RU2308570C1 - Fish-protective device of water-intake structure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic structures, particularly fish-protective devices included in water-intake structures.

SUBSTANCE: fish-protective device comprises filter arranged in waterway and made as case filled with filtering members. Filtering members are spaced apart horizontal plates stacked in vertical direction so that gaps are created in-between. Inserted in the gaps are pads. Plates and pads are formed of resilient porous material. Cleaning means adapted to clean filter of rubbish is made as rigid horizontal plate located in upper filter part over plates and connected with drive through rigid drawing bars. Rigid plate and filtering members have ends installed in guiding means. Rigid plate is provided with corrugated perforated screen located in upper part thereof and connected to longitudinal guiding means of toggle connection. End parts of central guiding means included in toggle connection are inserted in vertical guiding means formed from inner sides of rigid driving bars. Filtering member plates are arranged inside case made of vertical rods installed from waterway and water intake sides.

EFFECT: increased operational efficiency.

8 cl, 11 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering, namely to fish protection devices and structures arranged as part of water intake structures.

A fish protection device [1] is known, including a filter located in a watercourse and made in the form of a frame filled with filter elements, while the filter elements are made in the form of balls placed one above the other with the formation of a gap between each other, guides for moving the filter and a drive for moving filter.

The disadvantages of the device are the complexity of its design and low filter washing efficiency.

A fish protection device [2] is known, including a filter located in a watercourse and made in the form of a lattice frame filled with filter elements that can be moved inside the frame, while the filter elements are made porous of elastic material and placed above and below a horizontal plate connected by rigid rods with drive moving filter elements.

The disadvantages of the device are the complexity of its design and low filter washing efficiency.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a fish protection structure [3], which includes a filter located in the watercourse and made in the form of a radiator frame filled with filter elements, while the filter elements are made in the form of plates placed in a horizontal plane one above the other the formation of a gap between them, gaskets located between the plates, guides made on the ends of the plates, and means for cleaning the filter from debris.

The disadvantages of the device are the complexity of its design and low filter washing efficiency.

The aim of the invention is to increase work efficiency.

The invention consists in the following.

According to claim 1 of the claims. The implementation of the filter plates and gaskets made of elastic porous material allows to increase the filtration area and reduce the filtration rate.

The implementation of the means for cleaning the filter from debris in the form of a horizontal rigid plate located in the upper part of the filter above the plates connected by rigid rods to the drive allows the filter plates to be compressed by means of a drive, while removing them from debris and sediment by means of infiltration.

The installation of a rigid plate and filter elements with their end parts in the side guides allow you to effectively move them vertically (up or down), without distortions and in a horizontal position.

The implementation of a rigid plate in its upper part, equipped with a perforated screen, made corrugated and attached to the longitudinal guides of the lever-articulated joint, allows the filter screen to be formed in the water intake window during the washing process. When the rigid plate is moved down, the corrugated screen, which until then was in the folded state, gradually opens and closes the living section of the water intake window, protecting the young fish from getting into the water intake.

Placing the end parts of the central guides of the articulated joint in the grooves of the vertical guides made on the inside of the rigid rods of the drive allows you to effectively fold / unfold the perforated plates of the corrugated screen.

The placement of porous plates inside the frame, made of vertical rods mounted on the side of the watercourse and water intake, allows for a stable position of the filter and its constituent elements.

According to claim 2 of the claims. It is possible that the perforation holes of the corrugated perforated screen are round in shape, which is an option for their execution.

According to claim 3 of the claims. It is possible that the perforation holes of the corrugated perforated screen are rectangular in shape, which is also an option for their execution.

According to claim 4 of the claims. It is possible that the perforation holes of the corrugated perforated screen are staggered, which improves the uniformity of the filtration rate.

According to claims 5 and 6 of the claims. A variant is possible when the perforation holes on the larger side are parallel or perpendicular to the filter plane, which are modifications of the corrugated perforated screen.

According to claim 7 of the claims. It is possible that the gaskets located between the plates are V-shaped in plan view, while adjacent gaskets form filter channels and do not form a gap in the light, which allows filtering in the gaps between the plates made of elastic porous material. At the same time, a continuous screen without gaps is formed for the young fish.

According to claim 8 of the claims. It is possible that the gaskets located between the plates are horseshoe-shaped in plan, while adjacent gaskets form filter channels and do not form a gap in the light, which allows filtering in the gaps between the plates made of elastic porous material. At the same time, a continuous screen without gaps is formed for the young fish.

The solution to this problem is achieved by creating a new design of a fish protection device for the water intake structure. Graphic material illustrating the invention is presented in the following figures:

figure 1 is a filter, a view from the inlet channel;

figure 2 is the same plan;

figure 3 is a filter, a view from the side of the feed channel, the operation of its cleaning from debris and sediment;

figure 4 - section aa in figure 1;

5 is a section bB in figure 3;

6 is a fragment of a plate of a corrugated perforated screen, a connection node with a guide;

Fig.7 is the same, the perforation holes are staggered;

Fig. 8 is a fragment of a plate of a corrugated perforated screen, a connection node with a guide, perforation holes are made rectangular;

Fig.9 is the same, the perforation holes on the larger side are parallel to the filter plane;

figure 10 - gaskets located between the plates, made V-shaped in plan;

11 - gaskets located between the plates, made horseshoe-shaped in plan.

The fish protection device of the water intake structure includes a filter 1 located in the watercourse 2 and made in the form of a radiator frame filled with filter elements 3, while the filter elements 3 are made in the form of plates placed in a horizontal plane one above the other with the formation of a gap between them, gaskets 4 located between the plates, the guides 5, made on the end sides of the plates, and means for cleaning the filter 1 from debris.

The plates and gaskets 4 are made of elastic porous material, and the means for cleaning the filter from debris is made in the form of a horizontal rigid plate 6 located in the upper part of the filter 1 above the plates connected by rigid rods 7 with a drive (not shown), while the rigid plate 6 and filter elements 3 with their end parts are installed in guides 8, and the rigid plate 6 in its upper part is equipped with a perforated screen 9 made corrugated and attached to the longitudinal guides 10 of the lever-hinges connection 11, while the end parts of the Central rails 10 of the lever-articulation are located in the vertical rails 12 made on the inside of the rigid rods 7 of the drive, and the plate of the filter elements 3 are placed inside the frame made of vertical rods 13 installed from the side of the watercourse 2 and water intake 14.

In addition, the perforation holes 14 of the corrugated perforated screen 9 can be made round.

However, the perforation holes 15 of the corrugated perforated screen 9 can be made rectangular.

In addition, the perforation holes 15 of the corrugated perforated screen 9 can be staggered.

In addition, the perforation holes 15 on the larger side can be parallel to the filter plane.

However, the perforation holes 15 on the larger side can be located perpendicular to the filter plane.

In addition, the gaskets 4 located between the plates can be made V-shaped in plan, while the adjacent gaskets 4 form filter channels 16 and do not form a gap between themselves in the light.

However, the gaskets 4 located between the plates can be made horseshoe-shaped in plan, while the adjacent gaskets 4 form filter channels 16 and do not form a gap between themselves in the light.

Fish protection device of the intake works as follows.

The water flow entering stream 2 is filtered through filter 1, cleaned of floating debris, young fish and enters water intake 14. As filter 1 operates, its working surface and filter elements 3 become clogged with floating debris, leaves, algae and sediment. In this case, the filter throughput 1 decreases, the pressure on its working surface increases and, accordingly, the average values of the filtration rate increase, which negatively affects the protection efficiency of juvenile fish and reduces the reliability of the structure. To flush the filter 1, an actuator (not shown) is activated, which acts on the rigid rods 7 and drives the rigid plate 6. As the rigid plate 6 moves down, it compresses the plates of the filter elements 3 and gaskets 4 (Fig. 5). Since the plates of the filtering elements 3 and gaskets 4 are made of elastic porous material, their volume decreases, and due to infiltration, debris and sediment are washed out into the surrounding water filter 1, while the filter 1 and its filtering elements 3 are self-cleaning. Simultaneously with this process, a temporary filter is formed above the plane of the rigid plate 6, consisting of a corrugated perforated screen 9, through the perforation holes 15 of which the water flow enters the intake 14.

After washing the filter 1, the rigid rods 7 raise the rigid plate 6 to its original position (figure 4). At the same time, the corrugated perforated screen 9 is folded, which is facilitated by lever-hinge joints 11 and longitudinal guides 10, which can be moved in vertical guides 12 made in the inner sides of the rigid rods 7.

A variant is possible when the perforation holes 15 of the corrugated perforated screen 9 are made of a round shape (Fig.6, 7), which is an option for their execution.

It is possible that the perforation holes 15 of the corrugated perforated screen 9 are made in a rectangular shape (Figs. 8, 9), which is also an embodiment of them.

It is possible that the perforation holes 15 of the corrugated perforated screen 9 are staggered (Fig. 7), which improves the uniformity of the filtration rate.

It is possible that the perforation holes 15 are located on the larger side in parallel (Fig. 9) or perpendicularly (Fig. 8) to the filter plane, which is a modification of the corrugated perforated screen 9.

It is possible that the gaskets 4 located between the plates of the filter elements 3 are V-shaped in plan view (Fig. 10), while the adjacent gaskets 4 form filter channels 16 and do not form a gap in the light, which allows filtering in the gaps between plates made of elastic porous material. At the same time, a continuous screen without gaps is formed for the young fish.

It is possible that the gaskets 4 located between the plates of the filter elements 3 are horseshoe-shaped in plan view (Fig. 11), while the adjacent gaskets 4 form filter channels 16 and do not form a gap in the light, which allows filtering in the gaps between the plates made of elastic porous material. At the same time, a continuous screen without gaps is formed for the young fish.

The proposed design of the fish protection device of the intake structure allows you to control the cleaning of the filter with the simultaneous sampling of specific filtration costs taken into the intake.

Information sources

1. A.S. USSR (SU) No. 1712531. "Fish protection device." Publ. B.I. No. 6, 1992.02.15. Author: Shkura V.N., Mikheev P.A., Gulyansky A.Sh., Anikin B.C., Azoyan V.Z.

2. A.S. USSR (SU) No. 1693185. "Fish protection device at the water intake." Publ. B.I. No. 43, 1991.23.11. Authors: Cherkasov V.A., Chistyakov A.A., Fomenko V.A., Parulava II, Shkura V.N.

3. A.S. USSR (SU) No. 1576644. "Fish protection device." Publ. B.I. No. 25, 1990.07.07. Authors: Yudin V.K., Sturane R.Ya.

Claims (8)

1. Fish protection device of the intake structure, including a filter located in the watercourse and made in the form of a radiator frame filled with filter elements, while the filter elements are made in the form of plates placed in a horizontal plane one above the other with the formation of a gap between them, gaskets located between the plates, guides made on the end sides of the plates, and means for cleaning the filter from debris, characterized in that the plates and gaskets are made of elastic porous material, and the tool for cleaning the filter from debris is made in the form of a horizontal rigid plate located in the upper part of the filter above the plates, connected by rigid rods with a drive, while the rigid plate and filter elements with their end parts are installed in the guides, with the rigid plate in the upper its part is equipped with a perforated screen made corrugated and attached to the longitudinal guides of the lever-articulation connection, while the end parts of the central guide levers -sharnirnogo connections are located in vertical guides formed on the inner side of rigid actuator rods, plates and the filter elements are arranged inside the frame formed of vertical rods installed by the watercourse and water intake. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the perforation holes of the corrugated perforated screen are round. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the perforation holes of the corrugated perforated screen are rectangular. 4. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the perforation holes of the corrugated perforated screen are staggered. 5. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the perforation holes on the larger side are parallel to the filter plane. 6. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the perforation holes on the larger side are perpendicular to the filter plane. 7. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the gaskets located between the plates are V-shaped in plan view, while adjacent gaskets form filter channels and do not form a gap between themselves in the light. 8. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the gaskets located between the plates are horseshoe-shaped in plan, while adjacent gaskets form filter channels and do not form a gap between themselves in the light.

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