RU2304778C2 - Preparation for quick-test diagnostics of urinary calculosis in cats and method for its obtaining - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary science.

SUBSTANCE: the suggested preparation is in the form of indicator granules that contain the following components, g: alizarin 0.45; bromphenol red 0.40; potato starch 180; finely divided chalk 100; millet grains 550; starch paste 50. The preparation mentioned should be prepared according to the following technique: it is necessary to mix in a mortar finely divided alizarin, bromphenol red, chalk and potato starch to obtain indicator mixture, then one should add millet grains into pelleting boiler to moisturize it with starch paste and roll indicator mixture by layers up to granules' size being about 3-5 mm, then obtained granules should be air-dried. The innovation enables to detect the presence of the disease in a pet in domestic conditions without consulting specialists in a clinic, moreover, the color of indicator granules remains for 5-8 h that excludes the necessity for constant survey.

EFFECT: higher accuracy of diagnostics.

2 cl, 1 dwg, 2 tbl

Description

Urolithiasis in cats has been described for a long time, but the number of sick animals not only does not decrease, but also increases. The main etiological cause of urolithiasis is mechanical factors, in particular the formation of crystals and conglomerates that impede the normal passage of urine through the urinary canals (Some new aspects of the diagnosis and treatment of urolithiasis. Chuvaev IV, Kosilova NN, Golub Ya.V. , Valeeva S.V. BNPTs "CHIN").

Table 1
The frequency of occurrence of various types of crystals in the urine of cats suffering from urolithiasis (n = 86); (%). Tripelphosphates Krist. uric acid Urata Oxalates Sa Phosphates Ca 75 13 7 3 2 pH 7.57 + 0.4 pH - 6.6 + 0.4 pH - 6.06 + 0.08 pH - 8.0 + 0.2 pH - 6.0 + 0.1

As shown in the table, in the overwhelming majority of cases (75%) of cat kidney stone disease, tripelphosphates are found, this fact is also confirmed by a number of other researchers (Markell J. R., Buffmgton CT, Feline lower urinary tract disease. // The Waltham Book of Clinical nutrition of the Dog and Cat. 1994. p. 293-311). It is noteworthy in our opinion that the presence of tripelphosphates was usually associated with a slightly alkaline or alkaline reaction of urine (pH from 7 to 9) with average values of 7.57 ± 0.4. The presence of Ca oxalates was also always associated with the alkaline reaction of urine (pH 8.0 ± 0.2), while the presence of crystals of uric acid, urates and Ca phosphates was accompanied by an acid reaction of urine.

At the present stage of development of veterinary medicine, the urgent issue of identifying urolithiasis in domestic cats in an outpatient setting using express methods. If various symptoms suggest the appearance of urolithiasis, then various methods for determining the state of the genitourinary system are used for diagnosis. In particular, they use X-ray examination of the kidneys, ureters and bladder, as well as a simple ultrasound examination. A urine test for calcium, phosphorus and uric acid is also used. The urine of clinically healthy animals has an acid reaction (pH 5-6), protein is absent or occurs in trace amounts and the specific gravity of urine does not exceed 1.02 [Medical Encyclopedia, M .: KRON-PRESS, 2000, p. 373]. These methods can only be used in a veterinary clinic, since they require significant energy costs (X-ray unit and ultrasound) or the expense of expensive reagents.

For pet cat owners, this issue is also relevant, since reimbursement of clinic costs for conducting comprehensive studies of the health status of a pet rests with the owner of the animal. Therefore, it was important to create a tool for rapid diagnosis of urolithiasis in cats at home. This problem was solved by selecting a set of indicators that, with a high degree of probability, could show the presence (occurrence) of a disease state in an animal. It is a known fact for a specialist that under normal conditions of an animal’s health, the urine pH is in the range of 5-6 (slightly acidic environment), and in the event of an urolithiasis in an animal, the urine pH “shifts” to the alkaline region of 7.5-9.2 (the latter value with very severe kidney damage).

As the closest analogue, the technical solution presented in US 6376252 A published on 04/23/2002 can be used. This document creates an indicator system for determining the presence of blood in the urine of cats, which may indicate a late stage of development of urolithiasis in cats, since urinary stone damages the tissues of the kidney and urinary tract using expensive reagents. The document describes a system containing a matrix including a benzidine derivative, cumene hydroperoxide or diisopropylbenzene hydroperoxide, and a pH 6.0 buffer and a sodium lauryl sulfate surfactant are used in the system. Such a system is expensive and time consuming to obtain. The claimed invention differs from the prototype in that it uses readily available components, a fairly simple way to create indicator granules, and also that indicator granules can detect a disease (urolithiasis) in the initial stages when the disease does not yet manifest itself. Therefore, the technical result of this invention is the creation of an inexpensive tool that can be used at home, while the tool should be low toxic and allow a high degree of diagnosis of the onset of the disease in a pet.

To achieve the indicated technical result, indicators were selected that have a characteristic color transition in the indicated pH range (8.5-10.2). In this case, it was necessary to take into account that the color transition was as contrasting as possible. The following indicators were selected for inclusion in the set of indicators:

table 2 Indicator Coloring Interval Indicator color in an acidic environment Indicator color in alkaline environment Indicators that change color in an acidic environment Chlorophenol red 5.0 → 6.6 yellow red Alizarin 5.0 → 6.8 yellow Violet Bromocresol Purple 5.2 → 6.8 yellow purple Propyl red 4.6 → 6.6 red yellow Indicators that change color in a neutral and alkaline environment Bromphenol red 6.8 → 8.0 yellow red Quinoline Blue 7.0 → 8.4 colorless blue Cresol red 7.2 → 8.8 amber yellow purplish red Naftolphthalein 7.4 → 8.6 yellow pink blue green Metho-cresol purple 7.4 → 9.0 yellow magenta

The most optimal indicators in the acidic and alkaline regions were Alizarin (acidic region) and Bromphenol red (alkaline region). As the optimal carrier, which is pH neutral and indifferent in its chemical properties, starch, a branched polysaccharide, was chosen.

To prepare the indicator mixture, the following amounts of indicators were used (as giving a fairly intense color, clearly distinguishable from the medium for cat litter): Alizarin 0.45 g, Bromphenol red 0.40 g. Both indicators were rubbed in a porcelain mortar, 60 g of starch was added. potato. The resulting mixture was introduced into a finely ground mixture of potato starch and finely divided chalk (120 g of starch and 100 g of chalk). Chalk was used in order to provide the best application to the granules of the final finished indicator mixture. Millet was moistened with 50 g of starch paste, which was prepared from 5 g of starch and 45 g of boiling water. The resulting indicator mixture is subjected to panning to give a certain shape and presentation. To do this, millet is placed in the boiler of the pellet mill, the millet is moistened with starch paste and the indicator mixture is poured into layers to a granule size of 3-5 mm, the obtained granules are dried in air.

The drawing shows two samples: I color indicator granules when exposed to urine analysis of a sick animal; II color of granules when exposed to a healthy animal urine test.

When applying the test granules (hereinafter referred to as the Sample) for analysis of the urine of a sick animal, the color of the sample from dark brick changes to bright lilac (which indicates that the pH of the urine is strongly shifted to the alkaline region and renal damage is present), this color remains for 5 -8 ocloc'k. When a healthy animal is applied to a urine sample, the color of the sample does not change. Thus, with the help of this tool it is possible to diagnose a disease in a pet in the early stages of the disease.

Below are the results of the use of the proposed drug at home by volunteers.

1. Cat Barsik, age - 3.5 years, the owner examined several times: 1 - the color of the granules - red-violet, i.e. the initial stage of development of urolithiasis. The owner took measures to prevent the disease in his pet and carried out treatment. After the course of treatment, the pet owner checked the proposed diagnostic system again and 2 - the color of the granules became brick-red, which testified to the normal state of health of the pet.

2. Cat Murzik, age 10.5 years, when checking with the help of the proposed tool, the color of the granules showed brick red, which indicates the normal condition of the pet.

3. Cat Kuzya, age 1.5 years, when checking with the help of the proposed tool, the color of the granules showed brick red, which indicates the normal condition of the pet.

4. Charlie's cat, age 6.5 years (neutered), when checking with the help of the claimed tool, the color of the granules showed brick red, which indicates the normal condition of the pet.

This invention was created with the support of the Department of Processes and Apparatuses of Chemical Technology, Moscow Institute of Chemical Technology named after Lomonosov.

Claims (2)

1. A tool for rapid diagnosis of urolithiasis in cats, which is an indicator granules containing the following components, g: Alizarin 0.45 Bromphenol red 0.40 Potato starch 180 Fine Chalk one hundred Millet 550 Starch paste fifty 2. The method of obtaining funds according to claim 1, which consists in the following: finely dispersed alizarin, bromphenol red, chalk and potato starch are mixed in a mortar to obtain an indicator mixture, then millet is placed in the boiler of the pellet mill, the millet is moistened with starch paste and the indicator mixture is rolled up to the value granules of 3-5 mm, the obtained granules are dried in air.