RU2301460C2 - Method for managementling defects related to data carrier, disk drive for managementling defects related to data carrier and data carrier, relatively to which defect management is applied - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: method and disk drive for recording defect management information, and also record carrier, relatively to which defect management is applied.

SUBSTANCE: defect management method includes recording first condition information, which denotes the fact that temporary defect management structure renewal cycle is open, when temporary defect management structure renewal is started. Temporary defect management structure contains information, related to management of temporary defects. Further, method includes temporary defect management structure renewal, when data are recorded onto information carrier or read from information carrier. Finally, method includes recording second condition information, which sets closure of temporary defect management structure cycle when temporary defect management structure renewal is complete.

EFFECT: increased efficiency.

15 cl, 7 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a defect management method for a recording medium, a drive for a recording medium and a recording medium for a given drive, and more particularly to a defect management method according to which a primary temporary defect management area and a secondary temporary defect management area are recorded on the recording medium.

State of the art

Defect management is the process of overwriting data stored in the user data area of a disc in which a defect occurs to a new part of the user data area, thereby compensating for data loss caused by the defect.

In general, defect management is performed using linear substitution or sliding substitution. In the case of linear substitution, the user data area in which the defect occurs is replaced by the backup data area that is not defective. In the case of a rolling substitution, the user data area is skipped and the next user data area that is not defective is used.

However, both linear substitution and sliding substitution are applicable only to discs, such as DVD-RAM / RW (digital multifunction discs with random access / rewritable), on which data can be repeatedly recorded, and recording can be performed using the random access method.

In the case of a write-once and multiple-read data medium (WORM) (hereinafter referred to as a “write-once-write medium”), data cannot be overwritten to the same position, since the recording capabilities of such media are limited. Thus, effective defect management is required, and considerable effort has been devoted to developing a defect management method for write-once recording media using a drive for the recording medium.

Defect management for write-once recording media is performed using a post-recording verification method. More specifically, a drive for a recording medium writes data in predetermined blocks to a write-once recording medium, and then verifies the recorded data to determine the position of a portion of the medium in which there is a defect. Then, the drive re-writes the data recorded in the part where there is a defect in the backup area. Next, the drive creates a temporary defect list (TDFL), which describes the position of the defective area and the spare area, which is a replacement for the defective area, and creates temporary defect management information (TDDS) defining the position of the TDFL record. The combination of TDFL and TDDS is called a temporary defect management structure (TDMS).

The drive then stores the created TDFL or TDDS in memory and writes the stored information to the temporary defect management area (TDMA) of the write-once recording medium when the amount of information stored in the memory reaches a predetermined level. TDMS is updated whenever data is written to a write-once recording medium.

A write-once recording medium is considered finalized when data can no longer be written to it, or the user no longer wants to write data to it. During the finalization of the write-once recording medium, the TDMS structure that was last recorded in the TDMA is copied to the defect management area (DMA).

However, the defect management performed by the drive for the recording medium with respect to the write-once recording medium is abnormally stopped when the power supply to the drive for the recording medium is interrupted due to some emergency event, such as, for example, a power failure. For example, a drive for a recording medium may experience a power shortage before recording TDFL or TDDS, which are created when data is recorded on a write-once recording medium in TDMA. In this case, the TDMS will not be successfully updated. In addition, when the write-once recording medium is re-loaded into the drive for the recording medium after the power is restored, the drive will not be able to check whether the defect management has completed abnormally or not.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a defect management method for a write-once recording medium, according to which a check is made for abnormal termination of defect management due to an emergency event, such as, by way of non-limiting example, a power shortage.

The present invention also provides a drive for a recording medium that makes it easy to check for abnormal termination of defect management due to an incident that could not be avoided.

The present invention also provides a storage medium with respect to which it is easy to check for abnormal termination of defect management due to an incident that could not be avoided.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a defect management method for a storage medium including recording first state information that determines that a TDMS temporary update cycle is opened when a TDMS update starts, wherein the TDMS contains temporary defect management information; TDMS update when data is either written to or read from the storage medium; and recording second state information that specifies that the TDMS update cycle is closed when the TDMS update is completed.

The first state information may be recorded in response to either the TDMS update cycle opening command, or the command to write data to the storage medium or read data from the storage medium.

The update may include recording the first status information based on the updated TDMS.

The second update information may be recorded in response to a command to retrieve the storage medium.

According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a defect management method for an information medium comprising recording a first state information that determines that a data update cycle is open to a certain area of the information medium when the data update begins during data recording on the information medium or reading data from it; updating predetermined data that is generated when data is either written to or read from the storage medium by writing data to the storage medium; and recording second state information, which sets that the data update cycle is closed, to said area when the information update is completed.

According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a drive including: a head that either writes data to or reads data from a loaded information medium; a controller that controls the head to record the first state information, which determines that the update cycle of the temporary defect management structure (TDMS) is open, in some area of the information carrier, when the update of the TDMS containing information regarding the management of temporary defects starts, controls the head to update the TDMS, when data is written to or read from the storage medium, and controls the head for recording second recording information, which sets that the TDMS update cycle is closed, to the domain when updating TDMS is completed.

The controller can control the head to write the first state information to the region, in response to either the TDMS update cycle open command or the write / read command.

The controller may control the head to write the first state information to said area based on the updated TDMS when the TDMS is updated while writing data to or reading data from the storage medium.

The controller may control the head to record the second status information in said area, in response to either the media extraction command or the TDMS update loop closing command.

According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a drive including: a head that writes data to or reads data from a loaded storage medium, and a controller that controls the head to record first state information that determines that the information update cycle is open, a certain area of the information carrier when the update of the information begins while writing data to the information medium or reading data from the information medium; controls the head to update predetermined data that is generated when data is either written to or read from the storage medium by writing information to the storage medium; and controls the head to record second state information, which sets that the information update cycle is closed, to said area when the information update is completed.

According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a storage medium that includes an input area, a user data area, and an output area onto which a temporary defect management structure (TDMS) is recorded comprising information on temporary defect management and update cycle status information regarding TDMS, This update cycle status information determines whether the TDMS update cycle is open or closed.

A TDMS may comprise temporary defect management information (TDDS) and a temporary defect list (TDFL), and TDMS update cycle status information is contained in the TDDS.

At least one TDMA may be generated in at least one of an input area, a user data area, and an output area, and TDMS and TDMS update cycle status information may be recorded in TDMA.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a storage medium including information related to recording data or reading recorded data and generated during data recording or reading recorded data; and update cycle status information, which determines whether the update cycle of said information is open or closed, and is recorded based on said information.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for determining whether a data recording has abnormally completed on a storage medium due to an emergency event. The method includes reading the second status information, which determines that the TDMS update cycle is closed when the TDMS update is completed. The first state information, which determines that the update cycle of the temporary defect management structure (TDMS) is open, is recorded when the TDMS update begins, wherein the TDMS contains information regarding the management of temporary defects. TDMS is updated when data is either written to or read from the storage medium.

Additional and / or other aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description that follows, and in part will become apparent from this description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

List of drawings

These and / or other aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and more apparent from the following description of embodiments given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which

1 is an illustration of a data structure of one recording layer of a write-once recording medium according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is an illustration of an example data structure of information recorded in a temporary defect management area (TDMA).

3 is an illustration of an example data structure of temporary defect management information (TDDS).

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a drive performing defect management on a write-once recording medium according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a detailed block diagram of the drive shown in Figure 4.

6 is an illustration of the states of a write-once recording medium with respect to which defect management is performed according to an embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a flowchart illustrating a defect management method for a storage medium according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The best mode for implementing the invention

The following is a detailed reference to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which identical reference numbers correspond to the same elements throughout the drawings. Embodiments are described below to explain the present invention with reference to the figures.

In this description, defect management according to embodiments of the present invention is described with respect to a write-once recording medium, which is an example of an information medium. However, it should be understood that other carriers may be used.

1 illustrates a data structure of a presentation of a single recording layer of a write-once recording medium according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1, a write-once recording medium includes an input area, a data area, and an output area. The lead-in area includes a defect management area (DMA) # 1, DMA # 2, a recording condition testing area, a primary temporary defect management area (TDMA), and a drive information area.

A backup area # 1, a backup area # 2, a secondary TDMA, and a user data area are formed in the data area. In the output region, DMA # 3, DMA # 4 are formed.

In general, a rewritable recording medium includes DMA areas, but does not include temporary DMA (TDMA), while TDMA areas are additionally allocated on a write-once recording medium, in addition to DMA areas, in the context of considering features of this medium .

More specifically, in the case of a write-once recording medium, data recording is not permitted at the position where the data has already been recorded. Thus, when it is necessary to update information related to a newly formed defect during data recording, the drive for the recording medium reads the last recorded defect information and updates the present defect information by additionally recording information about the newly formed defect in a new cluster. For this reason, since data is more often recorded on a write-once recording medium, the amount of information about defects is accumulated and becomes larger.

At the same time, since the DMA formed in the known rewritable recording medium has a small recording capacity, DMA is used as the area in which defect management is performed. Thus, a TDMA whose recording capacity is larger than the DMA recording capacity is further allocated to a write-once recording medium.

In DMA, a temporary defect management structure (TDMS), which is last recorded in TDMA, is recorded during finalization of a write-once recording medium. Thus, data is recorded onto a write-once recording medium using a drive for the recording medium, and the time taken to initialize the write-once recording medium is reduced.

Initializing a recording medium is the process of reading data from an input area or an output area and determining how to control the recording medium and write data to the recording medium or read data from the recording medium. Thus, since the amount of information recorded in the input area or output area of the recordable medium increases, more time is spent on initializing the recordable medium after it is loaded into the drive for the recording medium. The search speed of data recorded in DMA is still higher than the search speed of data recorded in TDMA with a higher recording capacity.

1, a write-once recording medium includes two TDMAs, i.e. primary TDMA and secondary TDMA in which the TDMS is recorded. According to the foregoing, the TDMS contains a temporary defect list (TDFL) and temporary defect management information (TDDS). TDFL sets the position of the defective area and the spare area that is replacement for the defective area, and TDDS sets the recording position of the TDFL.

The TDMS contains a spatial bitmap (SMB) that uses bit values to indicate whether data is written to clusters that make up the entire recording area of a write-once recording medium, in addition to TDDS and TDFL. SMB is writable either in an additional cluster or in a cluster containing TDMS.

The inclusion of secondary TDMA in the data area is optional, depending on the decision of the user or manufacturer of the drive. The reason why enabling secondary TDMA depends on the decision of the user or manufacturer of the drive is to enable the user / manufacturer of the drive to properly use write-once recording medium.

Reserve areas # 1 and # 2 are allocated for the data area during initialization of the write-once recording medium when defect management is performed using the drive for the recording medium.

Figure 2 illustrates an example data structure of information recorded in TDMA. 2, TDDS structures and TDFLs are recorded in TDMA in block clusters. In TDMA, the region into which TDDS is recorded and the region into which TDFL are recorded are not further subdivided, i.e. they are recorded in the same TDMA space. Thus, the corresponding TDDS structures and TDFLs are written to at least one block cluster in the sequence in which they are generated (N and k are integers greater than 1).

FIG. 3 illustrates an example TDDS data structure illustrated in FIG. 2. 3, TDDS #i (i is an integer greater than 0) sets the position of the recording area for testing the recording conditions, the position of the TDFL #i corresponding to TDDS #i, write protection information, update counter showing the number of TDDS #i updates, sizes spare areas # 1 and # 2 allocated to the data area, C_flag, etc.

As used herein, C_flag stands for “Consistency Flag” representing the state of a TDMS update cycle. C_flag is described in detail below.

Although not shown in the figures, according to this embodiment of the present invention, regions formed in a single recording layer of the write-once recording medium of FIG. 1 are also included in the double recording layer of the write-once recording medium. In the double layer of the write-once recording medium, the inner region # 0, the data region # 0 and the outer region # 0 are sequentially formed in the first recording layer from the inner part to the outer part thereof, and the outer region # 1, the data region # 1 and the inner region # 1 is sequentially formed in the second recording layer from its inner part to its outer part.

Accordingly, defect management according to this embodiment of the present invention is feasible in a write-once recording medium with a double recording layer. The primary TDMA of the second recording layer is used when the primary TDMA of the first recording layer is filled with data, and the secondary TDMA of the second recording layer is used when the secondary TDMA of the first recording layer is filled with data.

4 is a block diagram of a drive performing defect management with respect to a write-once recording medium according to an embodiment of the present invention. According to Figure 4, the device includes a write / read module 1, a controller 2, and a memory 3.

The write / read unit 1 writes data to a write-once recording medium 4, which is an information medium, and reads data from a write-once disc 4 in order to verify the recorded data.

The controller 2 performs defect management on the data recorded on the write-once recording medium 4 using the TDMA generated in the write-once recording medium 4.

In this embodiment, the controller 2 uses the “post-recording verification” method, according to which data is recorded onto the write-once recording medium 4 in predetermined blocks and the recorded data is verified to detect a region of the write-once recording medium 4 having a defect. More specifically, the controller 2 writes user data to the write-once recording medium 4 in predetermined blocks, verifies the recorded user data to detect an area of the write-once recording medium 4 in which there is a defect, and creates TDFL and TDDS that describe the position of the area, having a defect. Then, the controller 2 stores the created TFDL and TDDS in the memory 3. If the amount of stored information reaches a predetermined level, the controller 2 writes the stored information to the TDMA of the write-once medium 4.

FIG. 5 is a detailed block diagram of the drive of FIG. 4 that performs defect management with respect to a write-once recording medium according to an embodiment of the present invention. 5, the drive for the recording medium includes a head 10 corresponding to the write / read module 1 of FIG. 4. The write-once recording medium 4 is loaded into the head module 10. Also, the drive includes a controller 2 in which a personal computer (PC) interface 21 is installed, a digital signal processor (DSP) 22, a high-frequency (RF) amplifier 23, a servo mechanism 24 and system controller 25. Memory 3 is included in the system controller 25 of the controller 2.

During the write operation, the PC interface 21 receives the data to be written and the write command from the host device (not shown). The system controller 25 initializes the write once recording medium 4 required for the write operation. The DSP 22 receives data to be recorded from the PC interface 21, encodes this data using an error correction code (ECC) by entering additional data into the data, for example, parity data for error correction, modulates the data encoded by ECC using the specified method. An RF amplifier 23 converts the output of the DSP 22 into an RF signal. The head 10 records the RF signal output by the RF amplifier 23 to the write-once recording medium 4. The servo mechanism 24 receives a servo control command from the system controller 25 and performs servo control on the head 10. Also, to perform defect management during the recording operation, the system controller 25 instructs the head 10 to read data from the write medium 4 once or write information such as time information control, on the recording medium 4 write once.

In addition, the system controller 25 instructs the head 10 to record a TDMS containing TDDS and TDFL, which is the last recorded in the TDMA, so as to finalize the write-once recording medium 4 when a user command is issued or predetermined conditions for finalizing the disc are satisfied.

During the write operation, the PC interface 21 receives a read command from the host device. The system controller 25 performs the initialization required for the read operation. The head 10 directs the laser beam to the write-once recording medium 4 and receives and outputs an optical signal based on the laser beam reflected from the write-once recording medium 4. The RF amplifier 23 converts the optical signal emitted by the head 10 into an RF signal, supplies the modulated data from the RF signal to the DSP 22 and supplies the servo signal received from the RF signal for servo control to the servo mechanism 24. The DSP 22 demodulates the modulated data, performs ECC encoding with respect to demodulated data and provides ECC encoded data. The servo mechanism 24 performs servo control with respect to the head 10 in response to a servo signal provided by the RF amplifier 23 and a servo control command issued by the system controller. The PC interface 21 sends data received from the DSP 22 to the host device. Also, the system controller may direct the head 10 to read information related to defect management from the recording medium 4 with a write once during the read operation. The system controller controls the entire system during a write / read operation.

The following describes a defect management method for a write-once recording medium.

According to the present invention, a consistency flag (hereinafter referred to as “C_flag”) is introduced, which is information defining the TDMS update cycle and the status of the TDMS update cycle so as to determine whether defect management is interrupted in an abnormal manner due to an emergency event during data recording on storage medium.

6 illustrates the state of a write-once recording medium in respect of which defect management is performed according to an embodiment of the present invention. 6, TDMS describes two states of a write-once recording medium: the TDMS update cycle open state to which C_flag = '1' corresponds, and the TDMS update cycle close state to which C_flag = '0' corresponds. The value of C_flag is determined and recorded according to the status of the updated TDMS. When the write-once recording medium is loaded into the drive for the recording medium, and C_flag, which is the status information regarding the updated TDMS, is '1', the drive considers that an emergency event, such as a power failure, has occurred while using the recording medium , and thus defect management was not completed normally.

4 and 6, a detailed description will now be made of a defect management method with respect to a write-once recording medium according to another embodiment of the present invention. First, when the write-once recording medium 4 is loaded into the drive for the recording medium (operation 10), the TDMS update cycle reaches state 100. State 100 indicates that the data has never been written to the write-once recording medium 4, or indicates that the write-once recording medium 4 enters the TDMS update cycle closing state having C_flag = 0, which was last recorded in the TDMS when the data was recorded, and defect management was successful therein.

If the data has never been recorded to write-once recording medium 4, controller 2 writes to the first primary TDMA cluster C_flag = 0 and information that defect management is performed using the drive for the recording medium during initialization of write-once recording medium 4. C_flag is recorded in TDDS, as described previously with reference to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3.

According to this embodiment, a TDDS having a flag C_flag = 1 is recorded, and the write-once recording medium 4 enters the state 110, so that the TDMS update cycle is opened in response to a command of the host device or according to the write / read operation (operation 20) , and the write-once recording medium 4 enters the TDMS update cycle open state.

Two cases where an update cycle opens are:

Opening the TDMS update cycle through a command from the host computing device.

When the write-once recording medium 4 containing the final TDMS, more specifically, the last recorded TDDS having C_flag = 0, is loaded into the drive for the recording medium, the controller 2 receives the TDMS update cycle opening command from a host device (not shown). Then, the controller 2 controls the write / read module 1 to write the TDDS with C_flag = 1 to the next TDMS position in the TDMS, which is the last recorded in the TDMA, so as to indicate the opening state of the TDMS update cycle. In this case, the C_flag value changes, but other information, such as TDFL, does not change. Thus, only the TDDS containing the modified C_flag is written to the new cluster.

Opening a TDMS update cycle according to a write / read operation.

When the write-once recording medium 4 having the latest TDDS with C_flag = 0 is loaded into the drive for the recording medium, and the data recording or reading is ready, the main device sends a write / read command to the drive for the recording medium, and the drive for the recording medium executes a write / read operation with respect to the write-once medium 4. If TDMS updating is required during the write / read operation, the controller 2 controls the write / read module 1 to write the TDDS with C_flag = 1 to the next TDMS position in the TDMS, which is the last recorded in the TDMA, so as to indicate the opening state of the TDMS update cycle.

TDMS is updated after applying the “verification after recording” method once or several times, or after recording a predetermined amount of data. At this time, the TDMS is updated to include C_flag = 1, and is recorded in the TDDS.

Likewise, defect management in the form of a TDMS update is also performed when the cluster is determined to contain a defect while reading data from the write-once medium 4.

After state 110, where the C_flag value is recorded as equal to 1, and the TDMS update cycle is opened, a write / read operation (operation 30) is performed, and a new TDMS is created and stored in the memory 3. For efficient use of the TDMA, the controller 2 preferably performs the TDMS update by writing TDMS to TDMA only when the host issues a TDMS update command (operation 50). At this point in time, the TDMS is updated so that the C_flag = 1 flag is included in the TDDS.

State 120 indicates the state of the disk, i.e. a TDMS update cycle open state having C_flag = 1 in which the TDMS can be updated during a write / read operation (operation 30). In state 120, when the host device issues a TDMS update command (operation 50), the controller 2 updates the TDMS by including C_flag = 1 in the TDDS, and the TDMS update cycle re-enters state 100.

After opening the TDMS update cycle, in response to the TDMS update cycle opening command issued by the host device, or according to the write / read operation, a command is issued to eject recording medium 4 once from the drive for the recording medium or command to close the TDMS update cycle (operation 40) . Then, the controller 2 controls the write / read module 1 for recording TDDS with C_flag = 0 in TDMA. Here, C_flag = 0 indicates that the TDMS update cycle is closed. When a TDDS with C_flag = 0 is recorded in the TDMA, the write-once recording medium 4 enters the TDMS update cycle close state 130.

If the host device issues a TDMS refresh cycle close command instead of the write-once recording medium eject command 4, the TDMS update cycle enters state 130 and returns to state 100. In state 130, when the main device issues the write-once medium write eject command, write-once recording medium 4 is removed from the drive for the recording medium (operation 70).

In state 130, if the user issues a finalization command to the write-once recording medium 4, the controller 2 controls the write / read module to write data such as “ffh” to the TDMA free space, thereby preventing data from being recorded, such as TDMS, which contains TDDS , TDFL or SBM, in TDMA.

As previously mentioned, according to this embodiment of the present invention, a C_flag that indicates two TDMS update cycle states, i.e. TDMS update cycle open status and TDMS update cycle close status is recorded in TDMS. Thus, it is possible to check whether there has been an emergency event, such as a power shortage in the drive for the recording medium, while using the write-once medium 4. If a power shortage in the drive for the recording medium occurred while using the write-once medium 4, the C_flag value indicating that the TDMS update cycle has been opened should ultimately be in TDMA.

TDMS is recorded repeatedly to increase the reliability of data discovery. For example, during a TDMS update, a TDMS is repeatedly recorded in continuous TDMA clusters, or a new TDMS is recorded in a primary TDMA, and a copy of the new TDMS is recorded in a secondary TDMA.

Until now, defect management according to an embodiment of the present invention has been described with respect to a write-once recording medium. However, the type of storage medium with respect to which defect management according to the present invention can be performed is not limited to this type of storage medium. That is, defect management for a storage medium according to the present invention, in which an update cycle and cycle status information is used, is not limited to updating a TDMS of a write-once recording medium.

According to the foregoing, there is a case where an emergency event, such as a power failure, occurs when the drive for the recording medium writes information that is generated regarding writing data or reading data to the loaded medium periodically or at some point in time during write / read operations. In this case, the power supply to the drive for the recording medium is interrupted, and information recording is stopped in an abnormal manner. According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the recording medium is re-loaded into the drive for the recording medium, the drive for the recording medium determines that the recording of information is abnormal by referring to the final cycle update status information.

7 is a flowchart illustrating a defect management method for a storage medium according to an embodiment of the present invention. The defect management shown in FIG. 7 can be implemented using, for example, the drive shown in FIGS. 4 or 5. Next, with reference to FIGS. 4 and 7, a defect management method for a storage medium according to an embodiment of the present is described. inventions.

First, at 310, a storage medium is loaded. At 320, a cycle for updating specific information related to writing data or reading data is opened. In this embodiment, the storage medium may be, by way of non-limiting example, an optical recording medium, such as a digital multifunction disk, or a hard disk.

Also, information related to data recording or data reading is information that is generated on the information medium during data recording or data reading and which subsequently needs to be recorded on the information medium for data reading. In accordance with the foregoing, defect information is recorded in a TDMS generated on a write-once information medium, or DMA formed on a rewritable recording medium.

In this embodiment, the information update cycle is described as an open response to an update cycle open command or a write / read command issued by a host device (not shown). However, it should also be understood that the conditions for opening the update cycle can be set differently.

At 330, when the information update cycle is open, the controller 2 controls the write / read module 1 to record the information of the update cycle open state to a predetermined area of the loaded information medium. The update cycle status information sets the status of the status cycle using the consistency flag. If the value of the consistency flag is 1, the state loop is open. If the value of the consistency flag is 0, the update cycle is closed.

At step 340, the controller 2 controls the write / read module 1 to write data or read data from the storage medium.

At 350, the controller 2 creates predetermined information that needs to be updated whenever data is written or read from the storage medium.

In step 360, the controller 2 determines whether the information update cycle is completed or not. If it is determined in step 360 that the update cycle is not completed, the defect management process returns to step 330, the information created in step 350 is recorded on the storage medium, and the update cycle open state information is recorded on it again.

However, if it is determined that the update cycle is completed, the information created in step 350 is recorded on the storage medium, and the closing status information of the update cycle is written to it again in step 370.

When recording the status of the update cycle in step 330 or step 370, it is preferable that the status information of the update cycle is embedded in the information, and this information is recorded on the recording medium. If the information of the opening state of the update cycle is recorded for the first time after loading the information carrier, the recorded information is compared with previously recorded information, and information is recorded in which only the information of the state of the update cycle is changed from the information of the closing state of the update cycle to the information of the state of the opening of the update cycle.

As previously described, defect management according to the disclosed embodiments of the present invention enables the drive for the recording medium to easily recognize the abnormal completion of data recording on the storage medium that was caused by an event, such as an interruption in the power supply to the drive for the recording medium due to a power failure when the medium information is reloaded into the drive for the recording medium.

Although several embodiments of the present invention have been shown, the present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. On the contrary, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that changes can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (50)

1. A defect management method for an information medium, comprising the steps of: recording the first state information on an information medium that determines that the update cycle of the temporary defect management structure (TDMS) of the information medium is open, wherein the TDMS contains information related to managing temporary defects, write the second status information on the storage medium, which specifies that the TDMS update cycle is closed when the TDMS update is completed. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first state information is recorded in response to a TDMS update cycle open command. 3. The method according to claim 1, in which the first state information is recorded in response to a command to either write data to the storage medium or read data from the storage medium. 4. The method according to claim 1, in which the TDMS is updated to manage defects when the data is either written to the medium or read from the information medium. 5. The method according to claim 1, in which the second state information is recorded in response to a command to retrieve the storage medium. 6. The method according to claim 1, in which the second state information is recorded in response to a TDMS update cycle close command. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein one of the first and second status information is contained in the TDMS and recorded during the TDMS update. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the TDMS comprises temporary defect management information (TDDS) and a temporary defect list (TDFL), and one of the first and second status information is included in the TDDS. 9. A defect management method for an information medium containing a temporary defect management area, comprising the steps of setting a flag in the temporary defect management area that sets the update cycle of the temporary defect management structure of the temporary defect management area, wherein the temporary defect management structure comprises information related to temporary defect management, and set a flag in the temporary defect management area that indicates that the cycle is updated I have a temporary defect management structure is closed when the update of the temporary defect management structure is completed. 10. A drive containing a head that writes data to a loaded storage medium, or reads data from a loaded storage medium, and a controller that controls the head to record first state information, which specifies that the update cycle of the temporary defect management structure (TDMS) of the storage medium open, in a certain area of the information carrier, wherein the TDMS contains information related to the management of temporary defects, controls the head for recording in the said area of the second information An indicator that specifies that the TDMS update cycle is closed when the TDMS update is completed. 11. The drive of claim 10, wherein the controller controls the head to record first state information in said area in response to a TDMS update cycle open command. 12. The drive according to claim 10, in which the controller controls the head to record the first state information in said area in response to a command to write data to or read data from a storage medium. 13. The drive of claim 10, in which the TDMS is updated to manage defects when the data is either written to the storage medium or read from the storage medium. 14. The drive of claim 10, wherein the controller controls the head to record second state information in said area in response to a command to retrieve the storage medium. 15. The drive of claim 10, in which the controller controls the head to record second status information in said area in response to a TDMS update cycle close command. 16. The drive of claim 10, in which the controller records the first or second state information to be included in the TDMS during the TDMS update. 17. The drive according to claim 10, in which the TDMS contains temporary defect management information (TDDS) and a temporary defect list (TDFL), wherein the controller records the first or second information to be included in the TDDS. 18. The drive of claim 10, wherein said area is a temporary defect management area in which TDMS is recorded. 19. A storage medium including an input area, a user data area, and an output area on which a temporary defect management structure (TDMS) is recorded comprising information related to temporary defect management and update cycle status information related to TDMS, wherein update cycle status information determines whether the TDMS update cycle is open or closed. 20. The storage medium according to claim 19, in which the status information of the update cycle is contained in the TDMS. 21. The storage medium according to claim 20, in which the TDMS contains temporary defect management information (TDDS) and a temporary defect list (TDFL), and update cycle status information is contained in the TDDS. 22. The storage medium according to claim 19, in which at least one temporary defect management area (TDMA) is formed in at least one of an input area, a user data area and an output area, wherein the TDMS and update cycle status information are recorded in the TDMA . 23. A defect management method for an information medium, comprising the steps of: recording the first state information, which specifies that the update cycle of the defect management information is open, in a region of the information medium, recording the second state information, which specifies that the cycle updating said information is closed when the updating of said information is completed, and this information is updated to manage defects when data is either written to the storage medium tion, or read from the storage medium. 24. A drive containing a head that writes data to a storage medium or reads data from a storage medium, and a controller that controls the head to record the first state information, which determines that the update cycle of information for defect management is open, in a certain data area of the storage medium , controls the head for recording in the said region of the second state information, which determines that the information update cycle is closed when the update of the information is completed, and this information tion updated to defect management, when the data is either written to a storage medium or read from the information carrier. 25. A storage medium containing defect management information related to either recording data or reading recorded data and generated during either writing data or reading recorded data with respect to the storage medium, and updating cycle status information that sets is open whether the update cycle of said information is closed or closed, and which is recorded based on whether the update of said information is completed. 26. The storage medium according to claim 25, wherein the status information of the update cycle is contained in said information and recorded during the update of said information. 27. The storage medium of claim 25, wherein the status information of the update cycle specifies that the update cycle of said information is closed when the update of said information is completed successfully. 28. The storage medium of claim 25, which is a write-once storage medium or a rewritable storage medium. 29. A method for determining whether defect management with respect to a storage medium has been completed abnormally due to an accident, comprising the steps of reading status information that determines whether the update cycle of a temporary defect management structure (TDMS) of the storage medium is open or closed, wherein TDMS contains information related to the management of temporary defects, it is determined that the TDMS corresponds to the current moment when the update cycle of the TDMS is closed, and that the TDMS does not correspond to the current moment, when yes the TDMS update cycle is open. 30. The method according to clause 29, in which the storage medium is a write-once storage medium or rewritable storage medium. 31. The method according to clause 29, in which the reading of the status information comprises the step of reading the status information of the TDMS, which was most recently recorded. 32. The method according to clause 29, in which the TDMS is updated to manage defects when the data is either written to the storage medium or read from the storage medium. 33. A method for determining whether defect management with respect to the storage medium was completed in an abnormal manner, the storage medium containing a temporary defect management area, the method comprising the steps of reading a flag in the temporary defect management area that determines whether it is open or closed the update cycle of the temporary defect management structure of the temporary defect management area, wherein the temporary defect management structure contains information related to the management of temporary defects, determine that the temporary defect management structure corresponds to the current moment, if the update cycle is closed, and that the temporary defect management structure does not correspond to the current moment, if the update cycle is open. 34. The method of claim 33, wherein the flag reading comprises the step of reading the most recently recorded flag of the temporary defect management structure. 35. The method of claim 33, wherein the temporary defect management structure is updated for defect management when the data is either written to the storage medium or read from the storage medium. 36. A method for determining whether defect management with respect to a storage medium has been completed abnormally, comprising the steps of reading information that determines whether the update cycle for defect management information is open or closed from a certain area of the storage medium and determining that the information corresponds to the current moment when the update cycle is closed, and that said information does not correspond to the current moment when the update cycle is open, while said information is updated with the purpose of defect management, when data is either written to the storage medium or read from the storage medium. 37. The method according to clause 36, in which the reading of the status information comprises the step of reading the most recently recorded status information regarding information for managing defects. 38. A drive containing a head that writes data to or reads data from a loaded storage medium, a controller that controls the head to read status information that determines whether the update cycle of the temporary defect management structure (TDMS) of the information carrier is open or closed, moreover, the TDMS contains information related to the management of temporary defects, while the drive determines that the TDMS corresponds to the current moment, if the TDMS update cycle is closed, and that the TDMS does not correspond to the current moment the one if the TDMS update cycle is open. 39. The drive of claim 38, wherein the controller controls the head to read the most recently recorded TDMS status information. 40. The drive according to claim 38, wherein the TDMS is updated to manage defects when the data is either written to the storage medium or read from the storage medium. 41. A drive containing a head that writes data to or reads data from a storage medium containing a temporary defect management area, a controller that controls the head to read a flag in the temporary defect management area that determines whether the update cycle is open or closed a temporary defect management structure of the temporary defect management area, wherein the temporary defect management structure contains information related to the management of temporary defects, wherein the drive determines that the temporary defect management structure corresponds to the current moment, if the update cycle is closed, and that the temporary defect management structure does not correspond to the current moment, if the update cycle is open. 42. The drive according to claim 41, wherein the controller controls the head to read the most recently recorded flag of the temporary defect management structure. 43. The drive according to claim 41, wherein the temporary defect management structure is updated for defect management when the data is either written to the storage medium or read from the storage medium. 44. A drive containing a head that writes data to or reads data from a storage medium, a controller that controls the head to read status information that determines whether the update cycle for defect management information is open or closed, from a certain area of the information carrier, wherein the drive determines that said information corresponds to the current moment when the update cycle is closed, and that said information does not correspond to the current moment when the update cycle is open, and mentioning The inside information is updated for defect management purposes when the data is either written to the information carrier or read from the information carrier. 45. The drive according to claim 44, wherein the controller controls the head to read the most recently recorded status information regarding defect management information. 46. A defect management method for an information medium on which temporary defect management information (TDDS) is recorded including update status information of a temporary defect management structure (TDMS), comprising the step of: when the TDMS update is completed, recording TDDS including information that specifies that the status of the TDMS update corresponds to closure on the storage medium. 47. The method of claim 46, wherein the TDMS update status information is set to “open” or “close”. 48. The method according to item 46, in which the TDMS update is completed in response to a command to retrieve the storage medium. 49. A defect management method for an information medium on which temporary defect management information (TDDS) is recorded including update status information of a temporary defect management structure (TDMS), comprising the steps of reading temporary defect management information (TDDS) including information about the update status of the temporary defect management structure (TDMS) from the loaded information medium when the TDDS includes information that determines that the TDMS update status corresponds to cover, determine that defect management in relation to the storage medium is completed abnormally. 50. The method of claim 49, wherein the TDMS update status information is set to “open” or “close”.

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