RU2301355C1 - Self-contained power-generating device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention is designed for converting energy of air flow appearing in vertical pipe opened from end faces into electric energy. Proposed self-contained power-generating device contains power unit, system creating air flow through power unit and output voltage stabilizing and control unit. Power unit is made in form of cylindrical hollow vertically installed housing with stator of electric generator placed inside. Said stator accommodates multiple-stage propeller-type turbine installed ion vertical shaft with rotor of electric generator enclosing the turbine and made of magnetic material or provided with filed windings. Vertical shaft of turbine is installed on upper and lower magnetic supports each being formed of magnetic cone installed in conical space of magnetic base. Magnetic base of upper magnetic support is installed higher than rotor. Magnetic base of lower magnetic support is arranged lower than rotor, and cone and conical space of base are pointed to each other by like magnetic poles. System to deliver air through power unit consists of two parts, lower one on which power unit is arranged and upper one connected to power unit from top. Lower part is made in form of cylindrical shell and is designed to create air flow at inlet of power unit, and upper part is made in form of tube of rigid or soft airtight material. Upper part made of soft material is provided with braces and inner bridges to fix position of upper part relative to power unit and with spaces formed in wall of upper part made of gas tight material and filled with gas lighter-than-air and communicating with reservoir through valve for delivery of gas lighter-than-air into said spaces.

EFFECT: ecologically clean generation of electric energy of different power.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of electric power and is intended for the production of electricity using non-traditional renewable sources, namely the air flow resulting from the natural difference in air pressure above the ground and at altitude.

A device for generating electricity is known, comprising a vertically mounted pipe with a wall of a housing of variable cross section with expansion in the upper and lower sections and a narrowing in the middle part of the pipe, in which a propeller turbine connected to the rotor of the electric generator is placed (see US patent No. 4016725 A, IPC 7 F02C 1/04, 04/12/1977).

However, this device requires heating the air in the lower part of the pipe and at the same time does not allow to obtain significant power due to the design of the electric generator.

The closest to the invention in technical essence and the achieved result is a device for generating electricity, which contains a vertically mounted housing with an internal channel of variable cross section with a narrowing in the middle part of the housing, in which there is a multi-stage propeller turbine connected to a cylindrical rotor of an electric generator made magnetic or with the field winding, and equipped with a cone-shaped nozzle in the lower part, while the inner channel is open from the upper end of the housing, openings are made in the lower part of the housing for controlled air flow through a control system, which also has an electronic part to stabilize the parameters of the electric current, the generator stator is made in the form of two cylindrical shells mounted on the housing coaxially relative to the rotor and equipped with electric windings, the rotor mounted on a magnetic suspension and a protective cap is installed with the possibility of vertical movement above the upper end of the housing (see RU patent No. 2225949, class F03G 7/04, 3/20/2004).

This design of the device allows you to receive electrical energy, however, the implementation of the device with two stators and a rotor located between them complicates the design and leads to an increase in the dimensions of the device, which narrows the scope of use of the device.

The problem to which the present invention is directed, is to simplify the design of the power generating device and expand the scope of its use.

The technical result to which the invention is directed is to increase the reliability of the power generating device by simplifying the design of the electric generator and making the device in the form of a modular design, easily adaptable to specific consumer tasks.

This problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved due to the fact that the stand-alone power generating device contains a power unit, a system for creating an air flow through the power unit and a stabilization and regulation unit for the output voltage, while the power unit is made in the form of a cylindrical hollow vertically mounted housing located inside a stator of an electric generator, inside of which a multistage propeller turbine with an electric rotor enclosing it is installed on a vertical shaft generator, made magnetic or with excitation windings, the vertical shaft of the turbine is mounted on the upper and lower magnetic bearings, each of which is formed by a magnet made of a magnet installed in the conical cavity of the magnetic base, and the magnetic base of the upper magnetic support is installed above the rotor, the magnetic base of the lower the magnetic support is located below the rotor, and the cone and conical cavity of the base are facing with the same magnetic poles towards each other, the system of creating an air flow h The power unit consists of two parts: the lower one, on which the power unit is located, and the upper one, attached on top of the power unit, the lower part being made in the form of a cylindrical shell and designed to create an air flow at the inlet to the power unit, and the upper part is made in the form of a pipe made of hard or soft airtight material, and the upper part made of soft material is provided with extensions and internal jumpers to fix the position of the upper part relative to the power unit and is formed bubbled into the wall of the upper portion of the cavity of the gas impermeable material, filled with lighter than air gas and communicating with the reservoir through the valve for supplying a gas lighter than air into the cavity.

During the study of various designs of power generating devices, it was found that the most rational implementation of a device consisting of three functional parts: 1) a power unit, 2) an air flow creation system and 3) a stabilization and regulation unit for the output voltage depending on the needs of the consumer.

Electricity is generated in a power unit that converts the kinetic energy of the air stream into electrical energy.

The system for creating an air flow consists of two parts, the lower part is designed for mounting a power block on it and provides a laminar air supply to the propeller turbine, and the upper one provides the necessary pressure difference and, accordingly, air flow, affecting the power of the device. The upper part, having a cylindrical shape, can be made both with rigid walls (with a total low height of the device), and with soft airtight walls (with a total height of hundreds of meters) having internal cavities for filling with gas lighter than air, providing a vertical arrangement of the upper part , its rise (inflation) and a system of stretch marks and internal jumpers, which give the structure a cylindrical shape and hold it upright in case of wind.

The stabilization and regulation unit of the output voltage allows you to convert the EMF induced in the stator of the device into the electric current parameters necessary for the consumer. Depending on the purpose of the device, it can be either direct or alternating current, of different voltage and frequency.

Thus, the design of the device is easily assembled and quickly put into operation, since the modular design of the device allows you to create modules that are fully prepared for work at the installation site, which reduces the likelihood of errors by staff during assembly and preparation for operation of the power generating device.

Figure 1 schematically shows a longitudinal section of a power unit and figure 2 schematically shows a longitudinal section of a stand-alone power generating device.

The self-contained electric generating device comprises a power unit (see Fig. 1), which consists of a vertically mounted cylindrical body 1, inside which a multi-stage propeller turbine 2 is placed, connected to a rotor 3 of an electric generator enclosing it, made magnetically or with an excitation winding. Around the rotor 3 are coaxially placed electrical windings forming the stator 4 of the electric generator. The shaft of the turbine 2 and at the same time of the rotor 3 is mounted on magnetic bearings - upper and lower. Each magnetic support consists of a base 5 with a conical cavity and a cone 6 located in the conical cavity and facing the latter with the same magnetic pole. The implementation of the cone 6 and the base 5 with a conical cavity makes it possible to center the rotor 3 relative to the stator 4.

The system for creating the necessary air flow (see Fig. 2) consists of two parts, the lower part 7 is designed to fasten the power unit on it and provide a laminar regime of air supply to the propeller turbine 2. The upper part 8, which has a cylindrical shape, can be, as described above, made of soft airtight material, while the upper part 8 is made with cavities 9 of gas-tight material for filling with gas lighter than air, providing a vertical arrangement of the upper part 8 (inflating and lifting m). The system of stretch marks 10 and internal jumpers 11 gives the structure a cylindrical shape and holds upright in case of wind. To compensate for gas leaks, the internal cavities are connected to the reservoir 12, which contains a supply of gas, and to curl the structure and discharge gas lighter than air from the cavities 9, a controlled valve 13 is used. A canopy 14 can be installed over the upper part 9, which serves to protect the power unit from precipitation. The air flow through the power unit is regulated at the entrance to the latter by a damper, for example a horizontal damper 15.

For low-power devices (for example, for street lighting poles), it is possible to manufacture the upper part 8 from rigid material without a system of extensions 10 and internal jumpers 11.

The stabilization and regulation unit of the output voltage 16 is used to convert the EMF induced in the stator of the device into the electric current parameters necessary for the consumer (constant, variable, frequency, number of phases), and is made depending on the purpose of the device.

Autonomous power generating device operates as follows.

When the shutter 15 is opened through the lower part 7, due to the difference in air pressure near the ground and at the height of the upper part of the device, a continuous air flow enters the power unit (see Fig. 1). The air flow, exerting pressure on the blades of the turbine 2, rigidly connected to the rotor 3, rotates the rotor of the generator. The rotor 3, being magnetic, rotating, induces an EMF in the stator windings 4, an electric current arises, the parameters of which are brought to the required consumer by the stabilization and regulation unit of the output voltage 16. The elements of the generator are cooled by the air flow passing through the device. To protect against atmospheric influences, a canopy located above the upper part 8 is used. Magnetic bearings minimize friction losses, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of turbine 2, while simultaneously ensuring the long-term operation of the device.

The calculations show that the installed capacity of the device can range from tens of kW (the height of the device is several tens of meters with a rotor diameter of 2 to 2 m) to several MW (height is hundreds of meters, the diameter of the rotor is 2 to 10 m). The power of the proposed device depends on the air flow through the power unit, the efficiency of the turbine, the diameter and design of the rotor. The indicated parameters (first of all, air flow) can be regulated to a considerable extent. Thus, it is possible to satisfy the electricity needs of both domestic and industrial consumers.

The device may have the following practical applications:

For industrial purposes, as the main or backup (emergency) source of electricity for:

- power supply of energy-intensive industries;

- electrochemistry (electrolysis processes, in particular hydrogen production);

- electric transport;

- power supply of remote and inaccessible areas;

- road (street) lighting;

- providing electricity to industrial enterprises with seasonal or fluctuating electricity needs throughout the day;

- conducting rescue operations.

Of particular note is the possibility of maximizing the approximation of energy generation to the final consumer, which does not require the creation of a network of transmission and distribution infrastructure. And taking into account the environmental cleanliness and safety of the process, as well as the low cost of the generated energy, energy generation, we can talk about the economic efficiency of the widespread use of the proposed device.

For domestic purposes, the device can be used as an autonomous source of energy for housing and communal needs (energy supply, lighting, heat supply, water heating) in villages, private and multi-apartment buildings, conversion of housing and communal services (boiler houses) from hydrocarbon fuel to electricity. Replacing natural gas used for domestic purposes and motor vehicles with hydrogen, etc.

Claims (1)

An autonomous power generating device comprising a power unit, a system for generating air flow through the power unit, and an output voltage stabilization and regulation unit, wherein the power unit is made in the form of a cylindrical hollow vertically mounted housing with an electric generator stator located inside it, inside which a multi-stage is mounted on a vertical shaft propeller turbine with a rotor of an electric generator enveloping it, made magnetic or with field windings, vertical The turbine’s main shaft is mounted on the upper and lower magnetic supports, each of which is formed by a cone made of magnet and mounted in the conical cavity of the magnetic base, the magnetic base of the upper magnetic support mounted above the rotor, the magnetic base of the lower magnetic support located below the rotor, and the cone and conical the base cavity faces the same magnetic poles towards each other, the system for creating an air flow through the power unit consists of two parts: the lower one, on which the power unit is located block, and the upper one, attached from above to the power block, while the lower part is made in the form of a cylindrical shell and is designed to create an air flow at the entrance to the power block, and the upper part is made in the form of a pipe made of hard or soft airtight material, made of soft the material of the upper part is provided with braces and internal jumpers for fixing the position of the upper part relative to the power block and the cavities formed from the gas-tight material formed in the wall of the upper part, filled nnym gas lighter than air and communicated with the reservoir through the valve for supplying a gas lighter than air into the cavity.

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