JP2014173253A - System for moving and discharging sediment within reservoir by making use of dam discharge energy - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable sediment, which violates the effective capacity of a dam reservoir, to be efficiently and inexpensively transferred to a dead water region.SOLUTION: Sediment transfer equipment 10 includes: a sediment transport pipe 15 for moving sediment 5 from a sedimentation position 3 in a dam reservoir 2 to a dead water region 6; a first water turbine 12 that is installed within a discharge pipe 11 passing through a dam body 1 and that is rotated by discharge water; and a second water turbine 14 that is coaxially connected to the first water turbine 12 within the sediment transport pipe 15 and that is rotated by a rotational force of the first water turbine 12 to generate a flow sending force directed in the direction of the dead water region 6 from the sedimentation position 3.

Description

  The present invention relates to an earth and sand transfer facility and an earth and sand transfer method, and more particularly, to a technique that enables the earth and sand that invades the effective capacity of a dam reservoir to be transferred to a dead water area efficiently and at low cost.

  In the dam reservoir, the planned place where inflow sediment should be deposited is a dead water area mainly in the immediate upstream of the dam. On the other hand, when mixed with earth and sand flowing into the dam reservoir from the upstream due to flooding, etc., when it reaches the vicinity of the dam reservoir inflow at the end of the dam reservoir, the flow velocity suddenly drops, and most of the swept sand contained up to that point The suspended sand of the part is deposited and settled. The sediment deposited in this way cannot reach the dead water area described above, and most of it accumulates within the effective capacity of the reservoir. For this reason, the effective capacity of the dam reservoir is reduced, and depending on the sediment deposition position, it may adversely affect the water intake facilities and discharge facilities, which in turn may hinder various functions of the dam and power generation.

  Therefore, various methods have been proposed as measures for transferring sediment in the effective capacity of the dam reservoir to the dead water area and restoring the effective capacity of the dam reservoir. For example, excavation / removal of sedimentary sediments in a dam reservoir by dredgers, etc., and transporting them to the land, and a method of trapping sedimentation of inflow sediments by installing a sand storage dam upstream of the dam, etc. is there. In addition, a large sand discharge channel and a sand discharge gate facility are installed in the dam body, and the reservoir level is lowered to create an open channel, thereby increasing the scavenging force and discharging sediment sediment in the reservoir. There is also a way to do it. Furthermore, a part of the scavenging sand and suspended sand / wash after a large particle size material is captured by the sand storage dam, etc. by a permanent sediment control facility consisting of a sand storage dam, a branch weir, a sediment bypass tunnel, etc. upstream of the dam reservoir There is also a method of bypassing the turbid water containing the road by a bypass tunnel and bypassing the dam reservoir.

JP-A-8-134877

  However, in the prior art, the introduction and steady operation of equipment for excavating and carrying out earth and sand (such as dredgers and dump trucks), or the construction and maintenance of various permanent facilities such as sand discharge channels, gate equipment, and bypass tunnels. There is a problem that management and the like are necessary, the cost and period of introduction, construction and maintenance are large, and further complicated operation management is required.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a technique that enables the sediment that invades the effective capacity of a dam reservoir to be transferred to a dead water area efficiently and at low cost.

  The sediment transport equipment that solves the above problems is installed in a sediment transport pipe for moving sediment from the sediment position in the dam reservoir to the dead water area, and in a discharge pipe that penetrates the dam body, and is rotated by the discharged water. A first water wheel is coaxially connected to the first water wheel in the earth and sand transport pipe, and is rotated by the rotational force of the first water wheel to generate a sending force from the sediment position toward the dead water area. And two water turbines.

  According to this, it is possible to transfer the earth and sand that invade the effective capacity of the dam reservoir to the dead water area by using the discharge energy such as the maintenance discharge water in the dam without any special power. Therefore, it is not necessary to introduce and operate dredgers, dump trucks and other transport means that are dangerous for each facility on the water during bad weather such as floods, and it is possible to greatly reduce the cost of removing sediment. In addition, the effective storage capacity can be restored by transferring sediment to the dead water area, which will contribute to the increase of water use capacity such as power generation. Therefore, it is possible to transfer the sediment that invades the effective capacity of the dam reservoir to the dead water area efficiently and at low cost.

  In addition, the earth and sand transport pipe extends from the tip of the earth and sand suction portion arranged at the sedimentation position, penetrates the dam dam body, protrudes to the downstream side of the dam dam body, and then bends and penetrates the dam dam body again. The discharge port is arranged in the dead water area in the dam reservoir, and the second water turbine is installed at a site downstream of the dam dam body in the earth and sand transport pipe, and the second in the discharge pipe It is good also as what is connected with one waterwheel coaxially. According to this, the second water turbine is installed in the earth and sand transport pipe outside the dam body rather than in the dam body, so that the installation work becomes easy, and the work efficiency and maintenance management are also good.

  Moreover, the earth and sand transport method of the present invention includes a sediment transport pipe for moving sediment from the position of the sediment in the dam reservoir to the dead water area, and the first water turbine installed in the discharge pipe penetrating the dam body. A second water turbine that is rotated by discharge water and is coaxially connected to the first water wheel in the earth and sand transport pipe is rotated by a rotational force of the first water wheel, and the dead water area is moved from the sediment position in the earth and sand transport pipe. And a sedimentation force at the sedimentation position is generated and discharged to the dead water area through the sediment transport pipe.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the earth and sand which invades the effective capacity of a dam reservoir can be transferred to a dead water area efficiently and at low cost.

It is a longitudinal section showing an example of composition of earth and sand transfer equipment in this embodiment. It is a top view which shows the structural example of the earth and sand transfer equipment in this embodiment. It is a figure showing an example of connection structure of the 1st turbine and the 2nd turbine in this embodiment. It is a longitudinal section which shows the example of the earth and sand suction part with which the earth and sand transport pipe front-end | tip of this embodiment is equipped. It is a bottom view which shows the example of the earth and sand suction part with which the earth and sand transport pipe front-end | tip of this embodiment is equipped. It is sectional drawing which shows the example of the earth and sand suction part with which the earth and sand transport pipe front-end | tip of this embodiment is equipped. It is a top view which shows the example of the sediment transport pipe discharge part moving means which the sediment transport equipment of this embodiment contains. It is a side view which shows the example of the sediment transport pipe discharge part moving means which the sediment transport equipment of this embodiment contains. It is a longitudinal section showing other example 1 of application form of earth and sand transfer equipment of this embodiment. It is a top view which shows the other application form example 1 of the earth and sand transfer equipment of this embodiment. It is a longitudinal section showing other example 2 of application form of earth and sand transfer equipment of this embodiment. It is a top view which shows the other application form example 2 of the earth and sand transfer equipment of this embodiment.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a configuration example of the earth and sand transfer facility in this embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an example of the configuration of the earth and sand transfer facility in this embodiment. The earth and sand transfer facility 10 of the present embodiment enables the earth and sand that invade the dam reservoir effective capacity to be transferred to the dead water area 6 efficiently and at low cost. The dead water area 6 means an area of water that is not subject to water use below the lowest water level of the dam reservoir 2 (the position of the lowest intake), as shown in FIG. Of these, it is often located from the upstream of the dam body 1 to the central part of the reservoir.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the dam dam body 1 according to the present embodiment is preliminarily provided with a discharge pipe 11 for discharging a maintenance flow rate stipulated by law to a river or the like downstream of the dam or discharging water supply downstream. ing. A water wheel is installed in the discharge pipe 11. Hereinafter, this water wheel is referred to as the first water wheel 12.

  Moreover, the earth and sand transfer facility 10 in the present embodiment reaches the dead water area 6 in the vicinity of the dam body 1 from the sediment position 3 where the sediment 5 that affects the effective capacity of the dam reservoir is generated in the upstream part of the dam reservoir 2 or the like. A sediment transport pipe 15 is provided. The sediment transport pipe 15 extends from the tip 19 disposed at the sedimentation position 3 to the dam dam body 1 along the water bottom 4 along the lake shore of the dam reservoir 2 as appropriate. , Projecting downstream, and then bending and penetrating again through the dam dam body 1 and having a discharge port 17 disposed in the dead water area 6 in the dam reservoir 2. A water turbine is installed in the pipe located in a portion of the earth and sand transport pipe 15 located on the downstream side of the dam dam body 1. Hereinafter, this water wheel is referred to as a second water wheel 14.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the first water turbine 12 and the second water turbine 14 are connected to each other through an adjusting device 25 such as a speed increaser or a flywheel with the main shafts 13 being coaxial. When the first water turbine 12 is rotated by the discharged water 60 that flows into the discharge pipe 11 through and passes therethrough, the rotational force is transmitted to the second turbine 14 through the main shaft 13. When the second turbine 14 is rotated by obtaining the rotational force of the first turbine 12, a flow from the sediment position 3 toward the dead water area 6 is caused in the earth and sand transport pipe 15. A force for sucking sand 5 (and surrounding water) is generated. The water mixed with the sediment 5, that is, the sediment flow 61, sucked by the suction hole 21 at the sedimentation position 3 by the flow force caused by the rotation of the second water turbine 14 moves through the sediment transport pipe 15 and finally the discharge port 17. To be discharged into the dead water area 6. The structure of the earth and sand suction part 16 has a plurality of suction holes opened toward the sediment 5 on the bottom 4 at the bottom 20 as shown in the longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 4, the bottom view of FIG. 5, and the sectional view of FIG. 6. 21 is provided in a row. The structure of the earth and sand suction part 16 shown here is merely a reference example. For example, the earth and sand suction part 16 is not provided with the suction hole 21 described above, and only the opening of the earth and sand transport pipe tip 19 is provided. May be.

  The sediment flow 61 drawn from the sedimentation position 3 by the flow force generated in the second water turbine 14 and discharged from the discharge port 17 discharges the sediment to the bottom 4 of the dead water area 6 and transfers it. A deposit of earth and sand 7 is formed. As shown in FIG. 1, the transported sediment 7 accumulated in the dead water area 6 is sucked by a sediment suction facility 31 and discharged through a transport pipe 32 to a sand drain pipe installed in the sand tunnel 30 or the dam body 1. And discharged to the outside.

  In addition, the rotation direction of the first water wheel 12 and the second water wheel 14, the angle of the water wheel blades, and the like are set so that the above-described feeding force can be generated with a predetermined strength. Further, as the first turbine 12 and the second turbine 14, a propeller turbine or an S-shaped tubular turbine can be adopted. The S-shaped tubular turbine has a structure in which a turbine draft portion is bent into an S-shape and a propeller turbine shaft is penetrated to the outside of the pipeline, so that it is easy to connect the turbines and install the adjusting device 25 described above.

  Then, the structure which carries out the plane movement of the discharge outlet 17 of the earth and sand transport pipe 15 is demonstrated. FIG. 7 is a plan view showing an example of the earth and sand transport pipe discharge part moving means included in the earth and sand transfer facility 10 of the present embodiment, and FIG. 8 is a diagram of the earth and sand transport pipe discharge part moving means included in the earth and sand transfer facility 10 of the present embodiment. It is a side view which shows an example. In FIG. 9, when the earth and sand flow 61 from the discharge port 17 is thrown into the dead water area 6 immediately upstream of the dam, and the earth and sand contained in the earth and sand flow 61 reaches near the sedimentation level (dead water area upper surface water level), the discharge port. It is necessary to move 17 in a plane. Therefore, in the sediment transport equipment 10 of the present embodiment, the cable crane 50 is arranged on the surrounding lake shore 45 on the dead water area 6 as a moving means of the discharge port 17 in the sediment transport pipe 15.

  The cable crane 50 includes four struts 51 erected at a predetermined distance from the lake shore 45 (or on the dam body 1) of the dam reservoir 2 and a pair of struts 51 facing each other across the lake shore 45. A traversing wire 52 installed, a pair of traversing devices 53 that can move in parallel on each traversing wire 52, a traveling wire 54 stretched between the traversing devices 53, and a traveling device 55 that moves on the traveling wire 54. The hook block 56 is suspended from the traveling device 55 so as to be vertically movable and is used for slinging, and the drooping wire 57 that is slung on the hook block 56 and grips the periphery of the discharge port 17 in the earth and sand transport pipe 15.

  When moving the discharge port 17 of the earth and sand transport pipe 15, the transverse device 53 is translated by a predetermined distance on the transverse wire 52, and the traveling device 55 is moved on the traveling wire 54 as necessary. The hook block 56 and the discharge port 17 are traversed and run.

  FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an application example 1 in which the earth and sand transfer facility 10 of the present embodiment is applied to an earth and sand lake transportation facility, and FIG. 10 shows an application example 1 of the earth and sand lake transportation facility of this embodiment. It is a top view. The earth and sand transfer equipment of this embodiment is applicable not only to the use of sediment transport as described above but also to other uses. That is, when turbid water is prolonged in the dam reservoir 2 at the time of flooding, the fresh water flowing into the dam reservoir 2 is discharged into the vicinity of the inlet 8 of the discharge pipe 11, that is, to the lower layer 41 in the stored water of the dam reservoir 2. It becomes possible to discharge fresh water to downstream rivers, which are water intake destinations such as agricultural water. Therefore, fresh water can be supplied to the downstream river immediately after the flood.

  As another application example, warm water in the upper layer 40 in the stored water of the dam reservoir 2 is sucked from the tip 19 of the earth and sand transport pipe, and this is sucked near the inlet 8 of the discharge pipe 11, that is, in the lower layer in the stored water of the dam reservoir 2. By discharging to 41, warm surface water can be discharged to the downstream river. In the structure of the earth and sand transfer facility 10 in this case, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the earth and sand transport pipe tip 19 is not provided with the earth and sand suction part 16 and is in a surface layer area near the water surface 27 near the dam body 1. Will be placed.

  According to the above embodiment, the earth and sand which invades the effective capacity of the dam reservoir can be transferred to the dead water area efficiently and at low cost. Also, if this form is operated upside down, if there is an anoxic region near the bottom of the reservoir lake, surface water containing a large amount of oxygen in the upper reservoir will be sent to the lower anoxic region to eliminate the anoxic state. Is also possible.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described concretely based on the embodiment, it is not limited to this and can be variously changed in the range which does not deviate from the summary.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Dam dam body 2 Dam reservoir 3 Sedimentation position 4 Bottom of water 5 Sedimentation 6 Dead water area 7 Transfer sand 8 Inlet 9 Intake tower 10 Sediment transfer equipment 11 Discharge pipe 12 First turbine 13 Main shaft 14 Second turbine 15 Sediment transport pipe 16 Sediment suction part 17 Discharge port 18 Discharge pipe 19 Sediment transport pipe tip 20 Sediment suction part bottom surface 21 Suction hole 25 Adjuster 26 Water surface 30 Drain tunnel 31 Sediment suction equipment 32 Transport pipe 40 Upper layer 41 Lower layer 45 Lake shore 50 Cable crane 51 Strut 52 Traversing wire 53 Traversing device 54 Traveling wire 55 Traveling device 56 Hook block 57 Drooping wire 60 Effluent water 61 Sediment flow

Claims (3)

A sediment transport pipe for moving sediment from the sedimentation position in the dam reservoir to the dead water area;
A first water turbine installed in a discharge pipe penetrating the dam body and rotated by the discharge water;
A second water turbine that is coaxially connected to the first water wheel in the earth and sand transport pipe and that rotates by the rotational force of the first water wheel to generate a flow force from the sediment position toward the dead water area;
Sediment transfer equipment characterized by comprising. The earth and sand transport pipe extends from the tip disposed at the sedimentation position, penetrates the dam dam body, protrudes to the downstream side of the dam dam body, then bends and penetrates the dam dam body again in the dam reservoir. It has a form in which a discharge port is arranged in the dead water area,
The said 2nd water turbine is installed in the site | part downstream of the said dam dam body in the said earth and sand transport pipe, It is what is connected with the said 1st water turbine in the said discharge pipe coaxially. Sediment transfer equipment as described. Install a sediment transport pipe to move the sediment from the sedimentation position in the dam reservoir to the dead water area, rotate the first water turbine installed in the discharge pipe penetrating the dam dam body with the discharged water,
A second water turbine that is coaxially connected to the first water wheel in the earth and sand transport pipe is rotated by the rotational force of the first water wheel, and is sent from the sediment position toward the dead water area in the earth and sand transport pipe. A sediment transporting method, characterized by generating a flow force and discharging the sediment at the sedimentation position to the dead water area through the sediment transport pipe.

Images