RU2309891C2 - Pulling device (winch) with constant traction force not changing with change of number of cable layers on drum - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; load lifting and traction devices.

SUBSTANCE: proposed device consists of two drums, traction and winding ones. Traction drum 3 is used to provide constant traction force, and winding drum 6 is used for winding cable 1. Winding drum is connected with traction drum 3 through device 7 coordinating angular velocities of traction and winding drums. Device 7 contains step-up gearbox and self-controlled friction member with adjustable slip moment.

EFFECT: reduced power consumption, provision of movement of loads at constant linear velocity.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hoisting devices and can be used in all areas where it is necessary to move goods in space.

In existing winches, traction and lifting devices, a cable (chain) is used to move the load, wound around a drum, which is rigidly connected through the gearbox to the drive (Figure 1). The drum is also a traction drum and serves for winding (collecting) the cable. So, for example, in existing prototypes (for example, Reg. No. 5034555/11) (Figure 1), the cable (1) that moves the load (2) is rigidly fixed to the drum (3), which in turn is connected to the drive (4). The whole structure is rigidly mounted on the chassis (5). With the winding of the cable (1) on the drum (3) with an increase in the number of layers, the radius of application of the opposing force increases, respectively, and the opposing moment. As a result of this, when winding each new layer, the winch pull decreases (as a rule, the drives used have a constant torque on the output shaft). The technical characteristics of existing winches, as a rule, indicate the parameters of traction loss depending on the winding layer:

on the 2nd layer - up to 8%, on the 3rd - up to 24%, on the 4th - up to 40% of traction (publicly available information). It should also be noted that with each new winding layer, the linear speed of the cable, and, accordingly, the load, drops.

To compensate for these losses, an increase in drive power and energy consumption is required. Thus, with an increase in the layers of cable winding on the drum, the efficiency of winches and hoisting gears drops significantly.

In order to eliminate these drawbacks, a device is proposed (FIG. 2), consisting of a cable (1), two drums - a traction (3) and a winding drum (6), a device for matching the angular speeds of the traction and winding drum (7) (for example, a raising gear with self-regulating friction element with adjustable slipping moment) and drive (4). The whole structure is rigidly fixed to the chassis (5).

The principle of operation of the proposed design

In the proposed design (Figure 2), the cable (1) is rigidly fixed to the winding drum (6). Previously, N turns are made on the traction drum (3), then the cable (1) goes to the load (2). The number (N) of turns on the traction drum (3) is selected so that the cable does not slide off the drum if a force is applied to one of the ends, while the second should be free. The drive (4) through the shaft (8) is connected to the traction drum (3), and to the winding drum (6) - through the angular velocity matching device (7), which is based on a step-up gear with a self-regulating friction element with an adjustable slip moment. When the drive (4) is operating, both drums are set in motion. The traction drum (3), rotating, wraps the cable (1) on itself, moving the load (2). An equivalent amount of the cable released from the traction drum is wound onto a drum for winding the cable (6). Thus, a constant opposing moment acts on the drive shaft (8) during the movement of the load from the side of the latter. A cable unwound from the traction drum is wound onto the winding drum in layers. To eliminate jamming, as well as sagging of the cable, due to the difference in the angular speeds of the reels (due to the relative change in diameter as the cable is collected on the winding drum), a device for matching the angular speeds of the traction and winding drum (7), which is based on a raising gear, is used with self-regulating frictional element with adjustable slipping moment.

Thus, when the winch is operating, a constant counteracting moment from the load being moved will not act on the drive shaft (8), which does not change from the number of cable being wound onto the traction device, more precisely onto the winding drum, which means the winch (traction device) will not require the entire load path The increase in power and energy consumption and efficiency will be constant.

(Note: we neglect the opposing force from the operation of the device for matching angular velocities, i.e., the sliding friction force of a self-governing friction element with an adjustable slipping moment and the weight of the wound cable, since they slightly affect the efficiency of the entire drive.)

Claims (1)

A winch with a constant pulling force, which does not change depending on the number of cable being wound, and consisting of two reels - one pulling drum to provide a constant pulling force connected through a gearbox with a drive, and the other - a winding drum connected to the drive through a device for matching angular speeds of the traction a drum and a winding drum, including a step-up gearbox and a self-governing friction element with an adjustable slipping moment, while several turns are placed on the traction drum the cable so that the cable does not slide off it, while the first end of the cable is wound on the traction drum and goes to the load, and the second to the winding drum.

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