RU2315174C1 - Device for sand plug removal from well - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: well operation and repair, particularly for well cleaning of sand plugs and mud with the use of coiled tubing.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises transition module including adaptor, striking shell. The striking shell comprises hollow body with pouring orifices fixedly connected with case in lower part thereof and breaking mechanism with hollow stem and two radial orifices. The hollow body has end teeth. Transition module additionally has centrator fixedly connected to adapter in upper part thereof. Transition module is telescopically connected with striking shell through spring-loaded centering sub. Upper centering sub part comprises inner annular seat. Lower part thereof has groove with lower extension. Discharge orifices are made in central part of hollow striking shell body. Breakage mechanism comprises hydraulic distribution unit located under annular working piston and connected to stem. The hydraulic distribution unit comprises cup and annular hydrodistribution piston, which are spring-loaded one relatively another. Lower end of annular hydrodistribution piston is provided with annular groove. Two figured slots shaped as parallelogram are formed in outer side surfaces of annular working piston and annular hydrodistribution piston of breakage mechanism so that the figured slots are symmetrically arranged with respect to device axis. The figured slots provide thrust stop ends engagement in lower slot parallelogram corner, which defines acute angle, created in annular working piston and in upper slot parallelogram corner, which defines acute angle, created in annular hydrodistribution piston. Two symmetric circulation orifices are formed between the figured slots. Valve assembly is arranged in working chamber of hollow centering sub and is made as mandrel with spring-loaded valve installed in upper part thereof. Mandrel center is attached to annular working piston.

EFFECT: possibility to combine percussion and rotational action on highly cemented sand plug parts, increased operational efficiency and prevention of device jamming.

12 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the operation and repair of wells and can be used to clean wells from sand plugs and sludge using coiled tubing.

Analysis of the existing level showed the following:

- it is known a device for cleaning a well from a sand plug, containing an adapter module, including an adapter (sub), an impact sleeve, including a hollow body (hollow cylinder) with drain holes (radial channels) (see RF Clause No. 2213848 dated December 18, 0101 according to class Е21В 37/00, 21/00, published in OB №28, 2003) In the lower part of the sleeve there are made face teeth. A failure mechanism is installed in the sleeve, including a hollow rod (hollow cylindrical body), in the lower part it is rigidly connected to a crown equipped with end teeth (carbide cutters) and having radial channels (vertical washing channels).

The disadvantages of this device are the low efficiency of destruction of the sand plug and the unreliability of the device, due to several reasons:

- the destruction mechanism and the sleeve perform only reciprocating movements, impacting the sand cork with blows, as a result of which it is not always possible to destroy strongly cemented sections of the sand cork;

- for the reciprocating movement of the shock sleeve, it is necessary to constantly monitor the weight of the tool assembly, under the influence of which these movements are made, excess weight can lead to the impossibility of striking the shock sleeve on a sand cork;

- the absence of a forced return of the destruction mechanism to its original position can lead to jamming of the device.

As a prototype, a device for cleaning a well containing a transition module, including an adapter, a shock sleeve, including a hollow body with drain (circulation) holes, rigidly connected in the lower part with a casing provided with end teeth, the inner surface of which is sloped, forming a socket, is taken , and a fracture mechanism coaxially mounted in the sleeve, including a hollow rod with radial holes, in the upper part made in the form of an annular working piston, passing into the valve assembly ( the end valve), and in the lower one it is rigidly connected to the crown, equipped with end teeth and having radial channels, while the transition module, the shock sleeve and the fracture mechanism have a common axial hydraulic channel (see RF No. 2242585 dated 05/28/03 according to class E21B 37/00, 21/00, published in OB No, 2004)

The disadvantages of this device are the low destruction efficiency of the sand plug and the insufficiently high reliability of the device, due to several reasons:

- the mobility of only the destruction mechanism does not allow mechanical action on the sand plug along the entire perimeter of the axial channel, and the hydro-monitor impact of the nozzle is not enough to destroy the cemented sections of the sand plug;

- the destruction mechanism performs only reciprocating movements, acting on the sand cork by impacts, without ensuring the destruction of strongly cemented sections of sand corks;

- the absence of a forced return of the fracture mechanism to its original position leads to jamming of the device.

The technical result that can be obtained by implementing the invention is reduced to the following:

- increases the efficiency of the destruction of the sand cork due to the special design of the shock sleeve and the destruction mechanism, providing a combination of shock and rotational action on strongly cemented sections of the sand cork;

- increases the reliability of the device by providing a forced return of the destruction mechanism and the shock sleeve to its original position, carried out by hydraulic connections and springs, with the exception of jamming of the device.

The technical result is achieved using a known device containing a transition module, including an adapter, a shock sleeve, including a hollow body with drain holes, rigidly connected in the lower part with a casing equipped with end teeth, the inner surface of which is sloped, forming a bell, and a fracture mechanism coaxially mounted in a sleeve, including a hollow rod with two radial holes, in the upper part made in the form of an annular working piston, passing into the valve assembly, and in lower - rigidly connected to the crown, equipped with end teeth and having radial channels, while the transition module, shock sleeve and the destruction mechanism have a common axial hydraulic channel.

According to the invention, the adapter module further comprises a centralizer rigidly connected in the upper part to the adapter and having an inner annular protrusion with drainage holes symmetrically located beneath it.

The adapter module is telescopically connected to the shock sleeve through a spring-loaded hollow centering sub, in the upper part containing a bottom stop, in the middle part having a conical extension to the bottom of the inner channel to form a working chamber, and in the lower part it is rigidly connected to the hollow body of the shock sleeve.

The upper part of the hollow body of the shock sleeve contains an inner annular seat, the lower has a groove with a lower protrusion, and drain holes are made in the middle part. Above and below the drain holes, the hollow body of the shock sleeve has diametrically opposed two circulation holes and between them two upper and lower threaded holes for stop stops. In this case, the casing of the shock sleeve in the middle part has radial inclined holes.

The annular working piston of the destruction mechanism has an annular groove in the upper end face.

The destruction mechanism further comprises a hydraulic distribution unit located on the rod under the annular working piston, consisting of a cup and an annular hydraulic distribution piston, spring-loaded with each other with the possibility of hydraulic connection with the drain holes of the hollow body of the shock sleeve, the lower end of the annular hydraulic distribution piston having an annular groove.

On the outer side surfaces of the annular working piston and the annular hydraulic distribution piston of the fracture mechanism at the level of the upper and lower threaded holes for the stop stops of the respectively hollow body of the shock sleeve, two curved parallelogram-shaped grooves are arranged symmetrically relative to the axis of the device, made in a mirrored position relative to a plane perpendicular to device axes providing hooks of the ends of the stop stops in the lower acute angle of the parallelogram of curly pa a call on the annular working piston and in the upper sharp corner of the parallelogram of curly grooves on the annular hydraulic distribution piston. Between the curly grooves are two symmetrical circulation holes.

Symmetric circulation openings of the annular working piston have the possibility of hydraulic connection with the annular groove in the upper end of the latter and two circulation openings of the hollow body of the shock sleeve, and the symmetric circulation openings of the annular hydraulic distribution piston with the annular groove in the lower end of the latter, two radial openings of the hollow rod and two circulation holes of the hollow body of the shock sleeve.

The valve assembly is located in the working chamber of the hollow centering sub of the shock sleeve and is made in the form of a core with a spring-loaded valve mounted on it in the upper part, fixed by a compensating ring and an adjusting nut. The core in the lower part is rigidly connected to the annular working piston.

The radial channels of the crown are made obliquely.

Thus, the claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "novelty."

The analysis of the inventive step showed the following: from the sources of patent documentation and scientific and technical literature, we have not identified technical solutions that are based on features that match the distinctive features of the claimed technical solution. The technical result achieved is due to the unknown properties of the structural elements of the shock sleeve, the fracture mechanism, and the hydraulic connections of the device, providing a combination of shock and rotational action on strongly cemented sections of the sand plug and eliminating jamming of the device.

The technical solution does not explicitly follow from the prior art, i.e. meets the condition of "inventive step".

The design of the claimed device is illustrated by the following drawings:

figure 1 presents a longitudinal section of the device;

figure 2 presents a cross section aa;

figure 3 presents a transverse section bB;

figure 4 presents a view of the groove of the annular working piston;

figure 5 presents a view of the groove of the annular hydraulic distribution piston;

figure 6 presents a longitudinal section of the device at the time of combining the circulation holes of the hollow body of the shock sleeve and the symmetric circulation holes of the annular working piston;

in Fig.7 shows a cross section GG;

on Fig presents a longitudinal section of the device at the time of movement of the annular hydraulic distribution piston up;

figure 9 presents a cross section of DD;

figure 10 presents a cross section of an EE;

figure 11 presents a longitudinal section of the device at the time of combining the circulation holes of the hollow body of the shock sleeve and the symmetric circulation holes of the annular hydraulic distribution piston;

on Fig presents a transverse section FJ.

The inventive device contains a transition module, consisting of an adapter 1, rigidly connected to the centralizer 2. The centralizer 2 has an inner annular protrusion 3, under which the drainage holes are symmetrically located 4. The transition module is telescopically connected to the shock sleeve containing a hollow body 5. In the upper part of the hollow of the casing 5, an inner annular saddle 6 is installed. In the middle part of the hollow casing 5 there are drain holes 7, above and below which are made two diametrically opposite openings 8 and 9. Between two circulation holes 8 have two upper threaded holes for thrust stoppers 10, and between two circulation holes 9 there are two lower threaded holes for thrust stoppers 11. In the lower part, the hollow body 5 has a groove 12 with the lower protrusion 13. In the upper part, the hollow body 5 rigidly connected to the hollow centering sub 14. The hollow centering sub 14 is spring-loaded with a return spring 15, which provides axial mobility of the shock sleeve. The return spring 15 is closed by the upper casing 16, rigidly connected with the hollow centering sub 14. In the upper part, the hollow centering sub 14 is equipped with a downstroke made in the form of a nut 17 and a lock nut 18, with the possibility of fixing the shock sleeve on the annular protrusion 3 of the centralizer 2. B of the middle part, the inner channel of the hollow centering sub 14 has a conical extension to the bottom, forming a working chamber B. In the lower part, the hollow body 5 is rigidly connected to the casing 19. The lower end of the casing 19 is made in the form of teeth 20, inside The lower surface of which is made with a slope, forming a bell. In the middle part, the casing 19 has radial inclined holes 21. In the shock sleeve, a fracture mechanism is installed coaxially containing a hollow rod 22 with two radial holes 23. The upper part of the hollow rod 22 is made in the form of an annular working piston 24 with an annular groove 25. On the hollow rod 22 a hydraulic distribution unit is installed under the annular working piston 24. The hydraulic distribution unit contains a cup 26 and an annular hydraulic distribution piston 27, spring-loaded with each other by a spring 28, with the possibility of hydraulic connection with the drain holes 7 of the hollow body 5 of the shock sleeve. The lower end of the annular hydraulic distribution piston 27 has an annular groove 29. On the outer lateral surfaces of the annular operating piston 24 and the annular hydraulic distribution piston 27, at the level of the upper threaded holes for the thrust stoppers 10 and the lower threaded holes for the thrust stoppers 11 of the hollow body 5 of the shock sleeve, symmetrically with respect to the axis of the device are two curly grooves 30 and 31, made in the form of a parallelogram. The ends of the stop stops 10 are engaged in the lower acute angle of the parallelogram of the figured grooves 30, and the ends of the stop stops 11 are in the upper sharp corner of the parallelogram of the figured grooves 31. The figured grooves 31 are a mirror image of the figured grooves 30 relative to a plane perpendicular to the axis of the device. Between the curly grooves 30 and 31 are two symmetrical circulation holes 32 and 33, respectively. Symmetric circulation holes 32 of the annular working piston 24 are able to form a hydraulic connection with the annular groove 25 of the latter and two circulation holes 8 of the hollow body 5 of the shock sleeve. Symmetric circulation holes 33 of the annular hydraulic distribution piston 27 are able to form hydraulic connections with the annular groove 29 of the latter, two radial holes 23 of the hollow rod 22 and two circulation holes 9 of the hollow body 5 of the shock sleeve. Above the annular working piston 24, in the working chamber B of the hollow centering sub 14, a valve assembly is installed. The valve assembly includes a core 34, in the upper part of which a valve 35 is installed, spring-loaded with a spring 36 and fixed by a compensating ring 37 and an adjusting nut 38. The lower end of the core 34 is rigidly connected to the annular working piston 24. In the lower part, the hollow rod 22 is rigidly connected to the crown 39 The lower part of the crown 39 is provided with end teeth 40 and has radial inclined channels 41. The transition module, the shock sleeve and the fracture mechanism share a common axial hydraulic channel 42.

The device operates as follows.

When the sand plug is destroyed, the device through the adapter 1 is connected to the lower end of the column of coiled tubing pipes and lowered into the well to the depth of the sand plug formation until the end teeth 20 of the casing 19 come into contact with the plug surface (Fig. 1). A working agent is supplied to the column of coiled tubing pipes under design, overpressure. Part of the working agent passes through a common axial hydraulic channel 42 and, through radial inclined channels 41, acts on the surface of the sand plug according to the principle of the hydro-monitor effect of a liquid stream. Another part of the flow of the working agent fills the working chamber B of the hollow centering sub 14 of the shock sleeve and, as pressure builds up therein, acts on the annular working piston 24 of the valve assembly and the conical surface of the hollow centering sub 14 of the shock sleeve. In this case, the annular working piston 24 with the valve assembly moves downward and the crown 39 hits the sand plug. If the impact force on the cemented sand plug does not allow the fracture mechanism to descend until the valve 35 fits into the inner annular seat 6, the crown 39 abuts the cemented sand plug, after which the pressure acts on the inner conical surface of the hollow centering sub 14, forcing the shock sleeve to move up to the stop centralizer 2 into the hollow centering sub 14. When the shock sleeve moves upward, the formation fluid through the drainage holes 4 and drain holes 7 goes into the annulus Preventing jamming of the device during operation. Simultaneously with the shock sleeve, the inner annular seat 6 moves upward and the valve 35 sits in it, as a result of which the hydraulic connection between the cavity formed above the annular working piston 24 and the working chamber B is blocked (Fig. 6). In this case, the entire flow of the working agent is directed into the axial channel of the fracture mechanism and then acts on the sand cork along the radial inclined channels 41 of the crown 39. As the shock sleeve moves up to the stop, the stop stops 10 slide along the figured grooves 30 located on the outer side surface of the annular working piston 24 (Fig. 4), and the stop stops 11 rise up together with the annular hydraulic distribution piston 27, compressing the spring 28. B the moment of passage of the bend and the transition of the stop stoppers 10 to the extreme upper position, the fracture mechanism is rotated by turning the crown 39, as a result of which the sand plug is rotated. In this case, the circulation holes 8 of the hollow body 5 of the shock sleeve and the symmetric circulation holes 32 of the annular working piston 24 are combined (Fig. 7), forming a hydraulic connection between the cavity above the annular working piston 24 and the annular space, as a result of which excess pressure is released from the cavity above the annular working piston 24. At this point, the radial holes 23 in the hollow stem 22 are also aligned with the groove 12 in the lower part of the hollow body 5, forming a hydraulic connection of the annular groove 29 of the annular hydra a distribution piston 27 and a common axial hydraulic channel 42. Over the resulting hydraulic connection, the overpressure of the working agent from the common axial hydraulic channel 42 is supplied under the annular hydraulic distribution piston 27, as a result of which the latter begins to move upward, pushing the nozzle 26, and that in turn the annular working piston 24. In this case, the core 34 moves with the compensating ring 37 and the adjusting nut 38, and the valve 35 remains in the inner annular seat 6 (Fig. 8). As a result of the depressurization of the cavity above the annular working piston 24 and the formation of a cavity with excess pressure under the annular hydraulic distribution piston 27, the shock sleeve moves downward with the help of the return spring 15, thereby making a destructive mechanical impact (impact) on the sand plug. When the sleeve moves down, the stop stops 11 slide along the figured grooves 31 (Fig. 5), and the stop stops 10 slide along the figured grooves 30. At the moment of passage of the bend and the stop stops 10 go to the lowest position, the fracture mechanism rotates in the opposite direction, taking the original position and disrupting the hydraulic connection of the annular groove 25 with the annular space. At the same time, at the time of passage of the bend and the transition of the stop stops 11 to the lowest position, the annular hydraulic distribution piston 27 also rotates. While the circulation holes 9 of the hollow body 5 of the shock sleeve and the symmetric holes 33 of the annular hydraulic distribution piston 27 are combined, forming a hydraulic connection of the annular groove 29 with the annular space (Fig). At the moment when the annular working piston 24 reaches its extreme upper position and abuts against the inner annular seat 6, the valve 35 is thrown up by the spring 36 and returned to its original state (Fig. 11). In this position, the device is ready for the next cycle and the process repeats.

Thus, we can conclude that the proposed technical solution meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

The present invention meets the condition of patentability, as it is new, has an inventive step and is industrially applicable.

Claims (1)

A device for cleaning a well from a sand plug containing an adapter module, including an adapter, an impact sleeve, including a hollow body with drain holes, rigidly connected in the lower part to a casing provided with end teeth, the inner surface of which is sloped to form a bell, and a fracture mechanism coaxially mounted in a sleeve, including a hollow rod with two radial holes, in the upper part made in the form of an annular working piston, passing into the valve assembly, and in the lower part, rigidly with unified with a crown equipped with end teeth and having radial channels, the transition module, the shock sleeve and the fracture mechanism have a common axial hydraulic channel, characterized in that the transition module further comprises a centralizer rigidly connected in the upper part to the adapter and having an inner ring protrusion with drainage holes symmetrically located beneath it, while the adapter module is telescopically connected to the shock sleeve through a spring-loaded hollow centering sub in the upper part containing a downstroke, in the middle part having a conical extension to the bottom of the internal channel with the formation of the working chamber, and in the lower part is rigidly connected to the hollow body of the shock sleeve, while the upper part of the latter contains an inner annular seat, the lower has a groove with a lower protrusion, and the drain holes are made in the middle part of the hollow body of the shock sleeve, and above and below the drain holes the hollow body of the shock sleeve has diametrically opposed two circulating x holes and between them two upper and lower threaded holes for stop stops, while the shell of the shock sleeve in the middle part has radial inclined holes, and the annular working piston of the destruction mechanism has an annular groove in the upper end, and the destruction mechanism further comprises a rod located on the rod under the annular working piston, a hydraulic distribution unit consisting of a glass and an annular hydraulic distribution piston, spring-loaded with each other with the possibility of forming a hydraulic connection and with drain holes of the hollow body of the shock sleeve, the lower end of the annular hydraulic distribution piston having an annular groove, while on the outer side surfaces of the annular working piston and the annular hydraulic distribution piston of the fracture mechanism at the level of the upper and lower threaded holes for the stop stops of the hollow body of the shock sleeve, respectively relative to the axis of the device are two curly grooves in the form of a parallelogram, made in a mirrored position and relative to the plane perpendicular to the axis of the device, providing hooks to the ends of the stop stops in the lower acute angle of the parallelogram of the figured grooves on the annular working piston and in the upper acute angle of the parallelogram of the figured grooves on the annular hydraulic distribution piston, and two symmetrical circulation holes are located between the figured grooves, symmetric circulation openings of the annular working piston have the possibility of forming a hydraulic connection with the annular groove in the upper end face of the one and two circulation holes of the hollow body of the shock sleeve, and symmetrical circulation holes of the annular hydraulic distribution piston with an annular groove in the lower end of the latter, two radial holes of the hollow rod and two circulation holes of the hollow body of the shock sleeve, the valve assembly is located in the working chamber of the hollow centering sub the shock sleeve and is made in the form of a core with a spring-loaded valve mounted on it in the upper part, fixed by the ring and the adjusting nut, while the core in the lower part is rigidly connected to the annular working piston, and the radial channels of the crown are made obliquely.

Images