RU2316419C2 - Apparatus for strengthening and rolling out outer surfaces of parts by means of rollers - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: plastic working of metals, possibly rolling out outer surfaces of parts.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus includes housing, two double-arm levers with rolling out heads, strengthening rollers and mechanism for controlling rolling out effort. One of rolling out heads includes two strengthening rollers and it is secured to double-arm lever with possibility of rotation in axle; its rotation center is arranged diametrically opposite relative to rotation center of strengthening roller of rolling out head mounted in other double-arm lever.

EFFECT: elimination of efforts acting upon rest of lathe and upon part, improved quality of surface.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for hardening the treatment of surfaces of parts by the method of surface plastic deformation by rolling the surfaces of parts with rollers to create internal residual compressive stresses, in particular for rolling around the outer surfaces of various shapes - a cylinder, cone, fillet, thread cavity, etc.

Known single-roll universal fixtures for turning machines designed for running parts of various shapes and sizes, containing a roller head with an obkatny roller and a holder consisting of a housing, rod and spring (GOST 16339-70-16345-70).

A disadvantage of the device of this design is that the break-in force acting on the roller of the device is transmitted to the support of the lathe, and with large rolling forces, the break-in becomes impossible due to the insufficient strength and rigidity of the support of the lathe.

A device with two rollers is known for hardening the run-in of the working surface of the rods on a lathe, the device is mounted on the rotary part of the caliper and contains a slider, racks with run-on rollers and moved by a screw with right and left threads (Durov BC, Rakhmilevich Z.Z., Chernyak Y. C. Operation and repair of compressors and pumps. - M., Chemistry, 1980, pp. 137-140).

The main disadvantage of this device is the need to upgrade the lathe, after which it becomes specialized in performing only certain technological operations.

Closest to the proposed invention is a device for smoothing and hardening processing of the outer cylindrical surfaces (SU 445565, B24B 39/04, 1974). The device is mounted on a support of a lathe and contains two diametrically oppositely located rollers located in obkatnyh heads, mounted to rotate in two mutually perpendicular planes in the levers, each of which is made of two parts connected by a threaded sleeve, and between the axes of rotation of the levers in the housing the device is a rod bearing a spring-loaded bracket, providing centering of the rollers relative to the part. The other ends of the levers are connected to the mechanism for controlling the break-in force, while the two-arm levers are configured to change the length of the shoulders to provide control of the break-in force.

A disadvantage of the device of this design is that the force from the waves of plastically deformed metal in front of the reinforcing rollers in the rolling direction is completely transferred to the support of the lathe and to the workpiece, and with large rolling forces the running-in becomes impossible due to the insufficient strength and rigidity of the support of the lathe and insufficient rigidity of the workpiece. Insufficient rigidity of the machine-tool-tool-tool-component (AIDS) system does not allow to obtain the necessary accuracy of the part, its surface roughness and sufficient depth of the hardened layer.

The invention is aimed at eliminating the action of forces on the support of the lathe and on the workpiece from the generated waves of plastically deformed metal in front of the reinforcing rollers in the rolling direction, increasing the rigidity of the machine-tool-tool-component (AIDS) system, improving accuracy and improving the quality of the workpiece surface.

This problem is solved due to the fact that the device for hardening the run-in by rollers of the outer surfaces of the parts comprises a housing, two two-arm levers with obkatnyh heads, reinforcing rollers and a mechanism for regulating the break-in force, while one of the obkatnyh heads has two reinforcing rollers and is mounted on a two-arm lever with the possibility of rotation on an axis whose center is diametrically opposite to the center of the axis of rotation of the reinforcing roller of the rolling head mounted on another two-arm lever.

Figure 1 shows a General view of a device for hardening rolling in by rollers of the outer surfaces of parts with a partial section;

Figure 2 is a view of D in figure 1;

Figure 3 is a section aa in figure 1;

Figure 4 is a section bB in figure 1;

Figure 5 is a section bb in figure 1;

In Fig.6 is a section GG in Fig.1.

A device for hardening rolling by rollers on the outer surfaces of parts consists of a housing 1, two-arm levers 2 and 3, a rolling head 4 with a reinforcing replaceable roller 5, a rolling head 6 with reinforcing replaceable rollers 7 and a mechanism for adjusting the running-in force 8.

In the rotary two-arm levers 2 and 3, holes are made for fastening the rolling heads 4 and 6 with axles 9 and 10 in accordance with FIGS. 3 and 4 and holes for mounting the axes 11 and 12 (FIG. 6) for fastening the two-arm levers 2 and 3 in the housing 1 with the possibility of rotation, as well as grooves for installing a mechanism for regulating the break-in force 8 by response trunnions 13 and 14 to two-arm levers 2 and 3.

The mechanism for adjusting the break-in force 8 in accordance with FIG. 5 consists of a housing 15 with pins 13, inside which a spring 16 is installed, a rod 17 with two threaded ends, a threaded nut 18 installed in the cup 19 with pins 14 for adjusting the break-in force, and a threaded nuts 20 for mounting the rod 17 in the housing 15. To rotate the nut 18, a handle 21 is included in the device kit.

For mounting the device in the tool holder of the lathe in accordance with Fig.6, the housing 1 has a spike 22.

A device for hardening rolling rollers on the outer surfaces of the parts works as follows.

Reinforcing interchangeable rollers 5 and 7 are mounted and fastened to the spindles of the rolling heads 4 and 6, depending on the type of workpiece surface being machined - cylinder, cone, fillet, thread depression, etc.

The device with the removed mechanism for regulating the break-in force 8 is installed and mounted in the support of the lathe for the spike 22 made on the housing 1.

By moving the support of the lathe, the rolling heads 4 and 6 are brought to the workpiece and set so that the axis passing through the center of rotation axis of the reinforcing roller 5 of the rolling head 4 and the center of rotation axis of the rolling head 6 coincide with the center of the workpiece in accordance with FIG. one.

The mechanism for adjusting the break-in force by 8 pins 13 on the housing 15 is installed in the grooves of the lever 3 and the rotation of the nut 18 by the handle 21 brings the pins 14 of the glass 20 into the groove of the lever 2 until they touch the upper surface of the groove. By further rotation of the nut 18, the levers 2 and 3 are turned until the toughening rollers (5, 7) touch the run-in outer surface of the part and adjust the necessary run-in force.

Include the rotation of the workpiece and the longitudinal movement of the support of the lathe. Reinforcing rollers 5 and 7 rotate from the rotation of the workpiece and produce hardening treatment of the outer surface of the part.

The presence in the device of two two-shoulder levers mounted in the housing on the axles with the possibility of rotation of the levers relative to the axes, at one ends of which the rolling heads are fixed with replaceable reinforcing rollers, where one of the rolling heads has two reinforcing rollers and is mounted on the lever on the axis with the possibility of rotation, and a mechanism for regulating the break-in force is connected to the other ends of the levers by the axes, they provide closure of the pressing force of the rollers to the workpiece and the device body, and the action of the forces generated The waves of plastically deformed metal in front of the reinforcing rollers in the rolling direction are closed on the obkatny head having two reinforcing rollers and the workpiece, and thus the rolling forces are not transmitted to the lathe support.

The presence in the device, namely in two-arm levers, of several holes for their fastening in the device body on the axes with the possibility of rotation of the levers relative to these axes provides an extension of the range of regulation of the break-in force by changing the length of the shoulders of the two-arm levers.

The presence of a spike on the casing of the device provides fastening of the device in the tool holder of the lathe.

The technical result provided by the proposed device for hardening the run-in by rollers of the outer surfaces of the parts is expressed in increasing the rigidity of the machine-tool-tool-tool (workpiece) system (AIDS), thereby increasing processing productivity (improving the running-in modes), increasing the accuracy and improving the quality of the processed surface, the depth of the hardened layer of the part increases.

The present invention meets the criterion of "industrial applicability" and is used for hardening the surfaces of parts by surface plastic deformation by rolling around the surfaces of parts with reinforcing rollers to create internal residual compressive stresses, in particular for rolling around external surfaces of various shapes - a cylinder, cone, fillet, thread cavity etc.

Claims (1)

A device for hardening rolling by rollers on the outer surfaces of the parts, comprising a housing, two two-arm levers with obkatnyh heads, reinforcing rollers and a mechanism for adjusting the rolling force, characterized in that one of the obkatnyh heads has two reinforcing rollers and is mounted on the two-arm lever with the possibility of rotation on the axis, while its center of rotation is diametrically opposite to the center of rotation of the reinforcing roller of the rolling head mounted on the other two-arm lever.

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