RU2308223C2 - Device for diagnosing thyroid gland function disorder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: device has electronic stop-watch. Remote switch-off unit is connected to control input of the stop-watch in parallel to its remote switch-on unit. The electronic stop-watch remote switch-on unit is placed on hamstring and the remote switch-off unit is set in the talocrural joint area.

EFFECT: simplified design; high accuracy of examination results.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to devices for diagnosing disorders of the thyroid gland using reflexometry methods.

There are various devices used in the diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction, based on hormonal analysis, as well as biochemical, radioisotope, radioimmunological and ultrasound studies (Slavinov V.N. Radioisotope and radioimmunological studies of the function of the endocrine glands. - Kiev, Health, 1978, - 205 from.).

The basis of the action of these devices is hormonal analysis, which is the most reliable of the currently known diagnostic methods. However, due to the invasiveness of the method and the relatively high cost of tests, the use of these devices for mass screening of the population seems unrealistic.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed object is a device for diagnosing disorders of the thyroid gland, containing a magnetic plate attached to the heel of the subject using adhesive tape, located at the level of the magnetic plate of the sensor-solenoid, the findings of which are connected to the input of the signal amplifier, the output of which in turn, connected to the input of the plotter, and a neurological hammer for influencing the Achilles tendon (Device for determining the functional state of the thyroid glands "Achilles-001. The operation manual. - Omsk, 1990. S.-8.); Abazova Z.Kh., Baysiev A.Kh., Zakhokhov P.M., Kumykov V.K., Shortanova T.Kh., Efendieva M.K. Diagnosis of thyroid disorders using a device with a piezoelectric sensor // Bulletin of new medical technologies. - 2004. - No. 3. - S.97-100. PROTOTYPE).

In the known device, the cardiograph is designed to record the reflex time, and the magnetic plate together with the sensor-solenoid and signal amplifier is a device for remotely turning the cardiograph into operation mode. Similar devices are described in the work: "Gracer AE, Block LP. Measurement of the time of the Achilles reflex. In the book. Clinical Medicine, vol. 47, No. 3, 1969, pp. 72-73."

When measuring the time of the Achilles reflex, the subject is kneeling on a chair, fixing his hands on his back. A rectangular magnetic plate, one of the surfaces of which is covered with adhesive tape, is attached to the heel of the subject. The solenoid sensor, freely mounted on the rack, is installed at the level of the movable magnet. The distance between the magnet and the solenoid sensor is a few centimeters.

After preparing the patient for examination, the electrocardiograph is turned on. Then the doctor strikes with a neurological hammer on the Achilles tendon, which leads to a reduction in the calf muscle. At the same time, the foot of the foot trembles, and the magnetic plate fixed on the heel comes into motion and causes a change in magnetic flux in the space around the solenoid sensor. This leads to the emergence of EMF induction, which, entering the electrocardiograph, is amplified and causes a deviation of the pen of the recorder. The signal recorded on a moving tape is a reflexogram. By measuring the length of the horizontal projection of the reflexogram and knowing the speed of the tape of the electrocardiograph, the duration of the reflex is easily calculated, according to which the degree of thyroid dysfunction is diagnosed.

A disadvantage of the known device is the complexity of the design, including such components as a cardiograph, amplifier, solenoid, magnetic plate, etc. In addition, the device has a significant weight and does not provide high measurement accuracy. The latter is due to the fact that during the forceful action of the hammer on the Achilles tendon, a mechanical jerking of the foot occurs, which is superimposed on the displacement of the foot due to the reflex.

The technical result expected from the use of the claimed device is to simplify the design and increase the accuracy of measuring the time of reflex in the diagnosis of disorders of the thyroid gland.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known device for diagnosing disorders of the thyroid gland, containing a reflex time recorder, to the control input of which a device for remotely turning it on, and a neurological hammer for affecting the tendon, an electronic stopwatch is used as a reflex time recorder, to the control the input of which is connected in addition to the remote switching device and its remote shutdown device, while the remote switching electronic stopwatch placed on the hamstrings, and the remote disable it placed mainly in the joints of the foot and lower leg.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the remote switching device comprises an elastic non-conductive housing, inside of which are placed two electrical contacts separated by an elastic annular partition, closing the start-up circuit when exposed to a neurological hammer, and the remote-disconnecting device is made in the form of an inertial electric contactor stopping chains of a stopwatch that works when the foot starts to jerk.

The device weighs no more than 100 grams and provides the ability to diagnose the state of the thyroid gland online. In this case, the duration of the reflex is determined with an accuracy of hundredths of a second.

Figure 1 presents a schematic diagram of a device for the diagnosis of disorders of the thyroid gland; figure 2 is a diagram of a device for remote start of the stopwatch; figure 3 - layout of the remote start device and the remote shutdown device stopwatch on the leg of the subject.

A device for diagnosing disorders of the thyroid gland (figure 1) includes an electronic stopwatch 1, which allows time measurements with an accuracy of 0.01 seconds. The electronic stopwatch 1 has input terminals 2 and 3 for remotely turning it on and off. To the terminals 2 and 3 using the connecting wires 6 and 7, as well as 8 and 9, a remote stop device 4 and a remote stop device 5 are connected.

The remote shutdown device 5 (Fig. 1) is a standard limit switch, to the contacts of which are attached wires 8 and 9 from the electronic stopwatch 1. This device contains a lever 10, which rests on its base on the button of the contactor 11. A movable weight 12 is fixed to the lever 10, allowing you to adjust the force acting on the button of the contactor 11. Under the weight 12 to the body of the standard switch 5 is attached a magnetic lock 13 in the form of a thin plate, which allows you to hold the lever 10 in the lowest position and the actuation device. Magnetic lock 13 eliminates the possibility of spontaneous opening and closing of the electrical circuit during the reflex movement of the leg.

The device for remote start of the stopwatch 4 (Fig. 2) contains two steel plate contacts 14, which are enclosed in an elastic rubber case 15, consisting of two oval halves 16 and 17 fastened together. The plate contacts 14 are separated by an elastic rubber partition 18 with an opening 19 in the center. The elastic rubber partition 18 fixes the plate contacts 14 in the open state.

A device for the diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction is as follows.

Previously, the device for remote start of the stopwatch 4 is installed on the hamstring, and the device for its remote shutdown 5 is mounted at the base of the lower leg in the interface with the foot, as shown in Fig.3.

During the measurements, the test subject sits freely in the chair, resting his leg with the devices installed on it on the other free leg, as shown in Fig. 3. After that, a neurological hammer (not shown) is easily struck on the elastic rubber casing of the remote control device 4, placed on the hamstring, which leads to the closure of the electrical contacts 14 located inside it (figure 2) and the stopwatch 1 is turned on. When the hammer hits the hamstring a knee-jerk reaction occurs, causing a sharp upward movement of the foot, at which the stopwatch 5 remote shutdown device is triggered. In this case, the lever 10 (Fig. 1) presses the button of the contactor 11 due to inert weight 12 and closes the electric control circuit stopwatch 1. In this case, the electronic stopwatch 1 is activated and records the reflex time of the quadriceps femoris with an accuracy of hundredths of a second.

In the diagnosis of thyroid dysfunctions, the result is compared with threshold levels of reflex time, delimiting the normal state of the thyroid gland from deviations. Moreover, if the measured time goes beyond the established threshold level, then this indicates a violation of the functions of the thyroid gland.

The proposed device for the diagnosis of thyroid dysfunctions, unlike the known ones, weighs no more than 100 grams, has small dimensions and provides a sufficiently high accuracy of measuring the reflex time.

The developed device was tested at the Department of Physics of the Medical Faculty of Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after Berbekov and is recommended for use in mass screenings of the population in zones endemic for iodine.

Claims (2)

1. A device for diagnosing thyroid dysfunctions, comprising a reflex time recorder, to the control input of which a remote switching device is connected, and a hammer for affecting the tendon, characterized in that an electronic stopwatch is used as a reflex time recorder, to the control input of which is parallel the remote switching device is additionally connected and a device for its remote turning off, while the remote switching device is electronically second stopwatch placed on the hamstrings, and the device is its remote shutdown placed mainly in the joints of the foot and lower leg. 2. A device for diagnosing thyroid dysfunctions according to claim 1, characterized in that the remote switching device comprises an elastic current-conducting housing, inside of which are two electrical contacts separated by an elastic annular partition, closing the start-up circuit when exposed to a hammer, and The remote shutdown device is made in the form of an inertial contactor for the stopwatch stopping electric circuit that triggers when the foot starts.

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