RU2304161C1 - Hydrogenous coal processing method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: processing of anthracides for obtaining of non-fuel type utilization products such as bitumen, mineral tallow, ballast-free humic preparations, humic acids, and may be used in coal industry and chemical industry.

SUBSTANCE: method involves grinding coal; extracting and solving lignitic materials using aqueous alkaline solution; alternately extracting components, with process of alkaline solving of humic substances being combined with bitumen extraction process. Extraction process is performed by heating of benzene to temperature of up to 90-120 C, followed by separation of fractions and base products.

EFFECT: increased efficiency and simplified method.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of processing of fossil fuels to obtain products of non-fuel use - bitumen, mountain wax, ballastless humic preparations, humic acids - and can be used in the coal and chemical industries.

A known method of processing coal and peat in low boiling solvents at elevated temperatures under pressure in the presence of a catalyst (1, German Patent No. 714909, CL 12 r 3/01, publ. 1935).

However, the need for extraction at elevated pressure complicates the process.

A known method of processing brown coal, which consists in the fact that the source coal is heated in an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide at 200 ° C in an autoclave, the insoluble part of the coal is filtered off. The latter is dried and the solvent is extracted from it mountain wax (2, German patent No. 4333364, class 12 r 3/01, publ. 1924).

These methods are characterized by a multi-stage technological process, when at each stage, when a separate component is extracted from raw materials, heating to 100-200 ° С occurs.

As a prototype we use the method described in German patent No. 4333364, class. 12 r 3/01, publ. 1924.

The objective of the invention is to simplify the process during the processing of brown coal to produce humic substances and bitumen (raw brown coal wax).

The problem is solved by the fact that in the method of processing brown coal, consisting of grinding coal, extraction, dissolving humates using an aqueous solution of alkali, sequential extraction of components, the processes of alkaline dissolution of humic substances and extraction of bitumen are combined, and the extraction is carried out using gasoline when heated up to 90-120 ° С followed by separation of fractions and isolation of target products.

The method of processing coal is as follows.

Brown coal, crushed to 0.05-0.5 mm, is extracted with gasoline (fraction 80-120 ° C) at 90-120 ° C for 2 hours. Then, a hot alkali solution is introduced there and extraction continues at 110-120 ° C for 2 hours. After extraction, the gasoline and water components are separated and the desired products are recovered.

Example. A sample of 10 g of brown coal (degree of grinding 0.05-0.5 mm) of the Sergeevskoye deposit in the Amur Region is placed in a 1 L conical flask, and gasoline (Fr.80-120) with a volume of 100 ml is poured there.

The contents are heated to a temperature of 90-120 ° C. To reduce losses of solvents, a reflux condenser is attached to the flask.

Extraction lasts 2 hours. Then, a hot solution of sodium hydroxide (2 g of alkali in 150 ml of water) is added to the flask and extraction is continued for 2 hours at 110-120 ° C.

After settling, the liquids are separated by a separatory funnel. The gasoline solution of bitumen is washed with hot water to separate the residues of humates and filtered to separate solids.

As a result of solvent distillation, 0.6301 g of bitumen was obtained (99.54% of theoretical (standard determination method) for this type of solvent). The humates remaining after the separation of gasoline are defended.

After decantation and evaporation, the mass of humates is 6.3089 g (134% of theoretical for this coal).

As a result of using the proposed method for processing brown coal, we obtain the following technical results:

- The process technology is simplified as a result of combining processing processes;

- reduced energy costs as a result of the exclusion of processing processes by high pressure and re-heating during extraction;

- cheaper process as a result of using gasoline instead of benzene.

Claims (1)

A method of processing brown coal, consisting of grinding coal, extraction, dissolution of humates using an aqueous alkali solution, sequential extraction of components, characterized in that the processes of alkaline dissolution of humic substances and extraction of bitumen are combined, and the extraction is carried out using gasoline when heated to 90-120 ° C, followed by separation of fractions and the allocation of target products.