RU2306231C2 - Crane operator's cabin ventilating device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention is designed for delivering outside air into crane operator's cabin. Proposed device includes air processing chamber, namely air cleaning, heating, moistening, etc, and duct made in from of flexible hose connected with cabin. Rings are rigidly fitted in horizontal part of air duct inside which cable is laud fastened to wall of building for free movement of rings.

EFFECT: provision of ease of mounting.

4 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to heating and ventilation of industrial buildings and is intended for supplying fresh (outdoor) air to the crane cabs to create the required working conditions (sanitary standards) in the cabs of crane operators [1]. This device can be used in foundries, thermal, press-forging, rolling and other shops, where the air in the upper zone of the room has a high temperature and is contaminated with various harmful substances.

A ventilation device is known for supplying fresh air to a moving cockpit of a crane [2], which includes a fixed duct with a longitudinal slit covered by elastic bands, a movable nozzle and spring-loaded sealing elements located along the entire length of the fixed duct.

The known device is difficult to manufacture, the installation of such a device is extremely complicated and this device does not provide the necessary sealing, because of this there are large leaks of supply air.

There is another device for supplying air to a moving cabin [3], which includes a fixed metal duct with a longitudinal slot overlapped by a flexible tape, and contains an air distributor. However, this device is difficult to manufacture, install and operate and does not have a sufficiently high tightness. The cost of such a device is high.

Known for the closest set of features to the proposed device for ventilation of the crane operator [4], which is taken as a prototype. In this device for air supply, a rubber-fabric sleeve-hose is used, which at one end is attached to a two-cranked receiving pipe for successively laying or removing the hose from the roller bearings. The other end of the hose is attached to the fitting of the hollow shaft of the hose drum, which is kinematically connected to the drum by means of a gearbox; a cable is wound around the drum, thrown over a block that is mounted on a beam. One end of the cable is fixed to the cargo drum, the load is attached to the other. In addition, the device has an electric motor, a coupling, a fixed coupling with stuffing boxes, and other parts and equipment. Therefore, the known device is difficult to manufacture and expensive.

The objective of the invention is to reduce the cost of the device, reduce operating costs, simplify installation and develop such a design solution in which there will be no devices that lead to leaks of supply air.

This goal is achieved in that the device for ventilation of the crane operator’s cabin, including an air duct made in the form of a flexible sleeve connected to the cabin and an air supply source, differs from the prototype in that rings are attached to the horizontal part of the aforementioned air duct, inside of which there is a cable attached to the wall of the building for free movement of the rings.

The implementation of the duct in the form of a flexible sleeve connected to the cabin and the air supply source, reduces capital and operating costs by reducing the number of pieces of equipment and ensures uninterrupted supply of external (supply) air to the cabin at any time, that is, regardless of where the crane stops . At the same time, the flow rate of the supplied air into the cabin is strictly constant and does not depend on whether the crane moves or not. The implementation of the source of external air, made in the form of a supply chamber with a fan, which serves to supply external air, provides the supply and preparation of air with the calculated parameters.

The installation of a heater, humidifier and air cooler in the cab of the crane operator, as well as a filter for cleaning it, saves heat or cold and supplies air to the cab with the calculated parameters.

The implementation of the air supply source in the form of a supply chamber, and instead of using a fan, use an enterprise air supply system, for example, a compressor station, can reduce capital and operating costs.

Placing the supply chamber without a fan in the crane operator’s cabin, and using the air supply system of the enterprise as a source of air supply to the supply chamber can reduce capital and operating costs due to the absence of a fan and the absence of heat exchange between the duct made in the form of a flexible hose through which the supply air is supplied, and the environment.

Figure 1-5 presents the drawings of the proposed device.

The device (see Fig. 1) includes an air intake unit 1, an inlet chamber 2 used to prepare air with design parameters, that is, in the inlet chamber the air can be cleaned of dust, heated to a predetermined temperature, moistened, etc. The fan 3 is used to supply external air through the duct 4, made of a flexible sleeve, into the cockpit 5 of the crane operator. The air inlet into the cabin is through the hole 6 (see Fig.1 and 3). The horizontal part of the duct 4 is attached to the cable 7, laid at a certain distance from the wall of the building (see figure 3); the cable 7 is attached to the wall of the building at points 8 and 9; the length of the cable should be slightly greater than the length of movement of the crane. Rings 10 are put on the cable 7 with the possibility of their free movement along the cable 7. The horizontal part of the duct 4, which is made in the form of a flexible sleeve, is rigidly attached to the rings 10 with the help of clamps 11. Figure 1, the location of the elements of the proposed device is shown for the case when the crane operator's cab is in the extreme position located on the left.

Installation works as follows.

When the fan 3 is turned on, the outside air passes through the intake unit 1 and in the supply chamber 2, air is prepared with the calculated parameters depending on the season and the required supply air parameters: the supply air can be heated to a predetermined temperature, cleaned of dust, moistened, etc. Then the air by the fan 3 through the duct 4 is fed into the cabin of the crane operator 5 through the hole 6 (see figure 1 and figure 3). If the crane operator’s cabin begins to move, for example, to the right (see figure 2), then, given that the duct 4 is rigidly connected to the hole 6, the rings 10 along the cable 7 are shifted to the right, and the sections of the duct 4 located between the rings 10 begin to sag and in the extreme position (right, see figure 2) take a U-shaped position (since the duct 4 with the help of clamps 11 is rigidly attached to the rings 10). In whatever place the crane stops along with the crane operator’s cabin, the supply of external air to the cabin will not be disturbed; while the length of the duct 4 will remain the same, and the spatial position of the duct 4 will change: almost from a horizontal position (see figure 1) to a U-shaped (see figure 2).

In some cases, the supply air coming from the supply chamber 2 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) to the cabin 5 can lower its temperature or, conversely, heat up due to heat exchange with the environment. This can be if the room temperature is higher or lower than the temperature of the air supplied through the duct. Therefore, in this case, it will be advisable to prepare the air with the calculated parameters in the device 12 (see Fig. 3), which is located in the crane operator’s cabin 5. In the device 12, a heater is installed to heat the air, a filter to clean the air from dust, an air humidifier, etc. Equipment depending on the parameters of the outdoor air and the required design parameters of the supply air. In this case, the supply chamber 2 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) is not installed, but the air intake unit 1 and the fan 3 are installed.

Installation works as follows. When the fan 3 is turned on, outside air passes through the intake unit 1 and is supplied through the air duct 4 to the device 12, in which air is prepared with the calculated parameters (see Fig. 3) and is supplied through the hole 6 to the cab. In the device 12 is carried out heating, cleaning, moisturizing, etc. air. With this design, savings in heat or cold are achieved.

Figure 4 presents another variant of the proposed device. It is advisable to use this option if the enterprise has a central air supply system, for example, from a compressor station and if the air supplied from the compressor station meets sanitary and hygienic requirements.

On the installation (see figure 4) shows the pipe 13 for supplying air from the air supply system; valve 14 serves to shut off the air supply, pressure regulator 15 - to reduce the air pressure to the calculated one. For the preparation of air with the calculated parameters, an inlet chamber (without fan) 16 is used. In the chamber 16, heating, humidification, air purification, etc. are carried out. For these purposes, a heater, a humidification chamber for humidifying the air, a filter, etc., are installed in the chamber 16.

Installation works as follows. The air from the air supply system through the pipe 13 passes the valve 14, in the pressure regulator, the pressure decreases to the calculated one and the air is supplied to the chamber 16, where the air is heated, moistened, cleaned of dust, etc., that is, it acquires the calculated parameters through the duct 4 fed into the cab 5.

Figure 5 shows a variant of the device for supplying air to the cabin when the supply chamber without a fan is located in the cabin, and the air supply system of the enterprise serves as a source of air supply to the supply chamber. The installation includes a pipe 13 for supplying air from the air supply system, the valve 14 is used to turn off the air supply; the duct 4, made in the form of a flexible sleeve, serves to supply air to the supply chamber 17 without a fan installed in the crane operator's cabin; in the supply chamber, the air pressure decreases to the calculated one and air is prepared with the calculated parameters. The air duct 18 serves to supply air to the cabin 5 through the opening 6. In the supply chamber 17, a pressure regulator for reducing pressure, a heater for heating the air, a humidification chamber for humidifying the air, a filter for cleaning dust from the air, are placed

The proposed device (see figure 5) works as follows. Air from the central air supply system (usually a pressure of 0.2-0.6 MPa) is supplied through a pipe 13, on which a valve 14 is installed; from the pipe 13, the air enters the duct 4, then the air enters the chamber 17, in which the air pressure drops to a predetermined (about 2000 Pa) and the air is prepared with the calculated parameters (that is, the air is cleaned of dust, heated, moistened, cooled and etc.) and through the duct 18 is fed into the cabin 5 through the hole 6. In the future, the principle of operation of the installation for supplying air to the crane operator’s cabin is similar to that previously considered (see FIGS. 1 and 2). Based on the foregoing, we can conclude that the proposed device for supplying outdoor air to a moving crane operator’s cabin has a low cost, easy to install, durable, virtually no air leakage, more economical and provides high sanitary and hygienic indicators.

Information sources

1. SNiP 41-01-2003. Heating, ventilation and air conditioning. Gosstroy of Russia. Moscow, 2004 .-- 55 p., Cl. 7.1.5.

2. Copyright certificate of the USSR No. 530148, M. Kl. F24F 7/06.

3. Copyright certificate of the USSR No. 299710, M. Kl. F24F 13/06.

4. Copyright certificate of the USSR No. 344230, M. Kl. F24F 7/04.

Claims (4)

1. A device for ventilating a crane operator’s cabin, including an air duct made in the form of a flexible sleeve connected to the cabin, characterized in that rings are rigidly attached to the horizontal part of the aforementioned air duct, inside of which there is a cable attached to the building wall to freely move the rings. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a supply chamber with a fan for supplying external air. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a fan, which serves to supply outdoor air. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the air supply system of the enterprise, for example a compressor station, is used to supply external air.

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