RU2302972C2 - Underwater cargo hoisting gear - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: emergency rescue equipment; devices for stropping and raising the sunken objects lying on the bottom.

SUBSTANCE: proposed underwater hoisting gear is made in form of two non-revolving drums located one inside other and having positive buoyancy; inner drum is secured on inner side of one of flanges of outer drum and outer drum is suspended by cargo rope and is secured with anchor by means of breakable locks and swivels. Laid on the outer drum is maneuvering rope whose one end is connected via upper swivel with cargo rope; laid and secured on the inner drum is auxiliary rope whose other end is connected to anchor through lower swivel.

EFFECT: avoidance of loss of anchors.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to rescue equipment, namely, devices for sharpening and lifting sunken objects lying on the ground.

A device is known for delivering a lifting cable to underwater objects, containing a lifting (cargo) cable with light and sonar beacons, an anchor and a connecting cable (see the journal "Naval Equipment", 1970, No. 10, p. 34).

The device has the following disadvantages:

1. Laying the connecting cable does not exclude the possibility of entanglement in the process of lowering under water, as well as when unwinding the connecting cable.

2. The need to lift together with the object and the anchor significantly reduces the lifting capacity of the main cable, as it requires the use of stronger and, therefore, heavier cables than is necessary for lifting the object.

There is another device for delivering a lifting cable to underwater objects (see USSR author's certificate No. 732167, published 05.05.80 in Bulletin No. 17), which we accept as a prototype.

This device is additionally equipped with a view on which a connecting (shunting) cable is wound, a reset mechanism (breaking lock), upper and lower swivels, which eliminated the above disadvantages.

However, this device has other disadvantages:

1. When hauling a freight rope to raise a crooked object to the surface of the view, it will interfere with lifting and re-cropping of the object will be required even with the use of divers, which in difficult sea conditions requires a lot of time and is fraught with the loss of an already lifted object (which was more than once in practice).

2. The anchor remains on the ground, ie lost forever.

The objective of the invention is to increase the reliability of the device when delivering a lifting cable to a greater depth, and when lifting a pointed object to the surface without re-cutting, as well as preventing the irretrievable loss of anchors.

The problem is solved in that the view is made in the form of two non-rotating and positive buoyancy drums located one inside the other, with the inner drum fixed to the inside of one flange of the outer drum. At the same time, the upper part of the other flange of the outer drum is connected to the cargo cable through the upper breaking lock and swivel, and the lower part is connected to the anchor through the lower breaking lock and swivel. At the same time, a shunting cable is attached to the cargo cable through the upper swivel, which is laid on the outer drum and fixed on it with the help of cables or elastic bandage, and the auxiliary cable, laid and fixed on the inner drum, is connected through the lower swivel to the anchor.

The invention is illustrated by drawings. Figure 1 shows schematically the proposed device, a sunken object and an underwater vehicle; figure 2 is the same, after the operation of the upper and lower explosive locks.

The device consists of a cargo rope 1, a shunting cable 2, laid on the outer drum 3, inside of which on the right flange 4 an inner drum 5 is fixed, designed to lay the auxiliary cable 6. The inner cavity of the inner drum, in order to give the drums positive buoyancy, is filled with lightweight aggregate 7 (or may be sealed).

The left flange of the upper drum 8 through the upper breaking lock 9 and the upper swivel 10 is connected to the cargo cable 1, and through the lower breaking lock 11, the lower swivel 12 and the cable 13 - with the anchor 14.

The root end of the shunting cable 2 through the upper swivel 10 is connected to the cargo rope 1, and its running end through the swivel is connected, for example, with fire or any other device (mortgage, gripping, etc.) necessary for sharpening a particular sunken object.

One end of the auxiliary cable 6 is fixed to the inner drum 5, and the other through the lower swivel 12 is connected to the cable of the armature 13. Light and sonar beacons 15 are installed above the swivel 10.

As a breaking lock, a verb-hook, pyro-bolt, etc. can be used.

The device in assembled form is lowered from the surface vessel on the cargo line 1 until the anchor 14 is laid on the ground at the minimum possible distance from the sunken object. The underwater vehicle, guided by the signals of hydroacoustic and light beacons 15, approaches the outer drum 3, the manipulator captures the free (running) end of the shunting cable 2 and tows it to the underwater object, while the cable is unwound from the drum.

Having approached the object, the PA secures on it the delivered running end of the shunting cable 2, for example, with the help of a fire, carbine, grabber, etc. After checking the reliability of the fastening (after release from the cable), the PA is removed to a safe distance. The length of the shunting cable, when performing such work, is usually 50-70 m.

On the vessel, cargo rope 1 is selected 5-10 m away from the anchor 14 from the ground. In this case, the shunting cable, due to the movement of the vessel with the device in a given direction, is pulled and continues to unwind (“descend”) from the drum 3 in the direction of its axis ( on the principle of “descent” of fishing line from inertialess spinning reels).

The shunting cable is fixed on the drum with heels or an elastic bandage that will break (stretch) when the cable is reeled under tension. When "descent" of the last turn of the shunting cable 2 from the drum, the upper breaking lock 9 automatically opens. The upper part of the left flange 8 is released from attachment to the cargo rope. The device "goes" to the position shown in figb, i.e. the line “cargo rope - shunting cable - underwater object” is free and ready for lifting the object onto the ship. Anchor 14 with drums hanging above it lays on the ground.

When ready, a command is given to open the bursting lock 11. The lower part of the left flange 8 is released from attachment to the anchor 14, and the drums 3 and 5 under the influence of positive buoyancy begin to float.

Auxiliary cable 6 "descends" from the inner drum 5 and the link "anchor - auxiliary cable - drums" occupies the position shown in figa.

After the drums float to the surface, the auxiliary cable 6 can be used as a lifting cable, if its strength is sufficient for this, or serve as guides for the delivery of a stronger lifting cable for the anchor.

In the manufacture of the device, it is advisable to use non-metallic cables with buoyancy close to zero.

The technical and economic advantage of the proposed device compared to the prototype (USSR copyright certificate No. 732167) is that:

- the device is compact, which simplifies the technology of assembling and lowering it from the ship to the ground;

- after towing and securing the shunting cable by the underwater vehicle at the object, the cable drums are separated from the cargo rope and the line “cargo rope - shunting cable - underwater object”, freed from bulky elements, allows lifting the object onto the vessel without re-stop (non-stop), which significantly increases the likelihood of a successful lifting of a pointed object;

- An anchor with drums hanging above it after separation of the cargo rope can be lifted onto the vessel and reused.

As of 2002, the device was developed at the level of a technical proposal.

Claims (1)

An underwater load-lifting device, including a cargo rope launched from a surface vessel with light and sonar beacons, a view with a shunting cable equipped with an element for securing the cable to the underwater object, an anchor, swivels and breaking locks, characterized in that the device is made in the form of two non-rotating drums placed one inside the other and having positive buoyancy, with the inner drum secured to the inside of one of the flanges of the outer drum, and the outer one through bursting locks and tlyugi suspended on the rope and the load connected to the armature, wherein the outer drum is laid shunting cable connected at one end through the upper swivel truck with rope, and the inner drum is laid on and fixed to the auxiliary cable whose other end through the lower swivel is connected to the armature.

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