RU2309578C2 - Brush cutting and stump suppressing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: forestry.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus has two sawing disks with arboricide mixture feeding channels, housing for filling and feeding of said mixture, and arboricide mixture discharge valves positioned in the vicinity of teeth and provided with closing members fixed on springy plates. Lower part of saw disk adjoining to teeth has sharpened dents protruding by value surpassing teeth set. Additional sharpened dents are provided on surface of closing member. Axis of additional sharpened dents is offset relative to axis of closing member by angle corresponding to inclination angle of spring plate which fixes closing member.

EFFECT: increased efficiency in application of arboricide mixture owing to improved penetration of mixture into stump texture and minimized consumption of mixture by reduced dose introduced into stump surface.

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Description

The present invention relates to devices for cutting unwanted tree and shrubbery vegetation along canals, roads, power lines, as well as for clearing the area during cultural work, the expansion of road surfaces, etc.

A device for cutting bushes and small forests and making arboricidal mixture on the surface of stumps formed after cutting using a device for cutting bushes and small forests (RF patent No. 2167514, MKI A01G 23/02, 23/06, 23/08, 05/27/2001 g . - analogue), including: a horizontal knife for cutting vegetation, attached to an inclined bulldozer blade, as well as a bar for felling wood and shrubbery after trimming it with a knife and splitting the canine. In this case, the horizontal knife consists of sections placed on the blade sequentially with an increase in the angle of setting them in plan to the splitting canine, made in the form of spring-loaded knife plates. The latter, in turn, are arranged so that when exposed to cut vegetation, they press on the system of elastic elements, thereby causing the flow of arboricidal-air mixture to the stumps formed after cutting.

The disadvantage of the analogue is that this device is of a passive type, as a result of which it is characterized by a low completeness of cutting, expressed in that the stems, whose diameter is less than 4 cm, this working body does not cut, but bends, and at the same time they act on the arboricidal valves mixtures, thereby spending it in vain. In addition, due to the lack of traction efforts of the bulldozer, large trunks do not cut, but fall, and this can cause a sharp stop of the brush cutter or breakdown of the working body. Also, this brush cutter cannot work on slopes and slopes due to the danger of tipping over.

A well-known working body of a brush cutter (RF patent No. 2251836, MKI A01G 23/02, 05/20/2005 - prototype) containing a double saw blade with channels for supplying arboricidal mixture, a casing with space for filling the mixture and arboricidal exhaust valves installed near the teeth mixtures.

The disadvantage of this working body is that when cutting with a sawing working body, the stump surface is smooth and even, which does not allow the mixture to be effectively absorbed into the stump surface and penetrate into their structure. As a result, most of the mixture is dumped from the smooth surface of the stump and enters the soil, ineffectively affecting the destruction of the root system of tree-shrub vegetation.

An object of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of the impact of the arboricidal mixture on the root system of woody-shrubby vegetation by directly introducing the mixture onto the surface of stumps formed when the vegetation is cut off by a circular saw blade, while giving this surface a rough shape.

The task is achieved by the fact that the working body for cutting bushes and oppressing stumps, which includes two saw blades with channels for feeding arboricidal mixture, a casing with space for filling and feeding the mixture and outlet valves of the arboricidal mixture with locking elements fixed near the teeth are fixed on spring plates, in the process of cutting stumps to create a rough surface, the lower part of the saw blade adjacent to the teeth is equipped with pointed teeth protruding by an amount exceeding the divorce ubev addition, on the surface of the locking element mounted further pointed prongs, wherein the additional axis pointed teeth declined relative to the axis of the locking element at an angle corresponding to the angle of inclination of its spring anchoring plate.

The difference of this working body from the prototype is the presence of pointed teeth on the lower surface of the saw blade and the closing element. This allows you to improve the absorption of arboricidal mixtures in the structure of the stump and, accordingly, increase the efficiency of its use and significantly save its quantity.

Figure 1 presents a diagram of a working body for cutting tree-shrubbery vegetation, equipped with a system for supplying arboricidal mixture to stumps formed after cutting, in figures 2 and 3 - variants of pointed teeth, figure 4 is a functional diagram of the device.

The working body includes two parallel mounted saw blades 1 and 2, fixedly rigidly aligned with each other with the coincidence of notches 3 and 4, symmetrically cut in the body of each of the disks and forming channels for transporting arboricidal mixture. These disks are placed between the upper 5 and lower 6 flanges, tightened together by bolt connections 7, mounted on the drive shaft 8 and tightened with a fixing nut 9. In addition, holes in the upper saw blade 1 are made for the arboricidal mixture to enter the channels for transporting the arboricidal mixture and a casing 13 is also fastened to it through the seal 11 with a bolt connection 12. Between the casing 13 and the flange 5, a space A is formed for filling with the arboricidal mixture.

Near the teeth of the lower saw blade 2, there are outlet openings with mounted exhaust valves consisting of a closing element 14 (which can be made in the form of a ball, ellipsoid, etc.), fixed with a screw 15 on a spring plate 16, which prevents longitudinal and lateral displacement of the closing element 14 relative to the outlet. To supply the arboricidal mixture from the tank and block its entry, the fluid and air lines 17 and 18 connected to it are used. To create roughness on the surface of the stumps on the saw blade 2 next to the teeth and on the lower surface of the locking element 14, pointed teeth 19 are mounted on the threaded connection form (figure 2, figure 3), equipped with grooves 20 for twisting them. In this case, the axis of the teeth 19 mounted on the locking elements 14 is deflected relative to the axis of the locking element 14 by an angle α corresponding to the angle of inclination of the spring plate 16 (Fig. 4), and the teeth mounted on the lower surface of the saw blade 2 protrude by an amount exceeding tooth bite 3 mm or more.

In the process of wear of the teeth, it is possible to adjust their height by lining the shims 21.

The device operates as follows. When supplying the working equipment, the teeth of the saw blades 1 and 2 are incised into the cutting shaft. With further deepening of the saw blades into the cut, the closing element 14 comes into contact with the surface of the stump formed and is pressed into the saw blades 1 and 2, thereby freeing up the duct for arboricidal mixture, which is pushed out of the outlet under the action of centrifugal force. As soon as the locking element 14 comes out of contact with the surface of the stumps, then under the action of the spring plate 16 and the pressure of the arboricidal mixture, it returns to its original position, thereby blocking the duct.

The arboricidal mixture is supplied from the lower part of the tank via line 17 to cavity A, where, due to centrifugal force, it accumulates above hole 10 and enters the transport channels formed by notches 3 and 4.

To prevent overflow of the cavity A at a certain maximum level, an air line 18 is connected to the upper part of the tank and is the connection between the cavity of the tank and the atmosphere.

In the process of cutting vegetation, pointed teeth 19, located next to the teeth of the lower saw blade 2 and exceeding a tooth divorce of at least 3 mm, affect the surface of the stump, giving it a rough shape. Thus, the mixture coming through the valve is introduced into the stump body, better destroying its root system. To prevent smoothing and sealing of the stump surface, the locking element 14 is also equipped with pointed teeth 19, the axis of the teeth being deflected relative to the axis of the locking element by an angle α corresponding to the angle of inclination of the spring plate (Fig. 4).

Removing the teeth 19 for sharpening is carried out by various tools through the grooves 20. As the teeth 19 wear, shims 21 are added.

The applied working body will improve the efficiency of the use of arboricidal mixture due to the good penetration of the mixture into the structure of the stump and significantly save its consumption by reducing the applied dose.

Claims (1)

The working body for cutting bushes and suppressing stumps, which includes two saw blades with channels for feeding the arboricidal mixture, a casing with space for filling and feeding the mixture and exhaust valves of the arboricidal mixture with closing elements mounted on spring plates installed near the teeth, characterized in that the lower part of the saw blade adjacent to the teeth is equipped with pointed teeth protruding by an amount exceeding the tooth bore, in addition, additional surfaces are mounted on the surface of the locking element ADDITIONAL pointed teeth and the pointed teeth additional axis declined relative to the axis of the locking element at an angle corresponding to the angle of inclination of its spring anchoring plate.

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