RU2319037C1 - Rotary electrohydraulic engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering.

SUBSTANCE: device is designed for use in power plants of vehicles. Proposed engine contains control system, devices for monitoring temperature and pressure in working chambers with electrodes and process liquid, and speed and torque on out link coupled with rotor shaft and connected to control system to form high-voltage pulses and system to supply working liquid. Stator of engine can shift in radial direction relative to rotor and it is provided with inner cylindrical space accommodating rotor with chambers, minimum three, uniformly arranged relative to shaft. Rotor is installed inside stator with eccentricity adjustable by radial displacement of stator by individual drive mechanism, said displacement being set by control system basing on monitoring data. Working chambers are made in form of closed volume cylinders arranged in projections of rotor with movable plungers and initial level of process liquid. Provided is possibility to control output parameters of engine by changing eccentricity and pulse supplied to electrodes.

EFFECT: possibility of use of proposed engine in power plants of vehicles such as passenger cars as economical and ecological engine being alternative to internal combustion engine.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of engine building and can be used in various industries, in particular in the transport industry, mainly in the automotive industry.

Known rotary electro-hydraulic motors containing a stator with tangential electro-hydraulic chambers and a rotor with a shaft and protrusions forming movable walls of the working chambers, each of which contains a pair of electrodes, one mounted on the stator and the other on the rotor (AS SU 629356 , 1978; patent RU 2023908, 1994) or, for example, made in the form of a hydraulic cylinder, on the shaft (rotor) of which there are baffles dividing the cylinder volume into two chambers filled with liquid, and girths for sensing pressure arising under ystviem electrohydraulic shock generated in the discharge chamber with the process fluid and the electrodes disposed outside the cylinder and its associated hoses chambers (patent RU 2088796, 1997 YG). These engines have insufficient output parameters.

The closest analogue (prototype) of the invention is a rotary electro-hydraulic engine for AS SU 1828942, 1993, containing an output link, a stator, a rotor, made in the form of a set of disks mounted on its shaft with protrusions located at the same angle to the shaft, as well as a number of working chambers located in the stator and evenly distributed relative to the rotor shaft with installed in them electrodes connected by pipelines to the process fluid supply system, which includes a hydraulic accumulator, a pump and a storage tank. The control system is a set of valves with cams placed between the disks. The electrodes are connected to a high voltage pulse generation system.

Rotor rotation is ensured by alternating along a series of shock wave formation during the reunification of certain working chambers with the protrusions of their respective disks. The change in engine power is governed by the number of discs and cameras involved in the cycle.

The disadvantages of the prototype include insufficient output parameters of the engine and a narrow range of regulation of these parameters, the inability to reverse the engine, which is why such an engine is not suitable for use in power plants of vehicles.

The objective of the invention is to expand the distribution of technical means based on the use of the electro-hydraulic effect, and to create a compact, economical and environmentally friendly engine for vehicles.

The technical result obtained from the use of the invention is to increase the output power of the engine and provide automatic control of the torque and speed at the output link and reverse.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a rotary electro-hydraulic engine containing a stator, a rotor with a shaft and at least three protrusions arranged at the same angle to the shaft, working chambers with process fluid and electrodes, a control system and process fluid supply and formation systems connected thereto of high-voltage pulses, as well as an output link connected to the rotor shaft, for example, an output shaft, according to the invention is equipped with means for carrying out monitoring temperature and pressure in the working chambers and the frequency of rotation and torque at the output link, and in it the working chambers are made in the form of closed volume cylinders located in the protrusions of the rotor with movable plungers, the electrodes are located under the plungers in them, the stator is made with the possibility of radial movements relative to the rotor from an individual drive mechanism connected to the control system and has an internal cavity of cylindrical shape, and the rotor is installed inside this cavity with eccentricity is adjustable by means of displacement of said stator given by the control system monitoring data.

Additional differences are that:

- the plungers have a body of revolution on the end protruding from the cylinder, for example a rolled roller;

- working chambers are equipped with shock wave reflectors in the form of a parabolic cylinder bottom.

The proposed solution of the relationship between the stator and the rotor, as well as the implementation and placement of the working chambers provides:

- the possibility of creating a greater moment due to the action of greater pressure on a large area (section of the plungers) in the presence of eccentricity and adjustment of its value;

- stepless change in torque due to a smooth change in eccentricity with constant parameters of the electric discharge;

- the ability to smoothly change the output power of the engine due to the smooth regulation of the moment and frequency of rotation of the rotor, by changing the magnitude of the supplied electrical signal;

- stepless reverse rotation of the output shaft by displacement of the axis of the stator relative to the axis of the rotor.

In addition, the need for fluid circulation during each cycle of operation from the working chambers of the engine to drain and vice versa is eliminated, which saves electric energy for the operation of the fluid supply system.

In the drawings: in Fig. 1 is a General view of the engine in section; figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1; figure 3 is a section bB in figure 2; figure 4 - section bb in figure 2.

The stator 1 has an internal smooth cylindrical surface with the axis "O1" and is installed in the guides 2 of the machine frame (not shown in Fig.) With the possibility of radial movement from the drive mechanism 3.

The rotor 4 with the shaft 5 is installed inside the stator 1 so that its axis “O2” is offset relative to the axis “O1” of the cavity of the stator 1 by the eccentricity value “e”.

The rotor 4 is made with protrusions 6, at least three equally spaced on the shaft 5 at the same angle to it. In each protrusion 6 there is a working chamber 7 in the form of a cylinder 8 with a parabolic bottom and a movable plunger 9. The volume of the chamber 7 between the bottom and the end of the plunger 9 is filled with process fluid with an initial set level, and electrodes 10 and 11 with a discharge gap 12 are installed below the level. The number of working chambers 7 is determined by the required engine power and should be odd, at least three.

The system for generating high-voltage pulses 13 is a source of electrical energy 14 and a block for generating high-voltage pulses 15, consisting, for example, of pulse generators 16 interconnected in series, a transistor switch 17 and a step-up transformer 18. This embodiment of block 15 is most optimal, especially when implementing the invention on the vehicle, but it can be performed in any other known manner. In a specific embodiment (Fig. 3), the pulse generator 16 is powered from an electric power source 14 and, at the output, a transistor switch 17 is connected to it by its input, having the number of outputs connected to the corresponding inputs of the step-up transformer 18, which in turn is connected to the corresponding inputs of the step-up transformer 18, which, in turn, through a high voltage circuit connected to the corresponding contact ring for supplying electric power 19, mounted on the shaft 5 of the rotor 4, and then to the working chamber 8. The contact ring 19 on its inner diameter has t "contact spot", continuously touching the contact 20 mounted on the shaft 5.

As the control system 21 is a microcontroller or can be used on-board computer.

The volume of the chamber 7 and the initial liquid level in it are established constructively and / or due to a certain change in the eccentricity “e”, based on the conditions for providing output service characteristics of the engine, such as torque and speed of its output link.

To change the volume of the process fluid in the working chambers 7 in the zones of predetermined parameters, the process fluid supply system 22 controlled from the microcontroller 21 can be used, which may have a different design, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, in the form of a reservoir 23 filled with a working fluid with a low pump pressure 24, safety overflow valve 25 and filter 26. Chambers 7 are connected to the system 22 through solenoid valves 27 controlled from the microcontroller 21, which receive electrical commands to open opening / closing along the control circuit passing inside the shaft 5 of the rotor 4 through the contact 28 mounted on the shaft 5 and the input ring of the electric control signal 29.

The electrode 11 is connected to the contact 20 by an electric power circuit located inside the shaft 5, to which an electric current is supplied from the contact ring 19 connected to the power output of the transformer 18 of the system 13. The electrode 11 and its power circuit inside the rotor shaft 5 are reliably isolated from the rotor body 4 to avoid electrical losses and short circuits. The electrode 10 is closed to the mass of the rotor.

The drive mechanism 3 may have a different design, selected depending on the purpose of the engine for reasons of economy, design feasibility and reliability of operation. Its function is to move the stator 1 relative to the rotor 4 to adjust the output characteristics of the motor by changing the eccentricity "e".

Systems 13 and 22, working chambers 7 and a drive mechanism 3 are connected to the system 21 through the control circuit through means for monitoring temperature and pressure in the working chambers 7, as well as the speed and torque at the output link, which include quick-acting temperature sensors, for example resistance sensors, and pressure sensors, for example piezometric, located in the cylinders 8, and also a speed sensor, for example a Hall sensor, and a torque sensor, located on the output link of the engine and (in the drawings are not shown).

When starting the engine and turning on the power source 14, the control system 21 is loaded, monitors all systems, i.e. monitors the signals received from temperature, pressure, output speed, torque, eccentricity “e” changes, rotor rotation angle, compares them with the engine operation algorithm incorporated in the program and sends a command to generate electric discharges with a certain frequency and energy in working chambers 7, located between the 0 ° and 180 ° marks in the direction of rotation of the rotor clockwise (figure 1). According to commands from the system 21, the stator 1 moves by mechanism 3 and a predetermined eccentricity “e” is established between the axis “O1” and “O2”, which makes it possible to change the working volume of the chamber 7 and, accordingly, control the volume of the working fluid, thereby changing the output characteristics of the engine (torque and speed) in a wide range. The pulse forming unit 15, the pulse generator 16 and the transistor switch 17 respectively generate pulses of the set frequency and current strength, which in turn are converted by a step-up transformer 18 into high voltage pulses (20-30 kV) and then through the high-voltage power supply circuit through the contact ring 19 the power supply to the contact 20 is fed into the gap 12 between the electrodes 10 and 11 of the corresponding working chamber 7.

When discharges in the chamber 7, the working fluid instantly “boils”, a vapor-gas mixture is formed, which, expanding, acts on the plunger 9. The latter, moving out of the cylinder 8, creates a force on the inner surface of the stator 1 and, due to the eccentricity “e”, is a component of this the force directed tangentially to the path of rotation of the rotor 4 creates a moment of rotation of the rotor. Then, when the camera passes the mark of about 180 ° by a command from the microcontroller 21, the supply of pulses to this working chamber is stopped, the gas-vapor mixture is cooled and condensed, which will lead to a sharp decrease in pressure in it, and the plunger 9 will move into the inside of the cylinder, and the rotor 4 will end clockwise rotation from 180 to 0 °. The described duty cycle is repeated for each of the cylinders, and the discharges are supplied to them with a predetermined lead angle (when the plungers 9 pass around 0 °) by a command from microcontroller 21 in accordance with the algorithm and current engine operating conditions for certain characteristics (frequency voltage).

To change the rotation speed and torque of the shaft 5 of the rotor by a command from the microcontroller 21, by changing the eccentricity “e” using the drive mechanism 3, the desired volume of the working chamber 7 is set with the volume of the process fluid in it and, if necessary, a command signal is sent along the control circuit from the microcontroller 21 through the ring of supply of the control signal 29, contact 28, mounted in the output shaft 5, (Fig.2 and 4) on the electromagnetic valve 27 to open it, and the system 22 through the pipelines delivers additional or merges nyuyu working fluid.

The engine is cooled by air, since the very rotation of the rotor 4 inside the stator 1 is sufficient to create the movement of the air flow at the desired speed and volume for cooling, for which there are slots in the stator 1 and the optimal shape of the rotor 4.

Rolling bodies, for example, rollers 30, rolled at the end of the plunger 9, reduce the friction of the rotor 4 on the inner surface of the stator 1, which reduces the heating of the engine, facilitates its starting and generally increases the overall efficiency of the engine.

The engine also provides the possibility of reversing the shaft 5 (counterclockwise) to create a reverse stroke of the machine by setting the negative eccentricity “e” by the drive mechanism 3 at the command of the microcontroller 21, correspondingly transferring the starting mark 0 ° and changing the order and sequence (frequency and energy ) electric discharges inside the working chambers 7, which increases the control flexibility and the efficiency of the rotary electrohydrodynamic engine as a whole.

Claims (3)

1. A rotary electro-hydraulic motor containing a stator, a rotor with a shaft and at least three protrusions arranged at the same angle to the shaft, working chambers with process fluid and electrodes, a control system and connected systems for generating high voltage pulses and supplying process fluid, and also an output link connected to the rotor shaft, for example, an output shaft, characterized in that it has means connected to the control system for monitoring temperature and pressure I in the working chambers, and the rotation frequency and torque at the output link, the working chambers are made in the form of closed volume cylinders located in the protrusions of the rotor with movable plungers and the electrodes in them are located under the plungers, the stator is made with the possibility of radial movements relative to the rotor from connected to the control system of the drive mechanism, which it is equipped with, and has an internal cavity of cylindrical shape, and the rotor is installed inside this cavity with an eccentricity controlled by the above-mentioned alternating scheny stator given by the management of monitoring data system. 2. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the plungers have a body of revolution on the end protruding from the cylinder, for example a rolled roller. 3. The engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the working chambers are equipped with shock wave reflectors in the form of a parabolic bottom of the cylinder.

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