (30-50 punctures / sq. Cm; surface density 50-250 g / m2), followed by impregnation with a liquid-phase composition. After mixing the components, the impregnating composition is subjected to the wave action in the resonance mode (SU 1830719 A1, 1989 [4]).

Small and non-emulsifier latexes based on copolymers of butyl acrylate (BA): methyl methacrylate (MMA): methacrylic acid (MAA) and butyl acrylate (BA): acrylonitrile (NAC): methacrylic acid (MAA) are used as the polymer of the binder impregnating composition.

Low emulsifier latexes were obtained according to the method described in the patent (RU 2131464C1, 1998 [5]).

Emulsifier-free latexes were obtained according to the technology described in (Malyukova EB, Fundamentals of the creation of environmentally friendly processes of emulsion polymerization. M: Technique, 2001, 64 pp. [6]).

The specified invention is illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1

To a 20% dispersion of emulsifier-free latex monomer composition BA: MMA: MAK (60:30:10) add zeolite powder (clinoptilolite) in an amount of 1 g / g fiber and is subjected to wave processing in resonance mode. Next, the resulting composition is impregnated with a non-woven canvas from a mixture of dacron and viscose fibers in a ratio of 70:30, respectively (pre-bonded with needle piercing, 40 punctures / sq. Cm) in a ratio of 6: 1 by weight. Squeeze, dry and heat-treated at 140 ° C for 2 minutes. Properties of the finished material are given in the table.

Example 2

The method according to example 1. Latex monomer composition BA: MMA: MAK (60:30:10). Filler - zeolite (scheelite). Fibrous base - a mixture of dacron and polypropylene fibers in a ratio of 70:30, respectively. Material properties are given in the table.

Example 3

The method according to example 1. Low emulsifier latex monomer composition BA: NAC: MAK (63: 34: 3). The fibrous base is dacron fiber. The composition / base ratio = 3: 1 by weight. Properties of the finished material are given in the table.

Example 4

The method according to example 2. Low emulsifier latex monomer composition BA: NAC: MAK (70: 25: 5). The fibrous base is dacron fiber. The composition / base ratio = 5: 1 by weight. Material properties are given in the table.

As can be seen from the table, the use of low- and emulsifier-free latexes allows one to obtain nonwoven materials with a uniform distribution of the binder over the material (migration decreases by a factor of 2–3), characterized by the absence of surfactant leaching during operation and having a high sorption capacity with respect to metal ions.

Literature

1. Technology of processing latex / under. ed. D.P. Trofimovich, V.A. Berestnev. M .: LLC Nauchtekhlitizdat. 2003, 73 p.

2. V.V. Egorov, E. B. Malyukova, A. A. Rakhnyanskaya. "A method of obtaining a sorption filter material", patent No. 2094091, 1995, BI No. 30, 1997.

3. G.L. Barabanov, E.N. Bershev, G.P. Smirnov, Yu.Ya. Tyumenev. "Physical and mechanical methods for the production of non-woven materials and felted-felt products." M .: Legprombytizdat, 1994, p.118-119.

4. R.F. Ganiev, V.N. Fomin, D.A. Zhebynev, V.T. Antonov, T.P. Suvorova, V.G. Novikov. USSR copyright certificate No. 1830719, cl. B01F 3/00, 1989.

5. S. I. Studenikin, L. P. Kireeva, A. A. Danilina, I. V. Dobrov, V. R. Duflot, V. I. Lukhovitsky, V. G. Plotnikov, V. V. Polikarpov, N.S.Savinova. "Composition for finishing natural leather", patent No. 2131464, class. C14C 11/00, 1998.

6. Malyukova EB Basics of creating environmentally friendly emulsion polymerization processes. M .: "Technique". 2001, 64 p.

Table
Nonwoven Properties Example No. Wash surfactant (content in the filtrate after 72 hours,%) Migration of the binder from the middle layer of the material,% Sorption capacity (conc. Of ions in solution, mg / l) Fe +++ Al +++ source after filtering source after filtering one. 0 10 3.0 1.35 1.0 0.45 2. 0 8 3.0 1.40 1.0 0.40 3. 0 12 3.0 1.38 1.0 0.30 four. 0 10 3.0 1.30 1.0 0.35 prototype (latexes): AK-238 0.002 twenty 3.0 1.45 1.0 0.60 BNK-40 0.020 thirty 3.0 1.80 1.0 0.78

Claims (1)

A method of obtaining a filled non-woven material obtained by a combined method according to physicochemical technology, comprising impregnating with a liquid-phase composition, which is subjected to a wave action, characterized in that the liquid-phase composition as polymer-binding components contains low and emulsifier-free polyacrylic latexes, the wave effect is carried out in resonance mode after mechanical mixing of the components, and then the material is subjected to extraction, drying and heat treatment.