RU2300883C2 - Method for preventing and treating cattle leukosis (variants) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary science.

SUBSTANCE: the innovation deals with supplementing the diet with iodinated common salt and a medicinal preparation perorally as metronidasol and a preparation of sulfanyl amide group. Additionally, one should introduce a diuretic, and as medicinal preparation one should additionally use penicillin sodium salt intramuscularly and 0.5%-metronidasol solution intravenously. Moreover, for pregnant cows of dairy herd the preparations should be introduced once annually for the whole productive period in the following sequence: a 6-d-long course up to calving dealing with introducing metronidasol at the dosage of 1.5 g/animal and norsulfasol or sulfadimezine at the dosage of 1 g/animal. At calving day it is necessary to inject intravenously 0.5%-metronidasol solution at the dosage of 200 ml/animal thrice in 8 h. Since the 2^nd to the 5^th d inclusively it is important to introduce metronidasol perorally at the dosage of 2.5 g/animal and norsulfasol or sulfadimezine at the dosage of 1 g/animal. Since the 6^th to the 15^th d inclusively one should inject intramuscularly penicillin sodium salt at the dosage of 2 mln U/animal - twice daily. On the 16^th d one should inject intravenously 0.5%-metronidasol solution at the dosage per 200 ml/animal thrice in 8 h. With prophylactic purpose for stud bulls it is necessary to introduce preparations twice annually at 6-mo-long intervals according to the following scheme: during the 1^st and the 2^nd d - intravenously 0.5%-metronidasol solution at the dosage of 300 ml/animal thrice at 8-10-h-long interval. Since the 3d to the 5^th d inclusively - perorally metronidasol at the dosage of 2.5 g/animal and norsulfasol or streptocid at the dosage of 2 g/animal. Since the 6^th to the 15^th d - intramuscularly penicillin sodium salt at the dosage per 3 mln U/animal twice daily. On the 16^th d - intravenously 0.5%-metronidasol solution at the dosage of 300 ml/animal thrice in 8 h. With prophylactic purpose for cattle youngsters the preparations should be introduced starting since 1-mo age according to the following scheme: during the 1^st d - intravenously 0.5%-metronidasol solution at the dosage of 10 ml/animal thrice at 8-10-h-long interval. During ten days - perorally metronidasol at the dosage of 0.125 g/animal and norsulfasol at the dosage of 0.5 g/animal once daily. On the 13^th and the 14^th d - intravenously 0.5%-metronidasol solution at the dosage of 10 ml/animal thrice at 8-10-h-long interval, for 4-mo-aged calves during the first 2 days - intravenously 0.5%-metronidasol solution at the dosage of 20 ml/animal thrice at 8-10-h-long interval. During 18 days - perorally metronidasol at the dosage of 0.5g/animal and norsulfasol at the dosage of 0.5g/animal once daily, for 6-mo-aged calves during 10 days running - intramuscularly penicillin sodium salt at the dosage of 500 thousand U/animal twice daily. For 12-mo-aged calves during the first 2 days - intravenously 0.5%-metronidasol solution at the dosage of 100 ml/animal thrice at 8-10-h-long interval, since the 3d to the 5^th d inclusively - perorally metronidasol at the dosage of 1 g/animal and norsulfasol or streptocid at the dosage of 1 g/animal once daily, since the 6^th to the 12^th d inclusively - intramuscularly penicillin sodium salt at the dosage of 1 mln U/animal twice daily. For 17-mo-aged calves during the first 2 days - intravenously 0.5%-metronidasol solution at the dosage of 150 ml/animal thrice at 8-10-h-long interval; since the 3d to the 5^th d - perorally metronidasol at the dosage of 1.5 g/animal and norsulfasol at the dosage of 1 g/animal; for 18-mo-aged calves before pairing for 10 d - intramuscularly penicillin sodium salt at the dosage of 1 mln U/animal twice daily. The innovation is of high efficiency and enables to shorten the terms of therapy along with widened groups of animals under treatment and increased action of medicinal preparations.

EFFECT: higher efficiency.

3 cl

Description

The invention relates to veterinary medicine and can be used for the treatment and prevention of leukemia in cattle (cattle).

There are known developments of the All-Russian Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine (WIEV) for combating cattle leukemia aimed at developing health and preventive measures based on monitoring animals, quarterly examining them and removing identified infected animals from the herd (see Veterinary newspaper. - No. 8. - 2001. - S.4-5).

A known method for the prevention of cattle leukemia by administering vaccines developed by VIEV (see Veterinary newspaper. - No. 8. - 2001. - C.5).

A disadvantage of the known methods is that they do not provide for the treatment of sick animals, and the vaccines were tested only in laboratory conditions.

Closest to the claimed is a method for the prevention and treatment of cattle leukemia, including the administration of a drug in the form of metronidazole once a day for 30 days at intervals of 6 months with the simultaneous introduction of iodized sodium chloride into the diet, while for therapeutic purposes metronidazole is administered dose of 1.0 g / head., iodized table salt at a dose of 70-90 g / goal. and an additionally administered sulfanilamide preparation at a dose of 1.0 g / head .; for prophylactic purposes, the animals are administered metronidazole and iodized table salt from 6 months to 18 months of age in the following doses, g / goal: metronidazole 0.25; 0.5 and 1.0; iodized sodium chloride 30.0; 50.0 and 70.0, moreover, from the age of 12 months, an additional sulfonamide preparation is administered in doses of 0.5 and 1.0 mg / g, respectively.

The disadvantage of this method is the ineffectiveness of the treatment of pregnant cows. As practice has shown, miscarriages are observed in 2.5-5% of treated animals, and in 50% of treated groups of animals, relapse occurs after artificial insemination due to the content of leukemia pathogens in frozen semen.

The technical result of the claimed technical solution is to increase the effectiveness of treatment by enhancing the action of drugs, expanding groups of treated animals while reducing treatment time.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method for the prevention and treatment of leukemia in cattle - cows, bulls, young cattle, including the introduction of iodized sodium chloride and oral medication into the diet, which is used metronidazole and a sulfonamide group drug, a diuretic is additionally administered, and as a medicine, they additionally use intramuscularly penicillin sodium salt and intravenously a 0.5% solution of metronidazole, while the preparations for pregnant cows LfTetanus herd administered once a year over the production period in sequence and periodicity carried shestidnevnyy course of the day before the anticipated calving, which comprises administering metronidazole at a dose of 1.5 g / bird. and norsulfazole or sulfademinisine at a dose of 1 g / head .; on the day of calving, a 0.5% solution of metronidazole is administered intravenously at a dose of 200 ml / goal. three times in 8 hours; from the second day to the fifth day, metronidazole is administered orally at a dose of 2.5 g / goal. and norsulfazole or sulfademinisine at a dose of 1 g / head .; from the sixth to the fifteenth day inclusively injected penicillin sodium salt at a dose of 2 million units / goal - twice a day; on the sixteenth day, a 0.5% solution of metronidazole is administered intravenously at a dose of 200 ml / goal. three times in 8 hours.

In addition, in the method for the prevention and treatment of leukemia in cattle - cows, bulls, young cattle, including the introduction of iodized sodium chloride and an oral drug into the diet, which uses metronidazole and a preparation of the sulfonamide group, a diuretic is additionally introduced, and as additionally intramuscularly use penicillin sodium salt and intravenously a 0.5% solution of metronidazole, while for prophylactic purposes bulls are injected with the drug twice a year with an interval of six months according to the scheme: on the first and second days, a 0.5% solution of metronidazole is administered intravenously at a dose of 300 ml / goal. three times with an interval of 8-10 hours; from the third to the fifth day, metronidazole is administered orally at a dose of 2.5 g / goal. and norsulfazole or sulfadimezin or streptocid at a dose of 2 g / head .; from the sixth day to the fifteenth day, penicillin sodium salt is administered intramuscularly at a dose of 3 million units / goal 2 times a day, on the sixteenth day a 0.5% solution of metronidazole is administered intravenously at a dose of 300 ml / goal. three times in 8 hours.

In addition, in the method for the prevention and treatment of leukemia in cattle - cows, bulls, young cattle, including the introduction of iodized sodium chloride and an oral drug into the diet, which uses metronidazole and a preparation of the sulfonamide group, a diuretic is additionally introduced, and as the drug additionally uses intramuscularly penicillin sodium salt and intravenously a 0.5% solution of metronidazole, with the prophylactic administration of young cattle they become inactive from a month of age according to the scheme: on the first day, a 0.5% solution of metronidazole is administered intravenously at a dose of 10 ml / goal. three times with an interval of 8-10 hours; ten days, metronidazole is administered orally at a dose of 0.125 g / goal. and norsulfazole at a dose of 0.5 g / goal. Once a day, on the thirteenth and fourteenth days, a 0.5% solution of metronidazole is administered intravenously at a dose of 10 ml / goal. three times with an interval of 8-10 hours, 4-month-old calves during the first two days are injected intravenously with a 0.5% solution of metronidazole at a dose of 20 ml / goal. three times with an interval of 8-10 hours; for eighteen days, metronidazole is administered orally at a dose of 0.5 g / goal. and norsulfazole at a dose of 0.5 g / goal. once a day; For 10 months in a row, 6-month-old calves are injected intramuscularly with penicillin sodium salt at a dose of 500 thousand units / head 2 times a day; During the first two days, 12-month-old calves are injected intravenously with a 0.5% solution of metronidazole at a dose of 100 ml / goal. three times with an interval of 8-10 hours; from the third day to the fifth day, metronidazole is administered orally at a dose of 1 g / goal. and norsulfazole or streptocid at a dose of 1 g / goal. once a day; from the sixth to the twelfth day inclusively injected penicillin sodium salt at a dose of 1 million units / goal 2 times a day; During the first two days of 17 months, a 0.5% solution of metronidazole is administered intravenously at a dose of 150 ml / goal. three times with an interval of 8-10 hours; from the third to the fifth day, metronidazole is administered orally at a dose of 1.5 g / goal. and norsulfazole at a dose of 1 g / head .; 18 months before mating, penicillin is injected intramuscularly with sodium salt at a dose of 1 million units / goal 2 times a day for ten days.

Leukemia cattle ranks first in the frequency of diseases among diseases of farm animals. The economic damage caused by leukemia to livestock production reaches considerable size, especially in breeding farms, due to the death of young animals, forced slaughter, decreased milk productivity, forced culling of sick animals and their offspring, disposal of carcasses and internal organs with leukemic changes, milk utilization or its use after boiling for fattening animals, malnutrition of young animals, restrictions on the sale of young animals, breeding breeding.

Such a rapid spread of cattle leukemia in the country (1958-2000) was facilitated by the following factors:

1. The creation of a black-motley breed of cattle, accompanied by:

- unsystematic and uncontrolled importation of captured Ostfriesian cattle into the country during the war years and after (1941-1958). At the beginning of the 60s, there were already animals with leukemia in the Omsk railway station. And, nevertheless, breeding bull-calves were sold from this farm throughout the country until the end of the 80s;

- the widespread introduction of artificial insemination of cattle (1956-1958) and the planned import of imported cattle of black-motley breed, pedigree heifers and gobies (Dutch, Swedish, Ostfries, Danish, Holstein-Friesian breeds).

2. The lack of knowledge of this disease.

Modern official science (veterinary and medical) is firmly on the viral theory of the occurrence of leukemia. V. Nachmanson in his book "Leukemia of cattle" notes: "... numerous molecular biological and electron microscopic studies have established the viral nature of cattle leukemia", "... what is the occurrence, development and spread of cattle leukemia cattle leukemia virus and factors ensuring its pathogenic property are involved. ”

The author believes that one of the factors, and the main factor in the manifestation of the pathogenic actions of the virus, is the simplest of the Flageelat subclass of the Tricho-monadidae family, order Polumastigita Emend. This is an obligate agamic breeding, cyst and spore-forming, aerobic parasite cell. In nature, more than 100 species of tricho monads are known. In the mammalian organism, three types of trichomonas parasitize: oral, gastroid (gastrointestinal) and vaginal. Well studied trichomonas vaginal. Two types of trichomonads were found in the gastrointestinal tract of cattle: t. Pavlove and t. Interius (Veterinary Encyclopedia, 1987).

The main, primary pathway of cattle infection with Trichomonas is the oral cavity and the gastrointestinal tract. With blood lymph through the gastrointestinal tract, Trichomonas (gastroid) enters the bloodstream and spreads throughout the body. First of all, Trichomonas is colonized in the reproductive organs and systems. Penetrating blood into the genitals of the male, trichomonas enters with seminal fluid and spermatozoa, with coition in the genital tract of the female, localized in its genitals, in the mammary gland, accumulating in colostrum. The placental barrier does not allow the protozoa to enter the bloodstream of the fetus, and it becomes infected after birth through the oral cavity, causing dyspepsia of the newborn calf (DNM). Newborn young animals, as a rule, are born with good live weight, healthy, and DNM occurs immediately as soon as the first portion of colostrum is fed to the calf. Dyspepsia of a newborn young cattle is a disease of the gastrointestinal tract, which is expressed in profuse diarrhea with subsequent dehydration of the whole organism and its death during the first two to three days from the day of birth. The young growth is very high.

Analyzing the accumulated modern scientific material and analyzing his own long-term observations (45 years), the author came to the conclusion that cattle leukemia is a protozoan-viral infection with complex symbiosis of the simplest (trichomonas) and virus, with a sluggish current pathogenesis that lasts for years, while trichomonas in the body plays the role of an intermediate host: there is Trichomonas - there will be a virus, there will be no Trichomonas - there will be no virus.

Improving the effectiveness of prevention and treatment of cattle leukemia in the claimed technical solution is achieved by destroying trichomonads directly in the blood by administering metronidazole intravenously with a reduction in treatment time to 16 days and treating bulls whose semen packaged in granules contains Trichomonas in active form and is the source infection of female cattle.

A method for the prevention and treatment of cattle leukemia involves the treatment of deep-skinned cows 6 days before the expected calving and after calving for 16 days. This treatment prevents the following pathologies: retention of the placenta, pathological gynecology and dyspepsia of the newborn young.

The developed and tested method for the prevention and treatment of cattle leukemia using a complex of drugs that are widely used in medical and veterinary practice, has shown high efficiency in treating cattle leukemia at the stage of virus carriage and hematology in the initial stage.

The method provides for good nutrition (maintaining a sugar-protein ratio> 1), the absence of iodine deficiency due to the inclusion of iodized sodium chloride or coyote in the diet, the introduction of diuretics in the form of beer grains - a diuretic for the removal of toxins resulting from the breakdown of cysts of gastroid trichomonas, the introduction of drugs in the declared doses with the following frequency:

- manufacturing bulls - 2 times a year during the entire period of use in a random network;

- dairy herd cows - 6 days before calving and 16 days after calving (starting from the day of calving) once a year;

- young cattle - treatment for the first 17 months - in 1 month; at 4 months; at 6 months; at 12 months; at 17 months (one month before insemination).

Before starting treatment, it is necessary to conduct a blood test of animals of this population in serology (immune diffusion (RID) and hematology (white blood cell counts).

Using previous experience in treating young animals, the author adjusted the dosage of drugs, the frequency and methods of administration of drugs to young cattle.

The results of the treatment of leukemia of cattle of dairy herds in the period from 2001 to 2004 are shown in the table.

An analysis of the table showed that during an initial study in 2001 of cows' blood serum on the immune diffusion reaction (RID) after treating them in 2000 for 30 days according to the method protected in paragraph 2212887, there was a lack of cattle leukemia virus antibodies in the blood (see table, gr. 5), which confirms the absence of leukemia herd infection after treatment.

At the end of 2001 and the beginning of 2002, artificial insemination was carried out (see table, column 6) by the sperm of a Holstein-Friesian bull breed “Chestnut 257”. At the next study in 2002 (05.07.02) of serum of cows' blood serology on the reaction of immune diffusion and hematology, the presence of bovine leukemia virus antibodies (RID +) and an increased white blood cell count were observed in the blood, which confirmed the infection of the herd with leukemia after artificial insemination due to the content of frozen semen pathogens of leukemia. This confirms the need for treatment of bulls from leukemia.

Treatment of cows of the herd according to the claimed method (see table, column 10) was carried out from 10.01.03 to 01.25.03 for 16 days. Another hematology blood test of March 23, 03, showed the physiological norm of the white blood cell count (see table, column 11), that is, the absence of the disease. The treatment of two cows "Vesta" and "Butterflies" of individuals in January 2004 (see table, column 12) according to the claimed method showed its effectiveness, as confirmed by a blood test (04.25.04) - the white blood cell count in the blood is normal .

A method that provides effective treatment and prevention of cattle leukemia while reducing treatment time, allowing the production of domestic safe food, will find industrial application.

Claims (3)

1. A method for the prevention and treatment of cattle leukemia, including the introduction into the diet of iodized sodium chloride and an oral drug, which is used metronidazole and a sulfonamide group drug, characterized in that it is additionally administered a diuretic, and additionally used intramuscularly as a drug penicillin sodium salt and an intravenous 0.5% solution of metronidazole, while preparations are given to pregnant dairy herd cows once a year throughout of the production period in the following order and the periodicity is performed six-day course of the day intended to calving, which comprises administering metronidazole at a dose of 1.5 g / bird. and norsulfazole or sulfademinisine at a dose of 1 g / goal., On the day of calving, a 0.5% solution of metronidazole is administered intravenously at a dose of 200 ml / goal. three times after 8 hours, from the second day to the fifth day, metronidazole is orally administered at a dose of 2.5 g / goal. and norsulfazole or sulfademinisine at a dose of 1 g / gol., from the sixth to the fifteenth day inclusively injected penicillin sodium salt at a dose of 2 million units / gol. twice a day, on the sixteenth day, a 0.5% solution of metronidazole is administered intravenously at a dose of 200 ml / goal. three times after 8 hours 2. A method for the prevention and treatment of cattle leukemia, including the introduction into the diet of iodized sodium chloride and an oral drug, which is used metronidazole and a sulfonamide group drug, characterized in that it is additionally injected with a diuretic, and additionally used intramuscularly as a drug penicillin sodium salt and an intravenous 0.5% solution of metronidazole, while for prophylactic purposes, bulls are injected with drugs twice a year with an interval of six months according to the scheme: on the first and second days, a 0.5% solution of metronidazole is administered intravenously at a dose of 300 ml / goal. three times with an interval of 8-10 hours, from the third to the fifth day inclusive, metronidazole is administered orally at a dose of 2.5 g / goal. and norsulfazole, or sulfadimezin, or streptocid at a dose of 2 g / goal., from the sixth to the fifteenth day, penicillin sodium salt is administered intramuscularly at a dose of 3 million units / goal. 2 times a day, on the sixteenth day, a 0.5% solution of metronidazole is administered intravenously at a dose of 300 ml / goal. three times after 8 hours 3. A method for the prevention and treatment of cattle leukemia, including the introduction into the diet of iodized sodium chloride and an oral drug, which is used metronidazole and a sulfonamide group drug, characterized in that it is additionally administered a diuretic, and additionally used intramuscularly as a drug penicillin sodium salt and an intravenous 0.5% solution of metronidazole, while for prophylactic purposes, the administration of young cattle to young animals begins with a month 1st age according to the scheme: on the first day, a 0.5% solution of metronidazole is administered intravenously at a dose of 10 ml / goal. three times with an interval of 8-10 hours for ten days, metronidazole is administered orally at a dose of 0.125 g / goal. and norsulfazole at a dose of 0.5 g / goal. Once a day, on the thirteenth and fourteenth days, a 0.5% solution of metronidazole is administered intravenously at a dose of 10 ml / goal. three times with an interval of 8-10 hours, 4-month-old calves during the first two days are injected intravenously with a 0.5% solution of metronidazole at a dose of 20 ml / goal. three times with an interval of 8-10 hours, metronidazole is administered orally at a dose of 0.5 g / g for eighteen days. and norsulfazole at a dose of 0.5 g / goal. once a day, for 6 months the calves are injected intramuscularly with penicillin sodium salt at a dose of 500 thousand units / goal. 2 times a day, 12-month-old calves during the first two days are injected intravenously with a 0.5% solution of metronidazole at a dose of 100 ml / goal. three times with an interval of 8-10 hours, from the third to the fifth day inclusive, metronidazole is administered orally at a dose of 1 g / goal. and norsulfazole or streptocid at a dose of 1 g / goal. once a day, from the sixth to the twelfth day inclusively, penicillin is injected intramuscularly with sodium salt at a dose of 1 million units / goal. 2 times a day, 17 months - during the first two days, a 0.5% solution of metronidazole is administered intravenously at a dose of 150 ml / goal. three times with an interval of 8-10 hours, from the third to the fifth day, metronidazole is administered orally at a dose of 1.5 g / goal. and norsulfazole at a dose of 1 g / head., 18 months before mating for ten days, intramuscularly penicillin sodium salt at a dose of 1 million units / goal. 2 times a day.