RU2318576C2 - System of scraping, transportation and collection of the silt and the settler used by the water treatment stations - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: municipal economy; different branches of industry; the systems of the scraping, transportation and collection of the silt and the settlers for the water-treatment stations.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the system of the scraping, transportation and collection of the silt, and also to the settler containing the transportation components. The technical result of the invention is creation of the design of the system of scraping containing the design of the transportation components preventing the silt overflow through the upper edge of the transportation components. The system of the scraping, transportation and collection of the silt contains first of all the number of the scraping and transportation components. At that the transportation components are disposed at least at two levels including the lower level consisting of the direct transportation components located essentially perpendicularly concerning the longitudinal axis of the settler, and the upper level, at which the transportation components are made in the form of the arch and located in the horizontal direction and-or are bent in the middle point at an angle. The invention also presents the descriptions of the versions of the settlers, which use the scraping systems.

EFFECT: the invention presents the created design of the system of scraping containing the design of the transportation components preventing the silt overflow through their upper edges, and also the versions of the settlers using the scraping systems.

11 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to a system for scraping, transporting and collecting sludge, comprising primarily a number of scraper and conveying elements, a sump, and also a reciprocating scraper conveyor, consisting of such scraper and conveying elements and designed to transport sludge and similar sediments at water treatment plants, said stations containing a sump with a pocket or pockets for collecting sludge and / or sludge removal sites.

To date, in many sumps, chain scraper conveyors are used to remove the sludge deposited on the bottom of the sump. These scraper chain conveyors consist of one or more scraper knives extending across the bottom of the sump, which are pulled forward by continuously operating chains, performing a pater noster conveyor movement. These structures have certain advantages, providing high-quality cleaning and, in addition, have good functionality, provided that the structure is in good condition. However, despite the quality of the basic design, serious equipment failures often occur. This is due to severe corrosion, which affects all parts, including chains. In the settling tanks of water treatment plants, the environment is extremely aggressive due to the presence of acidic aluminum and iron salts in the water treatment plants used during the chemical precipitation operation, which salts are used, among other things, to precipitate phosphorus.

It is also proposed to use a cross member that is moved above the surface of the water in the sump. A vertical scraper conveyor is mounted on the shoulders of the cross member. The disadvantage of this design is that it is difficult to use in existing sumps, in which quite often various equipment is located above the sump, such as transition bridges, as well as other equipment that serves as an obstacle. In addition, vertical devices holding the scraper conveyor interfere with the deposition.

In some sumps, especially in Eastern Europe, and also where large volumes of sludge have to be handled, sumps contain sludge collection pockets located at each end of the sump. Such sedimentation tanks are equipped with transverse scraper conveyors, the disadvantages of which are noted above.

In addition, it is also proposed to use scraper conveyors with wire traction or scraper devices in which one or more wires pull a trolley or slide with scraper along or near the bottom of the sump, performing reciprocating movements (patents SE-B-423968; US- A-2866557; US-A-2768749; US-A-4090966; GB-A-1504518). An improvement of this technique compared to the chain scraper conveyors used so far is a much simpler, easier and cheaper design. However, this system involves the use of various devices for turning scraper knives and for controlling such a rotation from vertical to horizontal position and vice versa, during the reciprocating movement performed by the wire (s). Scraper knives, consisting of metal plates mounted on a rib in the direction of transportation and most often equipped with a rubber strip at the edge, are located across the width of the sump, perpendicular to the direction of transportation. However, with the reciprocating movement of the scraper knives, silt shaking occurs, the so-called sludge leak, which is associated with the occurrence of turbulence behind the knives, which is why it is impossible to achieve maximum efficiency. The load on the devices requires them to be made of metal, and in order to prevent corrosion of the devices too quickly, they must be made of more acid-resistant materials, which leads to higher costs.

From the description of the patent SE-C-454140, a device for settling tanks and similar objects is known for moving sludge and sludge collected from the bottom of the sump, for which a transport device is used to move forward and backward near the bottom of the sump, and the sludge and sediment are transported forward to one of the ends of the sump, and the conveyor consists of a frame that contains wedge-shaped means with a triangular cross section, which means are located essentially perpendicular to the direction of movement I’m a conveyor, the top of the wedge is facing back, and the base of the wedge of the specified means is facing forward.

In addition, from the description of patent EP-B-0532484, a conveyor element is known for a reciprocating scraper conveyor designed to move sludge in settling tanks or similar objects of water treatment plants, this element having a cross section having a downwardly facing surface, which is, a substantially inclined, convex surface, and a substantially vertical concave surface, the concave surface facing forward in the conveying direction.

Sludge transportation is always carried out when these elements are placed perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the conveyor, when the chain, network or rod moves along the bottom of the sump, and the chain moves continuously in one direction, and the network or rod moves forward and backward.

It has now been found that some of the light sludge types that are often present at tap water treatment plants, as well as at wastewater treatment plants, especially when using chemical deposition, will spill over the upper edge of the conveying element as this element moves forward.

One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a design that eliminates the above disadvantages.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the system of scraping, transportation and collection of sludge, containing primarily a number of scraper and conveying elements, the conveying elements are located at least at two levels, including the lower level, consisting of direct conveying elements placed essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the sump, and an upper level in which the conveying elements are arched in the horizontal direction and / or bent in sulfur INE angle.

It should be noted that in the present system, the transporting elements simultaneously perform a scraper function.

In addition, preferably the upper conveying element forms an angle of at least 5 ° relative to the longitudinal direction of transportation.

Even more preferably, the upper conveying element is V-shaped, with the open side V facing the conveying direction.

In addition, the upper conveying element may have an arcuate, U-shape, with a horizontal concave surface transverse to the settler in the conveying direction.

Additionally, the conveying element may have a triangular or wedge-shaped cross section.

Preferably, the cross section of the conveying element has a vertical concave surface facing in the conveying direction.

The conveying element preferably has a triangular or wedge-shaped cross section (SE-C-454140) or else has a concave vertical surface facing in the direction of transport (EP-B-0532484).

Another aspect of the invention is a sump at a water treatment plant, comprising a transporting element reciprocating, the transporting elements having the configuration described above.

Preferably, the conveying elements are arranged in at least two levels, including a lower level consisting of direct conveying elements arranged substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the settler, and an upper level in which the conveying elements are arched in a horizontal direction and / or bent in the middle at an angle.

Even more preferably, the conveying elements are located at least at two levels, including a lower level in which the conveying elements are bent at an angle in the horizontal direction, and an upper level in which the conveying elements are arched in the horizontal direction and / or bent in the middle under angle.

In addition, the conveying elements are located at least at two levels, including the lower level, in which the conveying elements are arched in the horizontal direction and / or curved in the middle at an angle, and the upper level, consisting of direct conveying elements placed essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the sump.

Additionally, the transporting elements of the lower level can be bent at an angle different from the bending angle of the transporting elements of the upper layer.

Preferably, the sump is made bilaterally, in which about half of the conveying elements are turned in one direction and the other about half of the conveying elements are turned in the opposite direction, with each half of the conveying elements serving each end of the settler.

Thanks to the present invention, overflowing is minimized since the sludge will primarily move along the conveying element and accumulate in the middle, at the top of Form V.

In addition, turbulence around the scraper devices is minimized, and moving the scraper conveyor back and forth is used to transport the sludge in the sump, which contributes to significant energy savings. When moving forward a number of elements, the sludge will tilt forward through the front, preferably concave, partially rounded surface, which reduces the agitation of the sludge and helps to coalesce the mass of sludge. During the return movement, the water will slide along the upper surface of the element and fall behind the conveying element, thus preventing silt from being stirred up. In the device, which includes this transporting element, it can be given a length that closely matches the shape and length of the sump for which it is intended. In addition, the stroke length of the reciprocating movement can be controlled within wide limits, but it is preferable to make it very short in order to be able to use simple hydraulic or pneumatic devices.

Below the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

figure 1 shows a side view of the sump with a device containing a conveying element made in accordance with the present invention;

figure 2 shows in cross section of a conveying element used in the present image;

figure 3 shows in cross section another embodiment of a conveying element;

figure 4 shows in cross section another embodiment of the conveying element;

figure 5 shows the top of the sump with the configuration of the conveying elements that are the subject of the present invention;

figure 6 shows the top of the sump with another configuration of the conveying elements that are the subject of the present invention;

in Fig.7 shows a partial cross section of the sump of Fig.6;

on Fig shows a partial cross section of the sump, showing another embodiment of the configuration of the conveying element; and

figure 9 shows the top of a two-way sump with another configuration of the conveying elements that are the subject of the present invention.

A longitudinally extending sump 1 is bounded by a bottom 2, two long vertical side walls 3 and two short side walls 4, and is open from above. At the end of the sludge tank, a sludge tank is placed 6. The sludge tank can be placed anywhere, and two bunkers are also possible, one from each end of the sump 1.

The sludge accumulator can be replaced by a suction device, or it can be supplemented with a suction device designed to remove, using the suction force of the sludge, delivered to and accumulated in the respective ends of the sump.

Position 7 in figure 1 denotes a network of reinforced polymer with a mesh size of 150 mm, bearing on itself a number of V-shaped transporting elements 8a (figure 5), attached to the network 7 and thus placed almost perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the sump 1 so that the shoulders V are respectively located at an angle of at least 5 ° and preferably not more than 30 ° to the longitudinal axis. Thus, the angle at the peak V can be from 170 ° to 120 °. In addition, the conveying elements 8a can be arched in the horizontal direction, the arc limiting the V-shape as described above can be indicated by drawing a line from the outer end of the arc to the center of the arc and determining the angle at which it is located to the longitudinal axis of the scraper node. This line is indicated by a dotted line in FIG. 5 on the right side.

As shown in FIG. 2, the transport element 8 in cross section has a flat bottom surface 9, a substantially rounded, flat or slightly convex surface 10, and a substantially vertical, concave surface 11. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 , the ratio between the projections of the lengths of these sections in the order of listing is 1.6: 1.8: 1. In Fig. 2a, the arrows placed in front of the concave surface show the movement of water or with forward transport movements, while in Fig. 2b, the arrows above the convex surface show the movement of water when moving backward.

Figure 3 shows another implementation option, in which the specified ratio is 2.1: 2.5: 1, i.e. the element has a lower profile. In this embodiment, the concave surface 11 has a slightly smaller radius of curvature, which contributes to an increase in the arcuate shape of the concave surface in cross section.

Figure 4 shows a wedge-shaped element 8, in which the movement of water or sludge is shown by arrows in the same manner as is done with respect to the transporting element shown above.

The conveying element 8 can be solid or hollow and can be made of any suitable material, such as wood (impregnated under pressure), a polymer, a mixture of polymers, a cast iron sheet, the choice depending on needs and costs.

The conveying element 8, preferably one that has a vertical concave surface facing in the direction of transportation, turned out to be quite suitable for all types of sludge, such as primary sludge, biological sludge, sludge obtained by chemical deposition, as well as light sludge. This means coverage of the types of sludge and sludge that are formed both at wastewater treatment plants and at tap water treatment plants.

Along the center of the network, observed in the longitudinal direction, is placed a pull tape 12 made of stainless steel. If desired, the tape 12 can be replaced with a less flexible bar. The tape or traction rod 12 is connected at its ends with a wire 13, which through four wheels of the pulley 14a, b, c, d: two at each end of the settler 1, is connected to the drive 15, pulling the wire alternately in one direction or another . The drive 15 may be a gear motor equipped with a cable drum, or a reciprocating hydraulic piston system, to the ends of which the ends of the wire are attached. Partly due to the placement of the pulley wheels 14a and 14b at a level located just slightly above the bottom 2 of the sump, partly due to the tension of the wire 13, partly, as in this case, due to the density of the elements 8, the network 7 will only slightly touch the bottom 2, which means minimum wear and minimum traction resistance. Due to the use of so-called sliding plastic in open areas on the underside of the network, such as the pull rod 12, no wear is experienced.

Figure 6 shows two layers of transporting elements, the lower layer consisting of perpendicularly located transporting elements 8, and the upper layer consists of transporting elements 8a, bent in the center at an angle. The transporting elements 8a from the upper layer are not as tight as the elements from the lower layer. So, for example, for each upper curved or arched conveying element 8a there are from two to three "perpendicular" conveying elements.

Moving the scraper unit, the network can be carried out using a hydraulic or electromechanical working device. Thus, the drive of the conveying elements is carried out by means of a centrally located rod through a vertical rod system that performs lifting and lowering, with the transition through an inclined rod to a horizontal rod carrying the conveying elements.

With a large width of the sump, several traction wires or rods 12 are used, as well as several traction rods 13, if this is required for smooth operation.

The device shown in figures 1, 5-6, usually operates with a stroke length of reciprocating motion equal to 40-50 cm. In this case, the stroke length can be made shorter due to the use of a number of transporting elements interconnected.

In one embodiment, the network 7 can be replaced by flexible, non-elastic tapes to which the elements 8 are attached. The tapes 16 are attached to each end of the traction rod. Tapes can likewise be replaced with non-resilient wire. The traction rod is connected, in turn, with the rod 13 to drive the device.

The construction according to the present invention provides a concentration or at which its flow over the edge of the conveying element is practically eliminated or at least significantly reduced.

In the embodiment shown above, the frame is equipped with a traction wire 13, acting from both ends. In another embodiment, the return of the traction wire 13 can be eliminated and replaced by a spring-loaded means that stretches when the wire 13 is tensioned and which returns the frame when the wire 13 is loosened.

In one embodiment, about half of the transporting elements are turned in one direction and about half of the transporting elements are turned in the opposite direction. Figure 9 shows such a two-sided sump, which contains the transporting elements that are the subject of the present invention and facing in both directions to move the sludge to each end of the sump and to the drives located there.

The vertices of the elements are facing the corresponding short sides 4 of the sump, and their front, conveying, preferably concave surface is facing the corresponding opposite short sides 4.

It is important that the network contains through holes, so that liquid or sludge can pass from the bottom of the frame to its upper side, because otherwise sediment may accumulate under the frame.

One skilled in the art will appreciate that the scope of the present invention encompasses many configuration options for the transporting elements that are all encompassed by the appended claims. Obviously, the choice of a specific angle during bending or the diameter of the arc can be easily determined depending on the type of sludge with which it is necessary to deal.

Claims (11)

1. The system of scraping, transportation and collection of sludge, containing primarily a number of scraper and conveying elements, characterized in that the conveying elements are located at least two levels, including the lower level, consisting of direct conveying elements placed essentially perpendicular relative to the longitudinal axis of the sump, and the upper level, in which the conveying elements are made arcuate in the horizontal direction and / or bent in the middle at an angle. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper conveying element forms an angle of at least 5 ° relative to the longitudinal direction of transportation. 3. The system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the upper conveying element has a V-shape, with the open side V facing the transport direction. 4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper conveying element has an arcuate, U-shape, with a horizontal concave surface transverse to the settler in the conveying direction. 5. The system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the transporting element has a triangular or wedge-shaped cross section. 6. The system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cross-section of the conveying element has a vertical concave surface facing in the direction of transportation. 7. A settling tank at water treatment plants, comprising a conveying element performing a reciprocating movement, characterized in that the conveying elements are located at least at two levels, including a lower level consisting of direct conveying elements placed essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the settler and the upper level, in which the conveying elements are arched in the horizontal direction and / or bent in the middle at an angle. 8. The sump according to claim 7, characterized in that it is made bilateral, in which about half of the transporting elements are turned in one direction, and the other about half of the transporting elements are turned in the opposite direction, with each half of the transporting elements serving each end of the sump. 9. A sump at a water treatment plant, comprising a transport element performing a reciprocating movement, characterized in that the transport elements are located at least at two levels, including a lower level, in which the transport elements are bent at an angle in the horizontal direction, and the upper level in which the conveying elements are made arcuate in the horizontal direction and / or bent in the middle at an angle. 10. The sump according to claim 9, characterized in that the transporting elements of the lower level are bent at an angle different from the bending angle of the transporting elements of the upper layer. 11. A sump at a water treatment plant, comprising a transport element performing a reciprocating movement, characterized in that the transport elements are located at least at two levels, including a lower level, in which the transport elements are arched in a horizontal direction and / or curved in the middle at an angle, and the upper level, consisting of direct conveying elements placed essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the sump.

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