RU2318610C1 - Device used for impregnation of the fibrous lengthened material with the binding - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemical industry; textile industry; other industries; production of the devices used for impregnation of the fibrous lengthened material with the binding.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the devices used for impregnation of the fibrous lengthened material with the binding. The device used for impregnation contains the impregnating block made in the form of the tank with the holes for feeding of the binding on the material, the fitting pipes for feeding of the binding into the impregnation block. On the external surface of the impregnation block in the area of location of the holes there is the recess and the holes of the impregnation block are disposed in the staggered order. Under the recess with the holes of the impregnation block additionally there is the mounted support deck with the capability of adjustment of the gap, through which the fibrous lengthened material is fed in. The support deck is made convex, and the part of the impregnation block with the holes and the recess facing the support deck is made equidistantly to the convex surface of the support deck. The value of the gap is determined by the formula. The device allows impregnation of the material with the highly-viscous bindings, including their mixtures with the powder fillers with the simultaneous adjustment and regulation of the thickness and uniformity of the binding deposition on the material.

EFFECT: the invention ensures impregnation of the fibrous lengthened material with the highly-viscous bindings, their mixtures with the powdery fillers at the simultaneous adjustment and regulation of the thickness and uniformity of deposition of the binding on the material.

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Description

The invention relates to a device for impregnating a long fibrous material with a binder and may find application in the production of polymer composite materials in aerospace, shipbuilding and other industries used, for example, as heat-protective fireproof coatings, lining and interior panels.

A device is known for impregnating a moving fibrous material with a binder, comprising a reservoir for storing impregnating solutions, connected by means of nozzles to a container having a drive mixer and made with a slot for supplying solutions to the material, the mixer being made in the form of a horizontal disk with vertical holes with the possibility of free rotation and with a clearance relative to the plane of movement of the material (Aut. St. USSR No. 1384637).

The disadvantage of this device is the inability to impregnate the material with high viscosity solutions, including solutions in a mixture with a finely divided filler, for example powder flame retardant, because mixing solutions is carried out directly at the impregnation site, which leads to poor mixing quality. In addition, viscous mixtures fall on the material directly from the holes of the disk, poorly disperse along the fibrous material, and therefore there is a possibility of the appearance of unimpregnated zones on the material.

A device for impregnating fibrous materials is known, containing containers with impregnating compositions through which the fibrous material passes, being impregnated, and the excess of the impregnating composition is then removed by scrapers (German patent No. 3817800)

The disadvantage of this device is that it cannot be used to impregnate a fibrous material with a binder containing dispersed filler, since during the passage of the material through the container with the impregnating mixture of the solution with the powder-filler, the material primarily absorbs the less viscous component of the mixture, thereby changing its concentration in the tank, which in turn leads to uneven impregnation of subsequent portions of the passing material, i.e. impairment of the quality of the impregnation.

The closest adopted for the prototype is a device for the impregnation of a fibrous long material - fiberglass-binding, containing an impregnating drum with a number of holes made in the form of slots and arranged in a checkerboard pattern and a pipe for supplying a binder. The device further comprises means for feeding an initiating agent into the drum container, a nozzle connected to the container mounted on the nozzle, and a recess is made on the outer surface of the drum in the area of the holes (Aut. St. USSR No. 546671).

A disadvantage of the known device is the inability to control the amount of applied binder having a high viscosity, including mixtures of a binder with a finely divided filler, for example flame retardant powder, due to the absence of a gap between the material and the surface of the impregnating assembly, because the material goes around the impregnating assembly adjacent to it. In addition, in the known device, the impregnation is carried out by forcing the binder through the material with the return of excess squeezed binder back to the feed pump, which is impossible when using a highly viscous binder, including its mixture with powder filler.

The technical task of the invention is to provide a device for impregnating a fibrous long material, which would allow the material to be impregnated with highly viscous binders, including mixtures of them with powder fillers, for example powder fire retardants, with simultaneous adjustment and adjustment of the thickness and uniformity of the binder application on the material, which the queue allows you to adjust the fire and heat-shielding properties of skins and panels.

To solve the technical problem, there is proposed a device for impregnating a fibrous long material with a binder, containing an impregnating assembly made in the form of a container with holes for supplying a binder to the material and nozzles for supplying a binder to the impregnating assembly, and a recess is made on the outer surface of the impregnating assembly and the holes themselves are staggered, characterized in that a support plate is installed under the recess with the holes of the impregnating unit schadka with adjustable gap through which the supplied lengthy fibrous material, wherein the bearing pad is convex and faces the bearing part of the site infiltrant assembly with holes and a recess formed equidistantly convex surface of the support platform, a gap is determined by the formula

D = (q / (100-q)) g / r + d ₁ where

D is the determined gap (m);

q - required binder deposit (in%);

g is the mass of 1 m ^{2 of} impregnated material (kg / m ² );

r is the density of the binder (kg / m ³ );

d ₁ - the thickness of the impregnated material (m).

The theoretical justification of the proposed device is that the adjustable gap allows you to apply on the impregnated material the necessary, strictly calculated amount of a highly viscous binder, including and mixtures thereof with a finely divided filler, for example, a powder flame retardant that improves the fire properties of the resulting material. High-viscous binders supplied to the cavity of the impregnating unit or mixtures thereof with various fillers fill the cavity, exit the holes in the recess, fill it, pass to the impregnated material, which, passing in an adjustable gap, rests on a support platform having a slight curvature convex in the direction of the impregnating node. The surface of the impregnating assembly, containing holes and a recess in the region of these holes, is made equidistant with respect to the convex part of the support area and plays the role of a calibrating surface with respect to the size of the binder or its mixtures with finely divided fillers. A platform made with a slight curvature convex in the direction of the impregnating assembly is necessary, firstly, to establish the design clearance, and, therefore, to obtain an impregnated material with the necessary binder or its mixtures with a fine filler on the material; secondly, due to the bulge, it creates tension of the material, preventing jerking and vibrations of the material in the gap when it moves under the impregnating assembly.

The drawing schematically shows a device where

1 - impregnating node;

2 - nozzles;

3 - the capacity of the impregnating node;

4 - holes;

5 - deepening;

6 - reference platform;

7 - long fiber material.

The device operates as follows.

The impregnation device is located on the installation for the manufacture of the prepreg, containing the nodes of unwinding and receiving the impregnated material and the drying unit of the impregnated material (not shown). In the impregnating node 1 through the inlet pipes 2 into the tank 3 is fed a binder. The binder fills the container 3 and through the hole 4 it enters the recess 5. Under the impregnating node 1, a support platform 6 is installed, which can change its position relative to the impregnating node 1 vertically, respectively reducing or increasing the gap between the surface of the platform and the impregnating node. The supporting platform 6 is made convex, and the surface of the node 1 with holes 4 and the recess 5 is made equidistant to the surface of the platform 6. The holes 4 are made in the form of slots arranged in a checkerboard pattern. The length of the recess 5 is equal to the width of the impregnated material 6. The material from the unwinding unit is passed through the gap between the support platform and the surface of the impregnating unit, where a binder is applied to the material, the thickness of which is determined by the size of the gap and the equidistant surface of the impregnating unit. Then, the impregnated material passes through a drying unit (for example, an infrared emitter) and is wound on a receiving unit. Then determine the thickness of the impregnated material with a micrometer.

An example implementation 1.

When checking the operability of the device, the following were used: T15P fiberglass - 76 with a thickness of 0.15 mm (0.15 · 10 ^-3 m).

As a binder, the binder FPR-520 + flame retardant ALOH) ₃ (in the ratio by weight of 50% / 50%) was used.

By the formula, the gap value D was determined.

The density of the binder r = 1700 kg / m ³ :

The mass of 1 m ² of T15P fabric is 76 g = 0.17 kg / m ² .

The amount of deposit on the fabric q = 50%

The thickness of the fabric d ₁ = 0.15 · 10 ^-3 m

Weight 1 m ^{2 of} fabric r = 0.17 kg / m ² .

Substituting into the formula, we get:

D = 0.25 mm (0.25 · 10 ^-1 m).

After calculation, a clearance of 0.25 mm is set on the device.

An example implementation 2.

Also, the operation of the device was checked using organ tissue CBM and a binder FPS-3. In a mixture with flame retardant Mg (OH) in the same ratio by weight.

The clearance was calculated using the following data:

r = 1520 (kg / m ³ );

g = 0.1 (kg / m ² );

q = 60%;

d ₁ = 0.08 · 10 ^-3 (m).

After calculating the formula, we get: D = 0.18 mm.

Obtained in examples 1, 2, the finished prepregs were cut into pieces of 600 × 600 mm, of which they were laid out on the shape of the skin. The skin was cured in a vacuum bag at elevated temperature.

After the manufacture of the skin, their thickness was determined: for the skin of 5 layers of fiberglass, the thickness of the skin was in the range of 1-1.15 mm. For lining of 5 layers of CBM organotissue, the lining thickness was in the range of 0.625-0.675 mm. Such a variation in the thicknesses of the finished material shows a good uniformity of the application of the binder to the material.

When using a prototype of similar binder devices as a device for applying fibrous material, a positive result was not obtained due to the absence of a calibrating gap on the device.

The technical and economic effect of the implementation of the invention consists in the possibility of impregnation of fibrous long materials with a highly viscous binder, including in a mixture of it with finely divided fillers, for example, powder flame retardants, with the possibility of regulating the application of a binder to the fabric, which allows to obtain a prepreg with predetermined properties, for example, with increased fire safety.

Claims (1)

A device for impregnating a fibrous long material with a binder, comprising an impregnating unit made in the form of a container with holes for supplying a binder to the material, and nozzles for supplying a binder to the impregnating unit, and a recess is made on the outer surface of the impregnating unit in the location of the holes, and the holes themselves are located in a checkerboard pattern, characterized in that under the recess with holes of the impregnating assembly, a support platform is installed with the possibility of adjusting the gap through the cat the fibrous lengthy material is supplied, while the support platform is convex, the part of the impregnating unit with holes and recess facing the support platform is made equidistantly convex surface of the support platform, and the gap value is determined by the formula: D = (q / (100-q)) · g / r + d ₁ , where D is the determined gap, m; q is the required binder deposit,%; g - mass of 1 m ^{2 of} impregnated material, kg / m ² ; r - binder density, kg / m ^3; d ₁ - the thickness of the impregnated material, m