RU2318952C1 - Method for deep river and canal cleaning of sediments - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: stream regulation, for example, breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning beds of waterways, directing water flow.

SUBSTANCE: cleaning method involves repeatedly moving floating vehicles provided with helical-blade devices along river or canal bed in upstream and downstream directions; stirring-up bottom sediments with helical-blade devices and removing the stirred-up sediments with water stream. To provide floating vehicle movement in dependence of river or canal depth and floating vehicle movement direction spatial helical-screw device positions are determined. In downstream floating vehicle movement plane of helical-blade devices is parallel to bottom. In upstream floating vehicle movement plane of helical-blade devices is at acute angle to bottom. Number of floating vehicle trips is determined from total length of river or canal section to be cleaned with the use of the following formula: n=L/L_i=(L·u_i)/(v·h_i), where L is total length of river or canal section to be cleaned; v is water stream velocity; u_i is hydraulic particle size of sediment fraction to be removed; h_i is sediment fraction particle stirring-up height, which depends on particle diameters, i.e. h=(0.7÷0.8)H for particles having dimensions d=0.005 mm, h=(0.3÷0.8)H for d=2 mm and h=(0.1÷0.3)H for d>10 mm, here H is water stream depth; L_i is river or canal section length, L_i=(v/u_i)·h_i. Helical-blade devices are installed in pairs and rotated in opposite direction.

EFFECT: increased degree of water stream energy usage for river or canal bed cleaning of sediments and decreased cleaning costs, as well as increased efficiency and reliability of deep river and canal cleaning of sediments.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering and can be used as a method of cleaning sediment from deep rivers and canals using the energy of a water stream.

A known method of cleaning riverbeds from sediment, including bulldozers with rake dumps [1].

The disadvantages of this technical solution are:

- a relatively expensive technical solution;

- the energy of the water flow is not fully used, which would save significant funds by reducing the cleaning time;

- in the process of work, there is no way to achieve complete cleaning of river beds and channels from sediment;

- this method of cleaning is not applicable on rivers with great depths.

The closest technical solution is a sediment cleaning method [2], which includes clearing the river bed or channel from sediment deposited at the bottom, during which sediment is stirred up by moving floating vehicles with rotating helical devices on the river bed or channel and transporting the turbid sediment with a stream of water.

The disadvantages of this technical solution are:

- a rather complicated technical solution and therefore may be unreliable;

- in the process of work, there is no way to achieve complete cleaning of river beds and channels from sediment;

- a relatively expensive way to clean the channels and channels from sediment.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency and economy of cleaning riverbeds and channels from sediment.

This goal is achieved in that the clearing is carried out by numerous movements along the channel of the river or canal over the flow of water from one end of the river or canal to the other floating means with rotating propeller devices (Figs. 1, 2). When the movement of transport mechanisms as a result of the rotation of the rotor-vane devices, the sediment is sedimented on the bottom (Fig. 3). The lifting height h _i deposited at the bottom of the sediment depends on the size of the fractions

h _i = (0.1 ÷ 0.8) H,

where H is the depth of the water stream.

Swirling sediment (figure 4) along a curved path are transported by a stream of water at a distance

where v is the water flow rate; u _i - hydraulic particle size of the calculated fraction of the proper cleaning; h _i - the height of the agitation of particles of the calculated fraction of the proper cleaning and depending on the diameter of the particles. The lifting height for particles with a particle size of d = 0.005 mm h = 0.8H, for d = 2 mm h = 0.3N, for d = 10 mm h = 0.1H; H is the depth of water flow. Intermediate values of h can be determined by interpolation.

The hydraulic particle size depends on the size and shape of the particles, their specific gravity, and also on the temperature of the water at which sediment is suspended. It can be taken on reference data.

d mm 0.001 0.1 0.5 1,0 2.0 5,0 10.0 20,0 30,0 u, mm / s 0,068 5.12 50.71 106.71 190.0 300,0 425.0 602.0 736.0

The total length of the movement of sediment depends on the number of passes of floating assets and is equal to

L = ∑L _i = nL L _i .

The number of movements of floating vehicles with rotating propeller devices will be

where L is the length of the cleared section of the river channel or channel.

Rotating propeller devices change the spatial position depending on the depth and direction of movement. When moving in the direction of flow, the plane in which the propeller devices are located is installed parallel to the bottom, and when moving against the direction of flow at an acute angle to the bottom, to ensure the movement of the floating vehicle. The rotor blades are mounted in pairs and rotate in opposite directions. Thus, the floating tool is kept from skidding in one of the sides by compensating for the twisting moments of the pairwise mounted rotor-blade devices (figure 3).

Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a river channel or channel with a floating vehicle, oriented in the direction of flow, a general view; figure 2 is a longitudinal section of a river channel or channel with a floating vehicle, oriented against the direction of flow, a General view; figure 3 is a section aa; figure 4 - diagram of the process of deposition of particles.

где v - скорость потока воды; u_i - гидравлическая крупность частиц расчетной фракции надлежащей очистки; h_i - высота взмучивания частиц расчетной фракции надлежащей очистки и зависящей от диаметра частиц, h_i=(0,1÷0,8)H; H - глубина потока воды. Количество перемещений транспортных механизмов с вращающимися винтолопастными устройствами будет

где L - длина очищаемого участка русла реки или канала.Clearing is carried out by numerous movements along the channel of the river or channel 1 along and against the flow of floating vehicles 2 with rotating propeller devices 3, stirring up sediments 4, settled on the bottom 5, and particles 6 transported by the water flow along the trajectory 7 at a distance

where v is the water flow rate; u _i - hydraulic particle size of the calculated fraction of the proper cleaning; h _i - the height of the agitation of particles of the calculated fraction of the proper cleaning and depending on the diameter of the particles, h _i = (0.1 ÷ 0.8) H; H is the depth of water flow. The number of movements of transport mechanisms with rotating propeller devices will be

where L is the length of the cleared section of the river channel or channel.

где v - скорость потока воды; u_i - гидравлическая крупность частиц расчетной фракции надлежащей очистки; h_i - высота взмучивания частиц расчетной фракции надлежащей очистки и зависящей от диаметра частиц для частиц крупностью d=0,005 мм h=(0,7÷0,8)H, для d=2 мм h=(0,3÷0,5)H, для d>10 мм h=(0,1÷0,3)H; H - глубина потока воды. Процесс перемещения частиц 6 происходит по криволинейной траектории 7.The method of cleaning riverbeds and channels from sediment is as follows. Numerous movements of floating equipment 2 with rotary vane-propelled devices 3 along the river bed or channel 1 along and against the current cause the sediment 4 to settle at the bottom 5. The wound sediment 4 is transported by a stream of water to a distance

where v is the water flow rate; u _i - hydraulic particle size of the calculated fraction of the proper cleaning; h _i - the height of the agitation of particles of the calculated fraction of the proper cleaning and depending on the particle diameter for particles with a particle size d = 0.005 mm h = (0.7 ÷ 0.8) H, for d = 2 mm h = (0.3 ÷ 0.5 ) H, for d> 10 mm h = (0.1 ÷ 0.3) H; H is the depth of water flow. The process of moving particles 6 occurs along a curved path 7.

Rotating vane-screw devices 3 change the spatial position depending on the depth and direction of movement. When moving in the direction of flow, the plane in which the propeller devices are located is installed parallel to the bottom, and when moving against the direction of flow, at an acute angle to the bottom, to ensure the movement of the floating vehicle 2.

Thus, as a result of movement of the transport mechanism 2 moving sediment was 4 at a distance L _i, which depends on the particle size 6.

где L - длина очищаемого участка русла реки или канала. Собранные в конце русла реки или канала 1 наносы 4, будут удаляться из него в отведенные места.The number of movements of floating equipment 2 with rotating rotor-vane devices 3 for the complete cleaning of the entire length of the river channel or channel 1 will be

where L is the length of the cleared section of the river channel or channel. Sediment 4 collected at the end of the river bed or channel 1 will be removed from it to the designated places.

The rotor blades 3 are mounted in pairs and rotate in opposite directions. Thus, the floating means 2 is kept from skidding in one of the sides by compensating for the twisting moments of the pairwise installed rotor-blade devices 3.

The proposed method for cleaning river beds from sediments is cheaper and more reliable in the work of known similar technical solutions and allows to use the energy of the water flow to the maximum extent to clean river beds and channels from sediments.

Information sources

1. RF patent No. 2256023, E 02 B 3/02, 15/00. A method of cleaning river beds from sediment. / Khamirova T.Yu., declared. 09/29/2003; publ. 07/10/2005, BI No. 19 (analogue).

2. Application RU 94019237 A1, IPC E 02 B 15/00, publ. 08/10/1996 (prototype).

Claims (2)

1. A method of cleaning deep rivers and canals from sediment, including clearing the river bed or channel from sediment deposited at the bottom, in which the sediment is stirred up by moving floating means with rotating rotor-vane devices along the river channel or canal and transporting the agitated sediment with a water stream, characterized in that the movement of floating means is carried out numerously in and against the direction of flow, while to ensure the movement of floating means depending on the depth and direction of movement change the spatial position of the rotating screw-blade devices, namely: when moving in the direction of the flow stream, the plane in which the screw-blade devices are located is installed parallel to the bottom, and when moving against the flow direction - at an acute angle to the bottom, the number of movements of floating vehicles is determined depending on the full the length of the cleaned area and the size of the fractions deposited at the bottom of the sediment, according to the formula

where L is the total length of the cleared section of the river channel or channel; v is the water flow rate; u _i - hydraulic particle size of the calculated fraction of the proper cleaning; h _i is the height of the agitation of particles of the calculated fraction of the proper cleaning, depending on the particle diameter: for particles with a particle size of d = 0.005 mm h = (0.7 ÷ 0.8) H, for d = 2 mm h = (0.3 ÷ 0, 5) H, for d> 10 mm h = (0.1 ÷ 0.3) H, where N is the depth of the water flow; L _i - the length of the section of the river bed or channel,

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the propeller devices are installed in pairs and rotate in opposite directions.

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