RU2311319C2 - Unmanned flying vehicle for video observation and method of control and transmission of data - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: unmanned observation flying vehicles.

SUBSTANCE: proposed flying vehicle has body with global positioning systems, program automatic control system, engine connected with propeller and video equipment. Body has bottle filled with lighter-than-air gas; it consists of two planes, upper and lower connected by means of bandage. Located on upper plane are solar battery panel and first fin; located on lower plane are solar battery, second fin, technological windows, dome-type video camera and rudder turn mechanism. Signal is furnished via cellular communication channel by means of computer through second terminal wherefrom signal is furnished to transceiving station and is distributed to trawl and actuating circuits. Signal from video camera is furnished via trawl and first terminal to transceiving station and is distributed by means of switch and is transmitted to computer by means of internet; signal may be furnished to second terminal and computer through transceiving station.

EFFECT: extended functional capabilities.

3 cl, 12 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of aeronautics, namely to unmanned aerial vehicles, and is intended for video surveillance for reconnaissance purposes, search and mountain rescue operations, trunk pipelines, power lines, events with large crowds of people: rallies, demonstrations, sports, natural disasters , emergency situations, etc.

Known flying apparatus, including a frame body filled with helium, engines, fuel tanks (RF Patent No. 2009072, B64B 1/00, B64C 33/02, 03/15/1994).

The disadvantage of the analogue is the cumbersome design and significant operating costs due to the high energy intensity of the fuel tanks and a short battery life.

Known flying device of the type of airship, containing a tool comprising a gas-containing shell and used as a housing with a longitudinal axis, and means of a solar panel, made when used with the possibility of its installation outside the housing and passing only along part of the circumference of the housing, while the solar panel means is rigid attached to the airship body and runs along a sufficient length of the body to provide the necessary panel area for the basic energy needs of the airship. (RF patent No. 2236366, B64B 1/00, B64B 1/38, B64D 47/00, 09/20/2004).

The disadvantage of an analogue is limited functionality.

There is also known a system of search and video surveillance of an object, comprising display means on an unmanned aerial vehicle, control means including a control processor and a signal distributor connected to the display means, a global navigation system receiver and a transceiver connected to the control means, while the control means is also connected with rudders of an unmanned controlled aircraft, with memory and video information processing units, with memory and processing units at the command point - the receiver of the global navigation system and the transceiver connected to the pre-processing unit, which is connected via a common bus to the video information memory blocks, video information processing blocks, a communication processor and a display processor to which at least one display is connected and a telecontrol unit with a control panel, at the same time, at the command post, an unmanned controlled aircraft coordinate unit connected to a common bus is entered, a memory unit reference video information, a flight characteristics memory unit, a control processor, on an unmanned controlled aircraft, which is designed as an unmanned software-controlled aircraft, flight characteristics memory unit, ultrasonic altitude sensor, airspeed sensor, barometric altitude sensor and gyroscopes are introduced ranges of pitch, turn and slip, while the optical axis of the display means is normal to the plane of the drone’s flight rogrammno managed aircraft (RF application number 2002114606, G05D 1/12, H04N 7/18, 27.05.2004).

The disadvantage of the analogue is the design complexity, short duration and range.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the claimed one is an ultralight unmanned aerial vehicle that implements a method for reconnaissance and emergency control using an ultralight unmanned aerial vehicle and a small-sized complex like Cosmos M1, using emergency monitoring technologies for processing high-resolution images received by video equipment installed on an ultralight unmanned aerial vehicle equipped with a system EFINITIONS GPS coordinates and the software an automatic control system, an adjustable one-off commands on channel two-way communication (RF application number 2003129544, G01C 11/00, 27.03.2005).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the complexity of the launch, significant costs for the operation of the equipment.

The objective of the invention is to simplify the design, expand the functionality due to a wide range of heights and the possibility of hovering over the object.

The problem is achieved in that in an unmanned aerial vehicle for video surveillance, containing a housing in which there is a global positioning system and a programmed automatic control system, corrected by one-time commands on a two-way communication channel, and on which the engine connected to the propeller, video equipment, are located, unlike the prototype, the body inside contains a cylinder filled with gas lighter than air, and consists of two planes of the upper and lower connected by a bandage, and the solar panel and the first keel are located on the upper plane, and the solar panel, the second keel, the technological windows, the dome camera, the rudder with a bar of the rotation mechanism, which passes through the upper and lower planes and is connected with the rudder by cables, are located on the lower plane moreover, the first keel and the second keel are connected by a hinge to the rudder, there is a mechanism for turning engines and a mechanism for turning the elevator, on the rod of the mechanism for turning the rudder perpendicular The first and third crossbars are connected locally, connected by ropes to the second and fourth crossbars.

The rudder rotation mechanism comprises an electric motor connected to a gearbox and gear transmission with a rod of the rudder rotation mechanism, on which the first and third crossbars are located.

The task is also achieved by the method of controlling and transmitting data by an unmanned aerial vehicle for video surveillance, in which data is transmitted to the device via a cellular communication channel through a first computer through a second terminal, from which the signal is sent to a transceiver station, distributed by a switch, and transmitted to a first terminal through a transceiver station and further to the trawl and executive circuits of the apparatus, which control the steering mechanisms of the rudder, engines and elevator, mechanics control the camcorder, turn on, turn off and adjust the engine speed, while using the global positioning system determine the coordinates of the location of the device, for which the signal from the dome camera through the trawl, the first terminal is sent to a transceiver station, distributed by a switch and via the Internet to a second computer or through a transceiver station, the signal is supplied to a second terminal and output to a first computer.

The dome camera allows you to observe in a vertical plane at 90 °, a horizontal plane at 360 °. It is possible to install two cameras to achieve a three-dimensional image for viewing an object in three dimensions (length, width, height), which is important when searching for work, when an integral picture of perception is needed.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a side view of the device. Figure 2 shows a front view. Figure 3 shows a bottom view. Figure 4 is a top view. Figure 5 shows the steering mechanism of the rudder, side view. Figure 6 shows the rudder mechanism, a top view. In Fig.7 - the steering mechanism of the rudder, front view. On Fig - shows a cylinder 14, a top view. Figure 9 is a side view of the steering mechanism for the elevator and propulsion system. Figure 10 - the mechanism of rotation of the elevator and propulsion system, top view. In Fig.11 - the mechanism of rotation of the elevator and propulsion system, front view. On Fig shows a block diagram of the control and transmission of video surveillance data over cellular channels.

The unmanned aerial vehicle (Fig. 1) contains a housing 1, consisting of two planes of the upper 2 and lower 3. On the upper plane 2 (Figure 4) is the first keel 4. On the lower plane 3 are a dome camera 5, rudder 6, steering wheel height 7, the second keel 8, the rod 9 of the steering mechanism of the rudder, which passes through the upper 2 and lower 3 plane. The rod 9 of the steering mechanism of the rudder is connected by cables 10 to the rudder 6. The first keel 4 and the second keel 8 are connected by a swivel 11 to the rudder 6. The engine 12 is connected to the propeller 13. Inside the housing 1 contains a cylinder 14. The bandage 15 is connected to the top 2 and lower 3 planes to prevent mutual movements. The container 14 contains seams 16 (figure 3). On the rod 9 of the rudder rotation mechanism, the first crossbar 17 is connected perpendicularly, connected by ropes 10 to the second crossbar 18. On the lower plane 3 are the solar panel 19 and technological windows 20 of the elevator and propulsion systems (not shown in Fig. 3). The upper plane 2 (figure 4) contains a third crossbar 21. The fourth crossbar 22 is located on the rudder 6. The solar panel 23, as well as the first keel 4 are located on the upper plane 2.

The rudder rotation mechanism (FIGS. 5, 6, 7) comprises an electric motor 24 connected to a gearbox 25 and gear 26 with a rod 9 of the rudder rotation mechanism, on which the first 17 and third 21 crossbars are located.

The rotation mechanism of the engines 12 (Figs. 9, 10, 11) also consists of an electric motor 27 connected to a gearbox 28 and gear 29 with a rod 30, on which there is a technological hole 31 for supplying power to the engines 12.

The steering mechanism for the elevator 7 likewise comprises an electric motor 32 connected to the gearbox 33 and the gear 34 with the rod 35 (Figs. 9, 10, 11).

In the housing 1 on the upper plane 2, a control system for transmitting video surveillance data via a cellular communication channel is installed, which contains a video camera 5 connected to a trawl 36, which is connected to GPS 37, executive circuits 38, and the first terminal 39, for example, CDMA-450. The first terminal 39 is connected to the transceiver station 40, which is connected to the switch 41 with output via the Internet 42 to the computer 43. And (or) it is possible to control and receive video surveillance data through the second terminal 44 to the computer 43.

The device operates as follows.

The cylinder 14, filled with gas lighter than air, for example helium, provides low take-off weight, which significantly reduces energy consumption during climb and maneuvers.

The range of heights varies due to the rotation of the rudders of height 7 and the rotation of the axis of the engines 12. As engines, internal combustion engines or electric motors can be used.

The electric motor 24 through the gear 25, the gear 26, the rod 9, the first 17 and the third 21 rails connected by ropes 10 to the second 18 and fourth 22 rails located on the rudder 6, rotates the rudder 6 in the horizontal plane within 170 °, t .e. relative to the longitudinal axis, 85 ° to the right and left.

The electric motor 27 through the gearbox 28, gear 29, the rod 30 rotates in a vertical plane within 170 ° (i.e. relative to the horizontal axis 40 ° down and up 130 °) a propulsion system consisting of a motor 12 and a propeller 13.

The electric motor 32 through the gear 33, gear 34, the rod 35 rotates in a vertical plane within 170 ° (i.e. relative to the horizontal axis 40 ° down and up 130 °) rudder 7.

An example of a specific implementation of the method.

Control and data transmission of video surveillance is carried out via a cellular communication channel, for example, of the IMT-MS 450 standard. An operator through a computer 43 controls and video surveillance an unmanned aerial vehicle through terminal 44. The signal from terminal 44 is sent to a transceiver station 40, distributed by a switch 41, and through a transceiver station 40 is fed to terminal 39, and then to trawl 36 and executive circuits 38, which control the movement of rotation mechanisms: rudder, engines, elevator.

The global positioning system (GPS) 37 determines the coordinates of the location of the unmanned aerial vehicle. The video signal from the dome camera 5 through the trawl 36, the first terminal 39 enters the transceiver station 40, is distributed via the switch 41, and via the Internet 42 is output to the computer 43 and / or through the transceiver station 40, the signal enters the second terminal 44 and the computer 43.

The dome camera 5, for example, Panasonic WV-CW 860/64, allows you to observe in the vertical plane at 90 °, the horizontal plane at 360 °. It is possible to install two cameras to achieve a three-dimensional image for viewing an object in three dimensions (length, width, height), which is important when searching for work, when an integral picture of perception is needed.

When landing and take-off, the apparatus rests on the second keel 8 and two engines 12, which, when landing and taking off, are in a vertical position.

So, the claimed invention allows to significantly simplify the design, expand the functionality of an unmanned aerial vehicle due to a wide range of heights and the possibility of hovering over an object.

Claims (3)

1. An unmanned aerial vehicle for video surveillance, comprising a housing in which a global positioning system and a programmed automatic control system are located, corrected by one-time commands via a two-way communication channel, and on which an engine connected to a propeller and video equipment are located, characterized in that the housing inside contains a cylinder filled with gas lighter than air, and consists of two planes, upper and lower, connected by a bandage, with a panel on the upper plane of the solar battery and the first keel, and on the lower plane there is the solar panel, the second keel, technological windows, a dome camera, a rudder with a bar of the rotation mechanism, which passes through the upper and lower planes and is connected with the rudder by cables, the first keel and the second the keel is connected by a swivel with the rudder, there is a mechanism for turning engines and a mechanism for turning the elevator, on the rod of the mechanism for turning the rudder, the first and third rails are perpendicular dyne connected by cables to the second and fourth rungs. 2. An unmanned aerial vehicle for video surveillance according to claim 1, characterized in that the rudder rotation mechanism comprises an electric motor connected to a gearbox and gear transmission with a rod of the rudder rotation mechanism on which the first and third crossbars are located. 3. A control method for an unmanned aerial vehicle for video surveillance, characterized in that the data is transmitted to the device by a signal via a cellular communication channel through a first computer through a second terminal, from which the signal is sent to a transceiver station, distributed by a switch, and transmitted to a first terminal through a transceiver station and further on to the trawl and executive circuits of the apparatus, which control the steering mechanisms of the rudder, engines and elevator, the camcorder control mechanism, is turned on power, turning off and controlling the engine speed, while using the global positioning system, the coordinates of the device’s location are determined, the dome camera signal is transmitted through the trawl, the first terminal is sent to the transceiver station, distributed by the switch, and via the Internet, it is transmitted to the second computer or the signal is sent to the transceiver the second terminal and output to the first computer.

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