RU2310182C2 - Multipurpose bench for testing wheel pair - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: testing engineering.

SUBSTANCE: bench comprises frame mounted under the rails and drive for setting the wheel pair in rotation. The drive controls the speed of rotation and direction of rotation of the wheel pair. The frame is provided with horizontal air-operated cylinder with the lever drive for lifting stands of the bench to detach the wheel pair from the rails and vertical air-operated cylinder with the lever transmission and driving rollers .

EFFECT: simplified design.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of testing equipment, and in particular to devices for vibro-acoustic diagnostics of rolling or sliding bearings of axleboxes, gear elements of wheel-motor blocks and axlebox bearings of wheel pairs of locomotives (electric locomotives, diesel locomotives and electric trains) and wagons.

In known devices of a similar purpose, elements that rotate a pair of wheels (DC motors and pneumatic cylinders) are installed on the portal. The wheelset rolls onto the stand along the rails for short inserts moving in the transverse direction for mounting the axle boxes on the supports. Pneumatic cylinders are used to raise and lower the wheelset. The rotation of the wheel pair in axle box bearings is carried out using rubberized rollers driven by electric motors, pressed from the inside to the flanges of the wagon wheel pair or the locomotive wheel pair. As a variant of this device, a design is known in which the rotation drive is left unchanged, and the nodes of raising and lowering the wheelset and the displacement of the rail inserts are combined [1].

Another device contains a similar rotation drive and, in addition, is equipped with electromagnets to hold the wheelset in place during the diagnosis process and with centering elements. The installation of the wheelset on the stand is carried out using a crane beam. Speed adjustment is provided by changing the diameter of the drive roller [2].

The author's certificate is also known (11) 1022837 (21) 33795442 / 27-11 (22) 07.01.82 3 (51) B60S 5/00 (53) 625.23 / 24 004.67 (72). A.A. Klykov, A.M. Teremkov, and V.E. Sokolov (71). Gorky Locomotive Depot. Moscow (54) (57) stand for hanging wheel pairs, containing a limited motion system from the power drive in the vertical direction, a frame supporting the device, including supporting centering elements for the axis of the wheel pair, characterized in that the centering device is made to simplify the design in the form of a vertically movable glass equipped with support rollers supported by compensating wedges mounted with the possibility of moving in a horizontal plane on the surface of a vert ikalnyh racks mounted on the frame, and the supporting elements are interconnected by earrings, and the extreme supporting elements are connected with compensating wedges levers pivotally attached to the stand.

By design, the above devices are quite complex, because the wheelset is mounted on the stand using a crane beam, and also contain a significant number of kinematic links. The indicated constructions of stands for lifting and rotating wheelsets of rolling stock also have the following structural disadvantages:

- the pressing force of the drive rollers to the inner surface of the wheelsets is not adjustable, which leads to a quick failure of the rollers (and their combustion), because starting torque is too large;

- during start-up of the electric drive there is no smooth regulation of rotation of the DC motor;

- not provided for the possibility of changing the direction of rotation of the wheelset during break-in and diagnosing the technical condition of axlebox bearings;

- there is no electrical braking of the wheelset.

The technical task of the present invention is to remedy the above disadvantages.

The specified technical problem is achieved by the fact that in a universal stand for hanging, spinning with reversing a pair of wheels during vibroacoustic diagnostics of axlebox bearings of rolling stock containing horizontal and vertical pneumatic cylinders connected by horizontal rods and lever elements with lifting-lever racks located under the housings axle boxes.

The rotation of the wheelset is carried out by drive rollers from an induction motor with speed and direction of rotation of the wheelset and with electric braking.

The use of the above structural elements, expanding the functionality of the technical solution, expands and allows to solve the technical problem.

The invention is further illustrated by an example of its specific implementation with reference to the drawings (Fig.1-6):

figure 1 - depicts a General view of the universal stand (front view);

figure 2 - depicts a General view of a universal stand (top view);

figure 3 - depicts a General view of the lifting-support racks, wheelset pressed against the inner surface of the flange drive roller and a vertical pneumatic cylinder;

figure 4 - depicts a General view when the stand is inoperative, where you can see the stand frame, parallelogram struts and thrusts of a vertical pneumatic cylinder with an adjustment mechanism;

figure 5 - depicts a stand on the side of the lifting-supporting racks with stops that fix the position of the wheelset ambassadors of its separation from the rail;

6 is a General view of the amplitude-frequency Converter, pressure reducer.

Schemes explaining the device of the universal stand are shown in the drawings (Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6). Functionally, the stand can be considered as a device consisting of two systems - a system for hanging a pair of wheels and a system for bringing it into rotation with stepless speed control from 0 to 55 Hz, combined on a common frame 1 (Fig. 2).

Consider the work of this universal stand.

The frame is installed in a recess in a concrete pit under the rail track, along which the wheelset 10 is rolled to the break-in and diagnostic position. The design of the frame also provides centering elements relative to the rail during installation, expansion and fastening to the walls of the well.

Inside the frame there is a horizontal pneumatic cylinder 2 (Fig. 1) with a lifting linkage made of oscillating earrings 3, rigidly fixed on a common axis and transmitting the force of elements 4, 5 and 6, which provide the hanging of a pair of wheels on the axle box housings by moving the lifting support racks 7 and 8. The force from the horizontal pneumatic cylinder 2 (figure 2) is transmitted to the drive mechanism of the racks 7 and 8 using horizontal rods 9. In this case, the separation of the wheel pair above the rail head is 40-50 mm.

In the center of the frame there is a vertical pneumatic cylinder 11 (FIGS. 2, 4) with parallelogram levers 12, which serve to press the drive rubber or plastic rollers 13 to the inner surfaces of the flanges of the wheelset 10 (FIGS. 2 and 3).

The transfer of the force of the rod of the pneumatic cylinder 11 to the levers of the parallelogram is carried out by intermediate rods 15 (Fig. 4), having a triangular shape in plan and allowing the force between the rollers to be changed by changing the length of the adjusting screw 17 (Fig. 4).

The shaft of one of the drive rollers 13 is rigidly connected to the shaft of a three-phase asynchronous motor 16 (Fig.2 and 4). The speed and torque of the induction motor are controlled by a digitally controlled semiconductor inverter.

Along the track 14, a pair of wheels 10 rolls onto a stand so that the axle boxes 17 are mounted above the supporting posts 7 and 8 (Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 5), after which it is necessary to hang out a pair of wheels, for which a pneumatic crane 19 (Fig. 6 ) it is necessary to translate into the "open" position, compressed air under pressure is supplied to a horizontally located pneumatic lift cylinder, and the multi-link lever system (Figs. 1 and 2) connected to its rod lifts the support racks 7 and 8. At the same time, the grippers 20 ( 5) from a horizontal position to a vertical their position due to their interaction with the stops on the support column and the wheelset is protected from displacement from the struts 7 and 8.

Between the support column and the guide rail is inserted spacer bracket 20 (Fig.3 and 5) or other intermediate device.

The wheelset is lowered onto the support legs, for which the pneumatic crane for lifting the wheelset should be moved to the closed position (venting air from a horizontal air cylinder).

The drive rollers of rotation 13 (FIGS. 2 and 3) of the wheel pair are brought in, for which the pneumatic crane for supplying the rollers must be moved to the "open" position. Compressed air is supplied to the vertical pneumatic cylinder 11 (Fig.2, 3 and 4) and the rod extends all the way into the adjustable stroke limiter of the rod 17 (Fig.2, 3), and the associated levers 15 (Fig.4) let the drive rollers 13 to the inner surfaces of the rebound wheelset, creating the necessary effort. The travel stop 17 is made in the form of a screw with a lock nut screwed into a bracket rigidly connected to the pneumatic cylinder 11.

The semiconductor inverter is supplied with voltage from a single-phase or three-phase AC network. After supplying power, the inverter starts at the command of the operator and provides acceleration and speed control of the wheelset. Upon reaching the specified speed of rotation of the wheelset, the axle bearings are run-in and the necessary measurements of the body vibration of the axlebox wheels are made. According to measurements by the appropriate method, the technical condition of axlebox bearings is determined. Information on the technical condition of the bearings being diagnosed can be obtained, for example, from an analysis of the elastic vibrations of the axle box housing, recorded with the help of vibration transducers - piezo-accelerometers.

After a running-in and diagnostic cycle, the electric motor is put into dynamic braking mode and provides a quick stop of the wheelset in 3-5 s. After a complete stop of the wheelset, the power is removed from the frequency converter and from the stand.

Drive rollers are diverted from the surfaces of the flanges of the wheelset by discharging air from the vertical pneumatic cylinder 11.

The wheelset is lowered onto the rails, for which it is necessary to put the pneumatic crane for lifting the wheelset to the "closed" position. At the same time, the compressed air in the pneumatic cylinder is discharged into the atmosphere, the return spring moves the horizontal pneumatic cylinder rod to its original position, and the associated multi-link lever system lowers the axle box support strut, after which the wheelset is rolled out in the direction of the process flow.

Information sources

1. Diagnostics of axle boxes with roller bearings. A.F. Tagirov, M.V. Orlov. J. "Railway Transport". Number 3. 1991. S. 45-47.

2. Diagnostics of roller bearings. A.F. Tagirov, M.V. Orlov. J. "Railway Transport". Number 7. 1985.

Claims (1)

A universal stand for hanging, unwinding with reversing a pair of wheels for vibro-acoustic diagnostics of axlebox bearings of a rolling stock, comprising a frame and a drive for rotating a pair of wheels, characterized in that the drive is made with continuously variable speed and adjusting the direction of rotation of the pair of wheels, as well as with dynamic braking mode , the frame is buried in the well under the rail, while a horizontal pneumatic cylinder with a lever drive of the lifting and supporting racks is installed on the frame yes tear wheelset of the rail heads and vertical pneumatic cylinder with lever transmission and drive rollers, a supply predeterminable force against rim wheelset for rotation wheelset.

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