RU2301908C1 - High-temperature polyfunctional electrochemical device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; engines.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to electrochemical devices used to get hydrogen from water and to oxidize organic products. Proposed high-temperature polyfunctional electrochemical device designed for producing hydrogen from water and oxidizing organic products contains housing with heat insulation, inlet and outlet branch pipes, electrochemical modules, inlet and outlet manifolds of electrochemical modules, steam heat exchanger-heater and outlet heat exchanger. High-temperature polyfunctional electrochemical device contains additionally water feed valve, water evaporator, air heat exchanger-heater and air feed valve. Inlet branch pipe of electrochemical device is connected with exhaust branch pipe of internal combustion engine, and outlet branch pipe of electrochemical device is connected with inlet branch pipe of muffler. Inlet manifold of electrochemical modules is connected at one side through steam heat exchanger-heater, water evaporator and water feed valve with water reservoir, and at other side, through air heat exchanger-heater and air feed valve with air source, for instance, with air intake. Outlet manifold of electrochemical modules is connected through outlet heat exchanger with air intake of internal combustion engine. Air heat exchanger-heater, outlet heat exchanger, electrochemical modules, steam heat exchanger-heater and water evaporator are installed after inlet branch pipe of high-temperature polyfunctional electrochemical device in succession in direction of exhaust gas flow.

EFFECT: improved combustion of fuel and ecological characteristics of internal combustion engine.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to electrochemical devices for producing hydrogen from water and the oxidation of organic products and can be used to improve the operation of internal combustion engines (ICE) running on fossil fuels.

Known high-temperature electrochemical device containing a housing with thermal insulation, electrochemical modules, inlet and outlet pipes and collectors, heat exchanger-heater (US Pat. US No. 4728584 from 01.03.1988).

Also known is a high-temperature electrochemical device comprising a housing with thermal insulation, electrochemical modules, input and output collectors, water and air supply pipes (Pat. France No. 2125729 from 02/18/1971).

Known high-temperature electrochemical devices cannot be effectively used to improve the operation of the internal combustion engine, since they do not have the necessary set and the necessary mutual arrangement of structural elements.

The proposed high-temperature multifunctional electrochemical device (VPEU) for producing hydrogen from water and the oxidation of organic products, including a housing with thermal insulation, input and output pipes, electrochemical modules, input and output collectors of electrochemical modules, a heat exchanger-heater, water vapor, an output heat exchanger, according to the invention additionally contains a water supply valve, a water evaporator, an air heat exchanger-heater, and an air supply valve, wherein the air inlet The EA is connected to the exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine (ICE), and the outlet pipe of the HPE is connected to the inlet pipe of the muffler, the input collector of the electrochemical modules is connected on one side through a heat exchanger-heater of water vapor, a water evaporator and a water supply valve with a water tank, and with on the other hand, through an air heat exchanger-heater and an air supply valve with an air source, such as an air intake, and the output collector of the electrochemical modules is connected through the output heat exchanger to the air engine intake. Behind the inlet pipe of the device, a heat exchanger-air heater, an output heat exchanger, electrochemical modules, a heat exchanger-water vapor heater and a water evaporator can be sequentially installed in the exhaust gas stream.

The combination of the above essential features leads to the fact that due to the addition of hydrogen to the air entering the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine, the completeness of combustion of the fuel increases and thus its efficiency increases, and the exhaust gases containing unoxidized products in the form of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons are oxidized to electrochemical modules, which improves the environmental performance of internal combustion engines.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of the proposed high-temperature multifunctional electrochemical device (VPEU), where

1 - output collector of electrochemical modules,

2 - electrochemical modules,

3 - input collector of electrochemical modules,

4 - water supply valve,

5 - water tank,

6 - inlet pipe of the muffler,

7 - output pipe VPEU,

8 - water evaporator,

9 - heat exchanger-heater water vapor,

10 - case with thermal insulation,

11 - output heat exchanger,

12 - heat exchanger-air heater,

13 - inlet nozzle VPEU,

14 - exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine,

15 - engine intake

16 - air supply valve.

Figure 2 presents a graph of the temperature of the exhaust gases inside the VPEU, illustrating the effectiveness of the proposed sequence of arrangement of structural elements inside the device for the exhaust gas flow.

The proposed device is located between the exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine 14 and the inlet pipe of the muffler 6 and consists of a housing with thermal insulation 10 having an input 13 and an output 7 pipe, inside the housing are electrochemical modules 2 with input 3 and output 1 collectors, air heat exchanger-heater 12, output a heat exchanger 11, a heat exchanger-heater of water vapor 9 and a water evaporator 8. The input collector 3 of the electrochemical modules is connected on one side through a heat exchanger-heater of water vapor 9, the evaporator 8 and a water supply valve 4 with a water tank 5, and on the other hand through an air heat exchanger 12 and an air supply valve 16 with an air source, for example an air intake, and the output manifold 1 of the electrochemical modules is connected through an output heat exchanger 11 with an air intake of the engine 15 .

The proposed device operates as follows. When the air supply valve 16 is open and the water supply valve 4 is closed, air is supplied through the heat exchanger-heater 12 and the input collector 3 into the electrochemical modules 2, where oxygen is generated from the air and transferred through the solid electrolyte to the outer surface of the modules 2, on which all under-oxidized products contained in the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine are oxidized. The air passing through the modules 2 is collected by the exhaust manifold 1 and is discharged through the exhaust heat exchanger 11 into the air intake of the internal combustion engine 15. In this operating mode, with the open valve 16 and the closed valve 4, the proposed device cleans the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons.

With the closed air supply valve 16 and the open water supply valve 4, the proposed device operates as follows. Water from the reservoir 5 through the valve 4 is supplied to the water evaporator 8, water vapor from the evaporator 8 through the heat exchanger-heater 9 and the input collector 3 enters the electrochemical modules 2, where water is electrolyzed with hydrogen evolution due to electric current. Oxygen is transported through the solid electrolyte and on the outer surface of the modules 2 oxidizes all under-oxidized products contained in the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine, and the hydrogen formed inside the modules 2 along with the remaining water vapor through the heat exchanger 11 is fed into the internal air intake of the internal combustion engine 15. Mixed in the air intake 15 with the external air , hydrogen enters the internal combustion engine, in which it increases the degree of combustion of the main fuel, thereby increasing the efficiency of the internal combustion engine. The second mode of operation of the proposed device with the supply of hydrogen to the internal combustion engine is especially effective in transient modes of operation of the internal combustion engine, for example, at the time of start-up or a sharp increase in speed.

As can be seen from figure 2, taking into account the fact that the operating temperature of the HPE should be higher than the temperature of the exhaust gases, it is the proposed sequence of arrangement of heat exchangers and electrochemical modules that provides the most complete and efficient heat recovery to maintain the operating temperature of the modules higher than the temperature of the exhaust gases .

Claims (2)

1. High-temperature multifunctional electrochemical device (VPEU) for producing hydrogen from water and the oxidation of organic products, including a housing with thermal insulation, input and output pipes, electrochemical modules, input and output collectors of electrochemical modules, a water vapor heat exchanger-heater, and an output heat exchanger, characterized in which further comprises a water supply valve, a water evaporator, an air heat exchanger-heater and an air supply valve, wherein the inlet pipe of the HPEU is connected with the exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine (ICE), and the output pipe of the HPE is connected to the inlet pipe of the muffler, the input collector of the electrochemical modules is connected on one side through a heat exchanger-heater of water vapor, a water evaporator and a water supply valve with a water tank, and on the other hand through a heat exchanger-air heater and an air supply valve with an air source, such as an air intake, and the output collector of the electrochemical modules is connected through an output heat exchanger with an air intake om ICE. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a heat exchanger-air heater, an output heat exchanger, electrochemical modules, a heat exchanger-heater of steam and a water evaporator are installed sequentially downstream of the exhaust gas behind the inlet nozzle of the HPPE.

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