RU2296341C1 - Mode of definition of the coordinates of a radiation source - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: the invention refers to radio technique.

SUBSTANCE: it may be used in navigational, direction finding, location means for definition of location of a priori unknown radiation source. At preparatory stage the mode includes processes of definition of the number of elementary zones and the volumes of surveying and the coordinates of their centers, of calculation for central and R periphery direction finding stations with known coordinates the meanings of reference true bearings of the direction finding stations relatively to the coordinates of the location of the centers of each elementary zone or the volume of surveying. At the working stage the proposed mode includes processes of reception of the signal of the radiation source with the group out of R≥1 of interconnected periphery and central direction finding stations, of measurements of the true bearings of the direction finding stations at the outputs of antenna elements. At that the true bearings of the direction finding stations measured by periphery direction finding stations are transmitted to the central direction finding station, calculations for each elementary zone or each volume of surveying of difference

between reference and measured true bearings of the direction finding stations, extraction from received sums of the minimal and the coordinates of the location of the center of the elementary zone or the volume of surveying corresponding min

are taken for the coordinates of the detected radiation source, in quality of the true bearings of the direction finding stations meanings of differences of the phases of the signals of all possible pair combinations of the antenna elements in the frames of each direction finding station are used.

EFFECT: definition with high accuracy of the location of the radiation source.

31

Description

The inventive method for determining the coordinates of a source of radio emission relates to radio engineering and can be used in navigation, direction finding, location tools to determine the location of an a priori unknown source of radio emission (IRI).

The known differential-ranging method for determining the coordinates of the source of radio emission (see Pat. RU No. 2000129837, publ. 10/20/2002, Pat. RU No. 2204145, publ. 05/10/2003). It consists in the reception and measurement of delays Δτ _i , a signal by a group of receiving points interconnected with a known location, solving hyperbolic equations at a central receiving point, on the basis of which the coordinates of the radio source are determined.

The disadvantage of analogs is unacceptably large errors in the location of the IRI in situations where the IRI emits pulses with a high repetition rate. So, in the case when the pulse repetition period of the IRI is less than the maximum delay time at least at one of the lateral (peripheral) posts, there is an ambiguity in the measurement of coordinates, which is almost impossible to eliminate (see Smirnov Yu.A. Radio-technical intelligence. - M .: Military Publishing House, 2001, p. 323-324). In addition, this method of positioning places high demands on the system of uniform time and speed of information exchange, which also complicates the implementation of these technical solutions.

The well-known "Method for determining the coordinates of a moving source of radio emission with unknown parameters" according to Pat. RU No. 2001125859, publ. 06/10/2003, it implements a goniometric differential-ranging method of positioning, which is based on the reception, extraction and processing of direct radiation from the IRI, measuring the angular directions and frequency of the received signal, receiving the signal by the second receiving device, the antenna of which is moved relative to the first antenna at a given speed , measuring the frequency of IRI, calculating the projection of a given speed relative to moving in the direction to the source of radio emission, calculating the displacement radiation source at each moment of measurement, range, azimuth and frequency.

The analogue method allows you to determine the location of a mobile IRI, however, it also has inherent disadvantages inherent in correlation estimation methods: the system is not protected from the effects of coherent interference, has insufficient accuracy of the IRI location, especially in complex signal-noise conditions (see Loginov N.A. Actual issues radio monitoring in the Russian Federation. - M .: Radio and communications, 2000, p.128-145).

The well-known "Method for determining the coordinates of the IRI" described in US Pat. US No. 4728959, IPC G 01 S 5/04, publ. 08/08/1986. It includes receiving signals from radio sources in a given frequency band ΔF by a group of R≥1 interconnected peripheral and central direction finding stations with a known location, measuring primary spatial information parameters, converting primary spatial information parameters to direction parameters on direction finding points : azimuthal angle Θ and elevation angle β using the Hilbert transform, determining the level of confidence in the results obtained using the CI-square method , transferring the results of measurements of spatial parameters from peripheral direction-finding points to the central direction-finding point, determining the location of the IRI by solving a system of non-linear equations by the least square method.

The analogue method allows to increase the accuracy of determining the coordinates of radio emission sources in a complex signal-noise environment, typical for urban conditions.

However, this analogue also has insufficient accuracy in measuring the coordinates of radio emission sources due to the fact that it implements two-stage processing of measurement results.

In the book (Kondratyev BC et al. Multiposition Radio Engineering Systems / BC Kondratyev, A.F. Kotov, L.N. Markov; Edited by Prof. V.V. Tsvetnova. - M.: Radio and Communications, 1989 - 264 c.) it has been shown that, due to the fundamental non-linearity of both stages of processing, all optimization methods for positioning systems with two-stage processing give worse results in accuracy than with optimal one-stage processing (see ibid., p. 13).

Closest to the technical nature of the claimed is the "Method and device for determining the coordinates of the source of radio emission" described in Pat. RU No. 2263328, IPC 7 G 01 S 5/04, publ. 10/27/2005 in bull. No. 30. At the preparatory stage, the method includes calculating the number N = S / S _{0 of} elementary binding zones, where S and S ₀ are the areas of the control zone and the elementary binding zone, determining the location coordinates of the centers of the elementary binding zones, assigning to each elementary binding zone a serial number b _{0, n,} b ₀ = 1, 2, ..., N, the calculation for the central and peripheral R DF claims antenna system each of which includes M> 2 antenna elements, the reference values of the primary parameters spatially information on vyho s A _{r, m} th antenna element, wherein r = 1, 2, ..., R + 1; m = 1, 2, ..., M, relative to the coordinates of the location of the centers of each elementary binding zone, and the reference primary spatial information parameters are calculated for the middle frequencies f _ν = Δf (2ν-1) / 2, where ν = 1, 2 , ..., R; P = ΔF / Δf is the number of frequency subbands; Δf∈ΔF is the width of the frequency subband, during operation, upon detection of a signal from a radio source at a frequency f _{ν, it} includes the measurement of primary spatial information parameters at the outputs A _{r, m-} th antenna elements, and the measured primary spatial information parameters at the outputs of the peripheral antenna elements direction-finding points are transferred to the central direction-finding point, calculating for each b _{0, the} nth elementary zone of the binding of the difference between the reference and measured primary spatially -information parameters, squaring and summing them up, extracting from the N received sums K _{0, n} (f _ν ) the minimum, taking the location coordinates of the center of the elementary binding zone corresponding to the minimum sum minK _{0, n} (f _ν as the location coordinates of the detected radio emission source )

The prototype method allows to increase the accuracy of determining the coordinates of the source of radio emission in a complex signal-noise environment, characteristic of rough terrain and urban conditions. A positive effect in the prototype is achieved through the implementation of one-stage processing of measurement results, and therefore, a more complete account of information about the signal field at the points of its reception.

However, the prototype method has a significant drawback consisting in the lack of the ability to measure the spatial coordinates {X, Y, Z) of IRI located above the ground (IRI on board an airplane, helicopter, balloon, roof of a high-rise building, etc.).

The aim of the proposed technical solution is to develop a method for determining the coordinates of a radio source located in space above a given control zone. In addition, the claimed technical solution expands the arsenal of funds for this purpose.

In the claimed method, the goal is achieved by the fact that in the known method for determining the coordinates of the IRI in a given control zone and frequency band ΔF by a group of R≥1 interconnected peripheral and central direction-finding points with a known location, including at the preparatory stage the calculation of the number N = S / S ₀ binding elementary zones, where S ₀ and S -, respectively, the control zone and area binding unit area coordinate determining elementary anchor zones centers location, assigning each elementary zone rivyazki sequence number b _{0, n,} b ₀ = 1, 2, ..., N, the calculation for the central and peripheral R DF claims antenna system each of which includes M> 2 antenna elements, the reference values of the primary parameters spatially information on the outputs of the _{r, mth} antenna element, where r = 1, 2, ..., R + 1; m = 1, 2, ..., M, relative to the coordinates of the location of the centers of each elementary binding zone, and the reference primary spatial information parameters are calculated for the middle frequencies f _ν = Δf (2ν-1) / 2, where ν = 1, 2 , ..., P; P = ΔF / Δf is the number of frequency subbands; Δf∈ΔF is the width of the frequency subband, during operation, upon detection of a signal from a radio source at a frequency f _{ν, it} includes the measurement of primary spatial information parameters at the outputs A _{r, m-} th antenna elements, and the measured primary spatial information parameters at the outputs of the peripheral antenna elements direction-finding points are transferred to the central direction-finding point, calculating for each b _{0, the} nth elementary zone of the binding of the difference between the reference and measured primary spatially -information parameters, squaring and summing them up, extracting from the N received sums K _{0, n} (f _ν ) the minimum, taking the location coordinates of the center of the elementary binding zone corresponding to the minimum sum minK _{0, n} (f _ν as the location coordinates of the detected radio emission source ), at the preparatory stage, the space above the control zone is evenly divided into H layers. Each layer is assigned a serial number h, h = 1, 2, ..., H. Each layer is divided into elementary binding volumes. Assign to each elementary volume of the binding serial number b _{h, n} ; b _h = 1, 2, ..., N. The coordinates of the location of the centers {X, Y, X} _{h, n of the} elementary volumes of the binding b _{h, n are} determined. Calculate additional reference values of the primary spatial information parameters at the outputs of each A _{r, m-} th antenna element, where r = 1, 2, ..., R + 1; m = 1, 2, ..., M, relative to the coordinates of the location of the centers of each elementary binding volume b _{h, n} . In the process, for each elementary binding volume b _{h, n, the} difference between the reference and measured primary spatial information parameters is calculated, squared and summed. The location coordinates of the center of the elementary zone or the binding volume corresponding to the minimum sum K _{h ', n} (f _ν ), where h' = 0, 1, 2, ..., H, are taken as the location coordinates of the detected source of radio emission.

Thanks to the new set of features in the claimed method, a more complete account of information about the spatial parameters of the signal at R + 1 points of its reception is achieved. This led to a positive effect in the form of the ability to determine the location of the IRI, located in the space above the control zone. The indicated capabilities are realized in a one-stage determination of coordinates, which implies a higher accuracy of the IRI location in areas with harsh terrain, mountains, urban conditions and low signal-to-noise ratios. In this case, the claimed technical solution expands the arsenal of funds for this purpose.

The analysis of the prior art allows us to establish that analogues that are characterized by a combination of features that are identical to all the features of the proposed method for determining the coordinates of the radio emission source are absent and, therefore, the claimed object has the novelty property.

The study of known solutions in this and related fields of technology in order to identify signs that match the distinctive features of the prototype of the features of the proposed method showed that it does not follow explicitly from the prior art, from which the influence of transformations provided for by the essential features of the claimed invention is also not known, to achieve the specified result, which allows us to consider the claimed object corresponding to the level of patentability "inventive step".

The claimed method is illustrated by drawings, which show:

figure 1 the order of operations:

a, b) the formation of elementary binding zones and the assignment of a serial number to them;

c) determination of the coordinates of the center of the elementary binding zones;

d) dividing a given frequency band into subbands;

e) uniform partition of the space above the control zone into H layers;

f) dividing the layers into elementary binding volumes and assigning them a serial number;

g) determination of the coordinates of the center of the elementary volumes of the binding;

figure 2 - sector signal processing in the horizontal and vertical planes (θ _min , θ _max , β _min , β _max ) for the r-th direction finding point;

figure 3 - the order of formation In the reference arrays of primary spatial information parameters;

figure 4 - the order of formation of the array of measured spatial information parameters;

figure 5 - the sequence of calculation of the sum K _0,1 (f _ν ) for the first elementary binding zone n = 1, h = 0 and frequency subband V;

Fig.6 is a plot of stresses explaining the formation of the primary spatial information parameters;

figure 7 is a generalized structural diagram of a device for determining the coordinates of a radio emission source that implements the proposed method;

on Fig is a structural diagram of a peripheral direction-finding point;

figure 9 is a structural diagram of a Central direction-finding point;

figure 10 - algorithm for calculating a reference set of primary spatial information parameters;

figure 11 is a structural diagram of a decision block.

The implementation of the proposed method is illustrated as follows. At the preparatory stage, the following operations are performed. The predetermined control zone, within which the location of the IRI is determined (see Fig. 1a), is divided into elementary binding zones (see Fig. 1b). The dimensions of the elementary binding zone, as in the prototype, correspond to the predefined accuracy of location {ΔХ, ΔY}. At the next stage, find the geographical coordinates of the centers of the elementary binding zones {X, Y} _n and assign each of them a serial number b _{0, n} (see fig. 1b, c) from the set n = 1, 2, ..., N. Next, the space is divided over the control zone into H layers. The layer thickness ΔZ corresponds to a predetermined accuracy of determining the IRI in the space above the control zone, for example, 100 m. Each generated spatial layer is assigned a serial number h, h = 1, 2, ..., N. The value of H is determined by the specified maximum height of the estimated space above the zone control and accuracy of estimating the coordinates of the IRI in the vertical plane ΔZ (see fig.1d).

At the next stage of preparatory work, each layer h is divided into elementary binding volumes b _{h, n} (see Fig. 1e). The dimensions of the elementary volumes of the binding should correspond to the predefined location accuracy (ΔX, ΔY, ΔZ), for example, 100 m · 100 m · 100 m. This operation should be performed so that the boundaries of the horizontal projections of the elementary volume of the binding coincide with the boundaries of the elementary zones of the binding (see Fig. 1e). In this case, in each spatial layer h, N elementary binding volumes are formed, which, by analogy with Fig. 1b, are assigned a serial number from the set n = 1, 2, ..., N (see Fig. 1e).

In each elementary binding volume b _{h, n} , the coordinates of the center location {X, Y, Z} _{h, n are} determined.

The entire specified frequency range with a width ΔF is divided into subbands, the dimensions of which Δf are determined by the transmittance bandwidth of the meters (direction finding points) or the values of the standard frequency grid, for example, for the UHF band it is 25 kHz (see Fig. 1d). Subbands, the number of which is P = ΔF / Δf, are also numbered V = 1,2, ..., P.

At the next stage, reference values of the primary spatial information parameters are calculated for the average frequencies of all subbands f _ν = Δf (2V-1) / 2. As the primary spatial information parameters, the phase difference values of the signals Δφ _{m, l} (f _V ) are used for all possible pair combinations of antenna elements within the antenna array of each direction finding (The terms "peripheral and central direction finding points" in the present method are arbitrary, in their function the definition of bearing θ and elevation angle β) of the item is not included.

The choice of Δφ _{m, l} (f _V ) as the primary spatial information parameter is based on the following. One of the most promising directions for the implementation of measuring the spatial parameters of IRI signals is the use of interferometric direction finders (see Loginov N.A. Actual issues of radio monitoring in the Russian Federation. - M.: Radio and Communication, 2000, p.138-139). Interferometers exist of two types: phase and correlation (see ibid., P.138). In the materials Pat. US No. 4728959 "Radio direction finding system", IPC G 01 S 5/04 publ. 08/08/1986, it is noted that in severely rugged terrain and urban conditions, the phase parameters of the signal are less subject to distortion. Also in the book Torrieri DJ Principles of military communications system. Dedham. Massachusetts. Artech House, inc., 1981. - 298 p. It is noted that: "the potential for estimating the angle of arrival of a signal by comparing the phase is higher than that of a correlation interferometer if the evaluated signal is narrow-band and has low carrier frequency instability."

The procedure for calculating the reference primary spatial information parameters is as follows. Enter the coordinates of all direction-finding points and the topology of their antenna systems (AS). In the inventive method, at all direction finding stations use the same antenna arrays of dimension M, M> 2. In the general case, the dimension and shape of the grids of direction finding stations can be different. Data on the topology of the speakers include the values of the mutual distances between the antenna elements of the array and its orientation relative to the north direction. When using an antenna array with a circular equidistant structure, the vector passing through the second antenna element in the direction of the first antenna element is taken as the direction of its orientation. For each direction-finding point, the signal processing sector is determined by azimuth (θ _min , θ _max ) and elevation angle (β _min , β _max ), the required resolution (accuracy) for calculating the angular parameters Δθ and Δβ. The values of θ _min , θ _max , β _min , β _max and Δθ, Δβ are found based on the location of the direction finding point relative to the control zone and the required accuracy of location (ΔX, ΔY, ΔZ). For example, for the r-th direction finding point in figure 2 shows the signal processing sector (sector r) in the horizontal and vertical planes and the values θ _min , θ _max , β _min , β _max . The latter are selected on the basis that the entire control zone falls into the signal processing sector. Similarly, the required accuracy of calculating the angular parameters Δθ and Δβ is determined. The error in determining the parameters θ and β should not lead to location errors exceeding the area of the elementary zone or the volume of the binding. In the process of calculating the reference primary spatial information parameters, the reference source is placed alternately in the center of each elementary zone or binding volume with known coordinates {X, Y} _{0, n} or {X, Y, Z} _{h, n} .

The angular parameters θ _{r, h ', n} and β _{r, h', n of the} signal are calculated for each r-th direction finding point, taking into account the location of the source at B = (H + 1) · N points of the control zone and its removal D _{r, h ', n} .

Next, for each angular parameter θ _{r, h ', n} and β _{r, h', n of the} reference source at the point b _{h ', n, the} values of the phase differences Δφ _{m, l, r, h', n, et} (f _ν ) are calculated for all possible combinations of pairs of antenna elements of the array of all direction finding points and all frequency subbands

- расстояние между m-м антенным элементом и эталонным источником, расположенным в центре b_h',n-ой элементарной зоны или объема привязки; m, l ∈ (1...М), m≠l, X_h',n, Y_h',n, Z_h',n и X_m, Y_m, Z_m - координаты эталонного источника и m-го антенного элемента соответственно.Where

- the distance between the m-th antenna element and the reference source located in the center b _{h ', n-} th elementary zone or the volume of the binding; m, l ∈ (1 ... M), m ≠ l, X _{h ', n} , Y _{h', n} , Z _{h ', n} and X _m , Y _m , Z _m are the coordinates of the reference source and the mth antenna element, respectively.

оформляют в виде B=N(H+1) эталонных массивов данных, вариант представления информации в которых показан на фиг.3. Здесь в рамках первого массива приведена очередность следования эталонной информации для первой элементарной зоны привязки b_0,1эт по всем R+1 пеленгаторным пунктам и Р поддиапазонам частот. Порядок формирования остальных B-1 эталонных массивов данных аналогичен. Расчет и хранение эталонных массивов осуществляется на центральном пеленгаторном пункте.The resulting primary spatial information parameters obtained as a result of calculations (modeling)

make out in the form of B = N (H + 1) reference data arrays, a variant of the presentation of information in which is shown in figure 3. Here, within the framework of the first array, the sequence of reference information for the first elementary binding zone b _{0.1 et} for all R + 1 direction finding points and P frequency subbands is given. The order of formation of the remaining B-1 reference data arrays is similar. Calculation and storage of reference arrays is carried out at a central direction finding point.

измеренные для всех сочетаний пар антенных элементов A_m,l всех Р частотных поддиапазонов, последовательно передают на центральный пеленгаторный пункт. На последнем также измеряют параметры

и совместно с данными, поступившими с периферийных пеленгаторных пунктов, оформляют в R+1 массивов первичных пространственно-информационных параметров.When one or more signals are detected in a given frequency band ΔF, R + 1 arrays of primary spatial information parameters are formed (see Fig. 4), the information presentation structure in which is similar to that described in Fig. 3. For this, at peripheral direction finding stations, the parameters

measured for all combinations of pairs of antenna elements A _{m, l of} all P frequency subbands, sequentially transmit to the Central direction-finding point. The latter also measures the parameters

and together with the data received from the peripheral direction-finding points, draw up in R + 1 arrays of primary spatial information parameters.

Thus, in the proposed method (as in the prototype), the first stage of signal processing at direction finding stations is excluded, and all the necessary information contained in the primary spatial information parameters is transmitted to the central direction finding station. In the framework of the claimed method, the reliability of information about the signal field is achieved:

overall characteristics (spacing between antenna elements) of the antenna array of the direction finding station;

dimension (number of antenna elements M) of the antenna array of the direction-finding point;

characteristics of antenna elements and their relative orientation.

The implementation of these requirements is discussed below in the framework of a device that implements a method for determining the coordinates of a radio source.

In the next step of the proposed method, for each b _{h ',} nth elementary zone or reference volume (see Fig. 5) and each frequency subband in which the signals are detected, the difference between the reference and measured primary spatial information parameters, which squared and summed in accordance with the expression

Figure 5 illustrates the procedure for calculating the sum K _0,1 (f _V ) for the first elementary binding zone b _{0,1 of the} private subband V.

Suppose that in the subband V, the work of the IRI is marked. Initially, R + 1 data arrays of primary spatial information parameters are updated for a given frequency. Further, in accordance with the considered rule, for all elementary zones and binding volumes, the sums K _{h ', n} (f _V ) are found. The minimum sum minK _{h ′, n} (f _V ) is determined from the set B. The coordinates of the location of the center of the elementary zone or the binding volume corresponding to minK _{h ′, n} (f _V ) are taken as the coordinates of the location of the radio emission source detected at frequency f _V.

Thus, all the necessary information about the signal field from several points of reception arrives at the central direction-finding point and is converted into the desired spatial coordinates of the IRI {X, Y, Z} _{h ', n} in one processing step. This achieves high accuracy of measuring the spatial parameters of the signals due to the most complete account of information about the field of the signal in the conditions of its multipath and at low signal-to-noise ratios, characteristic of the prototype method.

Consider the measurement order of the primary spatial information parameters Δφ _{m, l} (f _V ). High-frequency signals synchronously received by the antenna elements A _m and A _l (see FIG. 6 a) in the subband Δf _{V are} converted into electrical signals of an intermediate frequency (see FIG. 6 b). The value of the intermediate frequency is determined by the characteristics of the analog-to-digital converter. The following diagrams of Fig.6 shows the order of conversion of signals received only by the antenna element And _m . The signals received by the antenna element A _l carry out similar transformations.

The intermediate frequency signals are sampled and quantized (see FIG. 6c). The sampling interval is chosen in accordance with the sampling theorem (see Introduction to Digital Filtering. Edited by R. Bogner and A. Konstantinidis. - M .: Mir, 1976, p. 26-27). Most digital signal processing algorithms are designed to work with complex numbers. To transition from real to complex signals, quadrature signal transformations are used. In light of this, four sequences of samples are formed from the digital signals (FIG. 6 c) of both channels (in FIG. 6, two of them for the antenna element A _{m are} represented by diagrams “d”, “g”). In the most general form, the received signal (see figa) U (t) is represented in the form:

where U (t) is the envelope of the signal amplitude; φ (t) is the phase of the signal; ω ₀ is the frequency with respect to which the envelope of the amplitude and phase of the signal are presented.

A more convenient form of representation of the signal u (t) is based on quadrature components:

where V _c (t) = U (t) cosφ (t) and V _s (t) = U (t) sinφ (t) are the quadrature components of the signal. The components V _c (t) and V _s (t) correspond to the real and imaginary parts of the complex envelope U (t) of the signal u (t). For this, the obtained digital samples (Fig.6c) are multiplied by digital samples (Fig.6d, g) of two harmonic signals (Fig.6d, f) of the same frequency, shifted relative to each other by π / 2. Multiplying the original signal u (t) by the signal V (t) = Acosφ (ω ₀ t) leads to the formation of a signal U _c (t) of the form:

If the frequency 2ω ₀ slightly exceeds the maximum rate of phase change φ (t) / 2, then using the low-pass filter, we can select the first term in formula (3)

The signal U _cl (t) extracted using a low-pass filter, up to a constant factor, coincides with the quadrature component V _c (t) (see fig.6z). A feature of the variant of signal decomposition into quadratures shown in Fig. 6 is that the phases of the initial signal (Fig. 6b) and the first (sinusoidal) harmonic signal coincide. As a result, a special case is obtained — all values of the quadrature component V _c (t) are positive (see FIG. 6z).

In a similar manner, a second quadrature component is formed by multiplying the signal U (t) (see FIG. 6c) by the signal

V (t) = Asin (ω ₀ t)

The result of the operation (5) is shown in Fig.6i.

Another order of performing these operations is also possible. The analog signal u (t) of FIG. 6a is divided into two identical signals, after which each of them is multiplied by a corresponding analog harmonic signal of the same frequency. These harmonic signals are phase shifted relative to each other by an angle π / 2 (see fig.6g, e). After decomposition of the analog signal into quadratures, each of them is digitized.

As a result of operations (4) and (5), four sequences of samples are formed (2 for each antenna element A _m and A _l ). In each sequence, a predetermined number T of samples of quadrature components is used for processing. Their number is determined by the impulse response of the digital filters used. To implement this operation, filters with a finite impulse response can be used. The advantage of their use in the direction finder is that obtaining samples from the output of the filter requires receiving at a frequency 1000 times less than the sampling frequency of the signal. For this, the samples of each quadrature component (see Fig. 6z, and) of the signal are multiplied by the samples of the time window (Fig. 6k). As the latter, Hamming, or Blackman, or Kaiser, or triangular or other functions can be used (see Goldenberg L.M. et al. Digital signal processing: Reference / L.M. Goldenberg, B.D. Matyushkin, M .N. Polyak. - M.: Radio and Communications, 1985.- 312 p.).

In the proposed method (by analogy with the prototype) as a temporary window uses the function

where I ₀ [·] is the modified Bessel function of the first kind and zero order;

G is the number of samples of the time window;

α is a parameter that determines the ratio of energy in the Central and side lobes of the frequency response of the filter;

g is the reference number of the time window;

ω _c = π (F _PP -F _PZ ) / F _D ;

F _PP - the border of the filter passband, counted from the center of the filter;

F _PZ - the beginning of the filter delay band, counted from the center of the filter;

F _D - sampling rate.

As a result of the multiplication operation, four corrected sequences of quadrature components are obtained (Fig. 6l, m).

From the corrected sequences, two complex sequences of signal samples are formed. For this, the corresponding samples of the corrected sequences (Fig. 6l, m) of the quadrature components of the signals of the antenna elements are combined in pairs. After performing this operation, both complex sequences of samples are transformed using a discrete Fourier transform

As a result, two transformed sequences are obtained (see FIG. 6h), characterizing the spectra of the sets of signals received in the antenna elements A _m and A _l . Each of these sequences carries information about the phase of the signals received by the corresponding antenna element.

Next, the frequency samples of the converted sequence signal (FIG. 6n) of one antenna element A _m are multiplied in pairs by the corresponding complex conjugate samples of the converted sequence signal at the same frequency of the other antenna element A _l (see FIG. 6p)

where m, l = 1, 2, ..., M; m ≠ l - numbers of antenna elements.

At the final stage, for each pair of antenna elements, the phase difference of the signals Δφ _{m, l} (f _V ) is calculated for the frequencies of the subband V according to the formula (see Fig. 6c)

The value of the phase difference of the signals Δφ _{m, l} (f _V ) _r for all possible pair combinations of antenna elements within each direction finding point r is used as the primary spatial information parameters.

A device that implements the proposed method, structurally presented in Fig.7. It contains R identical peripheral direction-finding points (SPP) and one central direction-finding point (CPP), the structural diagrams of which are presented in Figs. 8, 9, respectively. Direction finding stations are interconnected by communication channels, with the help of which a control system of the "Star" type is implemented. For this purpose, radio communication of the RADIOETHERNET type at frequencies of 2.4 GHz is used.

In the process of the proposed device, the CPP searches for and detects IRI signals in a given frequency band ΔF. When a signal is detected at a frequency f _{ν, the} CPC generates a command to control all the IFs to tune them to a given frequency, which is transmitted at frequencies f ₁ , f ₃ , ..., f _i . In the simplest case, it can be a frequency code f _ν . SPPs are tuned to the frequency f _ν and measure the primary spatial information parameters Δφ _{m, l, ism} (f _ν ) _r , which carry all the necessary information about the signal field at the points of its reception. The measurement results from all the IFPs are fully transmitted to the CPT at frequencies f ₂ , f ₄ , ..., f _{j + 1} . Here, according to the above algorithm, the location of the IRI is determined in one step.

Consider the composition and operation of the CPP (see Fig.9). It contains an antenna array (AR) 1, an antenna switch 2, a two-channel receiver 3, an analog-to-digital converter 4, a Fourier transform unit 5, a unit for calculating the primary spatial information parameters 6, N + 1 storage devices (memory) 7, R + 1 analysis paths 8, synchronization generator 9, R + 1 installation inputs 10, R duplex radio stations 13, R radio modems 14, first adder 15, R + 2-e memory device 16, decision block 17, R + 2 group of installation inputs 18 and the group of information outputs 19.

Each analysis path 8 contains a subtraction unit 20, a multiplier 21, a second adder 22, R + 3-e and R + 4-th storage devices 25 and 23, respectively, and a unit for generating a reference set of primary spatial information parameters 24. Before starting the CPC and the device as a whole describes the spatial characteristics of the antenna arrays 1 (26) of all used direction finding points. For this purpose, the location of each direction finding point is determined, for example, using a GPS topographic reference device (see GPS navigators 12, 12XL. User manual. JJ-CONNECT t. (095) 208-81-36. E-mail: admin @ jj- connect.ru http://www.jjconnect.ru). The mutual distances between the antenna elements of the array 1 (26) are measured, the declination of the antenna array relative to the north direction is determined. The measurement results from all the RFPs are transmitted to the DSP and, via the corresponding buses 10/2, ..., 10 / R + 1, are fed to the inputs of the blocks for the formation of the reference set of primary spatial information parameters 24 of the corresponding analysis path 8. The characteristics of the antenna array 1 of the DSP are entered bus 10/1 of the first analysis path. On the installation bus 18 in the block 17 enter the coordinates of the centers of elementary zones and volumes of binding. In blocks 24 of analysis paths, according to the above algorithm, reference sets of primary spatially informative parameters are calculated, which are subsequently stored in memory devices 25. Suppose that as a result of scanning a two-channel receiver 3 (see Fig. 9) in a given frequency band ΔF at a frequency f _ν signal detected. The frequency code f _ν from the control output of unit 3 is supplied to the first inputs of the radio modems 14 / 1-14 / R. Here it is converted and matched with the input characteristics of the 13 / 1-13 / R duplex transceivers. The generated control signals from the outputs of the respective radio modems 14 are fed to the second inputs of the radio stations 13 and are radiated in radio directions at frequencies f ₁ , f ₃ , ..., f _i .

Let us consider the procedure for measuring primary spatially informative parameters at a centralized testing facility. The signals received by the antenna array 1 at a frequency f _ν are supplied to the corresponding inputs of the antenna switch 2. The antenna switch 2 provides a synchronous connection in a single time interval of any pairs of antenna elements to the reference and signal outputs. As a result, the signals from all possible pairs of AEs of grating 1 are sequentially received in time at both signal inputs of receiver 3. Moreover, all AEs periodically act as signal and reference ones (provided that a fully accessible antenna switch 2 is used). This achieves the maximum set of statistics on the spatial parameters of the electromagnetic field.

The signals (see figa) received at the input of the receiver 3, amplify, filter and transfer to an intermediate frequency (see fig.6b), for example, 10.7 MHz. From the reference and signal outputs of the intermediate frequency of the receiver 3, the signals are fed to the corresponding inputs of the analog-to-digital converter 4, where they are synchronously converted to digital form (see Fig. 6c). The obtained digital samples of the signals of the antenna elements A _m and A _l in block 4 are multiplied by digital samples (see Fig.6d, g) of two harmonic signals of the same frequency (see Fig.6d, e), shifted relative to each other at an angle π / 2. On figs presents the results of this operation (expressions 4 and 5).

As a result, in block 4 four sequences of samples are formed (quadrature components of the signals from two antenna elements A _m and A _l ). To implement the necessary impulse response of digital filters in the ADC 4, the operation of multiplying the samples of each quadrature component of the signal (Fig.6z, and) on the corresponding samples of the time window (see Fig.6k). The results in block 4 of this operation are shown in Fig.6l, m.

At the final stage, in block 4, two complex sequences of samples are formed by pairwise combining the corresponding samples of the corrected sequences, which are supplied to the corresponding inputs of the Fourier transform unit 5.

As a result of performing operation (7) in block 5, two transformed sequences are obtained (see Fig. 6n). The latter characterize the spectra of signals received in the antenna elements A _m and A _l , and therefore their phase characteristics. However, this is not enough to measure the phase difference of the signals in pairs of antenna elements A _m and A _l . The latter involves the calculation of the cross-correlation function of signals (expression 8) and on its basis the determination of Δφ _{m, l} (f _ν ) _r in accordance with expression 9. These operations are performed by block 6, at the outputs of which the values of the primary spatial information parameters Δφ _m are generated _{, l, ism} (f _ν ) for all possible combinations of pairs of antenna elements m, l = 1, 2, ..., M, m ≠ l. The values of the parameters Δφ _{m, l, ism} (f _ν ), measured on the DPC, are recorded in the first storage device 7/1.

The measurement results of the primary spatial information parameters at the frequency f _{ν of the} SPT are transmitted to the CPP in the corresponding radio directions. Their reception at the central control center is carried out using duplex radios 13 / 1-13 / R and their corresponding radio modems 14 / 1-14 / R. The accepted values Δφ _{m, l, ism} (f _ν ) _{r are} recorded in the corresponding memory devices 7 / 2-7 / R + 1. The implementation of this operation corresponds to the formation of an array of measured primary spatial information parameters shown in figure 4. After completing this operation with the arrival of the next clock pulse of block 9, the measured parameters Δφ _{m, l, ism} (f _ν ) _r are fed to the information inputs of the corresponding analysis paths 8.

The main purpose of the analysis paths 8 is to assess the degree of difference between the measured parameters Δφ _{m, l, ism} (f _ν ) _r (see Fig. 4) from the reference values Δφ _{m, l, et} (f _ν ) _r (see figure 3), calculated for all elementary zones and volumes of binding B. This operation is carried out in accordance with the algorithm shown in figure 5, as follows. The reference values of the primary spatial information parameters stored in the storage device 25 are fed to the input of the reduced unit of subtraction 20. The measured values Δφ _{m, l, ism} (f _ν ) _r are received at the input of the subtracted unit 20. The subtraction operation is carried out in strict accordance with the procedure for generating AE pairs. For example, from Δφ _{m, l, ism} (f _ν ) _3, only the values Δφ _{m, l, ism} (f _V ) ₃ are subtracted for all elementary zones and the binding volumes b _{h ', n} .

In the next step, the differences obtained are squared in the multiplication block 21. This operation is necessary so that all the results of the subtraction operation have a positive value. Otherwise, a situation could arise when the sum of the positive and negative differences Δφ _{m, l, ism} (f _ν ) _r -Δφ _{m, l, et} (f _ν ) _r compensated each other. For squaring, each subtraction result is multiplied by itself in block 21. The resulting difference squares are added in the second adder 22 and written to the storage device 23. Similar operations are performed in all analysis paths 8. The elements of paths 8 are synchronized using pulses of the clock generator 9.

The calculation results in the analysis paths 8 are sent to the corresponding groups of information inputs of the first adder 15. Here, on each group of information inputs there is data on the total difference between the measured and reference parameters at a frequency f _ν for each elementary zone and the binding volume b _{h, n of the} corresponding direction finding point r . The task of the adder 15 is to summarize the differences in the parameters of all direction finding points for each elementary zone and the binding volume b _{h ', n} .

The summation results in block 15 are fed to the information inputs of the memory 16, where they are stored until the next control command of the two-channel receiver 3. The block 17 at the first stage compares all the sums stored in the memory 16 and selects the minimum among them. The numbers of memory cells in block 16 are in unambiguous correspondence with the numbers of elementary zones and binding volumes, which allows block 17 to decide on the most probable location of the IRI in the control zone. At the second stage, in block 17, a transition is made from the elementary zone number and the binding volume to their coordinates {X, Y, Z} _{h ', n} . This operation is realized through the use of a priori information about the coordinates of the centers of elementary zones and the volumes of binding received at the information inputs 18 of block 17 at the preparatory stage. Output 19 generates data on the coordinates of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

The work of the peripheral direction finding point is as follows. Let the input 37 of the SPT (the first input of the duplex transceiver 35) received a control command from the CPU to tune to the frequency f _ν . Accepted in block 35, it arrives at the second input of the radio modem 34. Here it is converted (demodulated) into a code sequence of frequency f _ν with a matched level, which is fed to the control input of two-channel receiver 28. By this command, both channels of block 28 are tuned to the frequency f _ν and the signals are received, followed by the measurement of the IFR of their primary spatial information parameters. The order of measurement of the parameters Δφ _{m, l, ism} (f _ν ) _r completely coincides with the performance of this operation on the CPP. The composition of the blocks and the sequence of their work are described above in the description of the operation of the CPP. The measured values Δφ _{m, l, ism} (f _ν ) _{r are} recorded in the storage device 32, which performs the function of a buffer memory. After the operation of measuring the primary spatial information parameters is completed, the values Δφ _{m, l, ism} (f _ν ) _r through the radio modem 34 (where the video signal is modulated) and the duplex transceiver 35 are transmitted to the DSP. The synchronization of the operation of the SPT blocks is carried out using pulses of the clock generator 33.

The device that implements the proposed method uses known elements and blocks described in the scientific and technical literature. They are also used in a device that implements the prototype method (see Pat. RU No. 2263328, publ. 10/27/2005, bull. No. 30, p.20-23). The difference between the device in question is that the memory capacity of the storage devices, the dimension of the adders, subtraction blocks and multipliers increases by (H + 1) times. In addition, there are differences in the implementation of blocks for the formation of a reference set of primary spatial information parameters 24.

Implementation options for antenna elements and antenna array 1 (26) are widely considered in the literature (see A. Saidov et al. Design of phase automatic direction finders. - M.: Radio and Communications, 1997; Torrieri DJ Principles of military communications system. Dedham , Massachusetts Artech House, inc., 1981. - 298 pp.). It is advisable to use one of the antenna types as antenna elements: symmetric or asymmetric vibrators, disk-cone AEs, biconical AEs, etc. The choice of AE is determined by a given frequency range (overlap coefficient), structural features of the antenna array. In general, the placement of AEs in the horizontal plane can be arbitrary. The number of antenna elements M used and the distances between them are determined by the specified direction finding accuracy {ΔX, ΔY, ΔZ}, the operating frequency range ΔF, and the effect of the mutual influence of AE on each other. The latter determines the minimum distance between the AE of the lattice 1 (26) d _min .

To ensure the highest and equal direction finding accuracy from all directions, it is advisable to perform AR 1 (26) with AE ring placement.

An important aspect of the implementation of AR 1 (26) is the implementation of the overlap coefficient K _{lane of the} frequency range. In cases where K _per is set equal to 10 or more, it is necessary to use the multi-ring structure of AR.

An analysis of the dependence of the number of AE M and K _per (according to the level of mutual influence of AE in the lower part of the working frequency range and the ambiguity of the estimates obtained in its upper part), performed in Pat. RU 2263327, publ. 10/27/2005, bull. No. 30. IPC 7 G 01 S 3/14 showed that in order to eliminate the aforementioned negative phenomena and their influence on the direction finding accuracy at K _per = 10, it is necessary to use at least 8 AEs together with a fully accessible antenna switch and 16 AEs when using a partially accessible switch.

Antenna switch 2 (27) provides synchronous connection in a single time interval of any AE pairs to the reference and signal outputs. The implementation of AK 2 (27) is widely known (see Veniaminov V.N. et al. Microcircuits and their application. - M .: Radio and communications, 1989, 240 s .; Vaysblat A.V. Microwave Switching Devices on Semiconductor Diodes . - M.: Radio and Communications, 1987. - 120 p.). Two-channel receiver 3 (28) can be implemented using two ICOM semi-professional receivers IC-R8500 (see Cammunication Receiver IC-R8500. Instruction Manual). In this case, the first and second local oscillators of one of the receivers are used simultaneously as the first and second local oscillators of the second receiver. In addition, other ICOM receivers can be used in pairs as receiver 3 (28): IC-R7000, IC-RCR1000.

A two-channel analog-to-digital converter 4 and a Fourier transform unit 5 (30), as well as a unit for calculating primary spatial information parameters 6 (31) and a storage device 7/1 (32) are implemented using standard boards: the digital reception submodule ADMMDDC2WB and ADP60PCIv3. 2 on the Sharc ADSP-21062 processor. User manual (see e-mail: insys@arc.ru www - server: www.insys.ru). The ADMMDDC2WB submodule implements the functions of block 4 (29) and contains DIGITAL DOWN CONVERTER (DDC) AD 6620 microchips from Analog Devices for extracting part of the frequency band from the wide input band of the 10.7 MHz intermediate frequency signal of receiver 3 (28) IC-R8500, converting this bands into the band of modulating frequencies and its output in quadrature (expressions 4 and 5). This operation is carried out by multiplying the digitized signal by the quadrature reference oscillation of the internal DDC generator.

The digital reception submodule ADMDDC2WB is used in carrier cards of the ADP6015A, ADP60PCI, ADP62PCI type. The base module based on the ADP62PCIv3.2 board on the Sharc ADSP-21062 process implements the discrete Fourier transform function (expression 7, block 5 (30)), the operation of multiplication by a complex conjugate pair of channel samples (expression 8, block 6 (31)), finding the phase difference of the signals Δφ _{m, l, ism} (f _ν ) _r (expression 9, block 6 (31), as well as storing the measured values of the phase difference (function of block 7/1 (32)).

The construction of clock generators 9 (33) is known and widely covered in the literature (Radio receivers: A manual for radio engineering. Special. Universities / Yu.T. Davydov et al. - M.: Higher school, 1989, - 342 p .; Functional units adaptive interference compensators: Part II. V.V. Nikitchenko. - L .: YOU, - 1990. - 176 p.).

Duplex radios 13 / 1-13 / R and 35 are sold using ICOM radio IC-F310S (see Instruction Manual. VHF Transceiver IC-F310S. Icom Ins. 1-1-32 Kamimmami, Hirano-ku, Osaka 547-0003 Japan). Blocks 13 / 1-13 / R and 35 can also be implemented using other ICOM duplex radios: IC-F320S, IC-F410S, IC-F420S.

Radio modems 14 / 1-14 / R and 34 can be implemented on the basis of the Kantronics KRS-3 Plus product (see Users Guide: Introduction, Getting Started, Modes of Operation, Command Reference, and Hardware Specifications. Orders / Inguiries (785) 842 -7745, Fax (785) 842-2031 e-mail sales @ kantronics, com, website: www.Kantronics.com.).

The first and second adders 15 and 22, the subtraction unit 20 are implemented according to well-known schemes (see. Red. Reference manual on high-frequency circuitry: Circuits, blocks, 50 ohm technology: Translated from German - M .: Mir, 1990. -256 p.).

Storage devices 7 / 2-7 / R + 1 and 16 are buffer storage devices, the implementation of which is known (see Large Integrated Circuits of Storage Devices: Reference Book / A.Yu. Gordenov et al. - M.: Radio and Communications, 1990. - 288 p .; O. Lebedev, Memory microcircuits and their application. - M.: Radio and communications, 1990. - 160 p.). The multiplier 21 implements the operation - squaring, and its implementation is covered in the book of Red E. Reference manual on high-frequency circuitry: Circuits, blocks, 50 ohm technology: TRANS. with him. - M .: Mir, 1990, - 256 p.).

The unit for the formation of a reference set of primary spatially informative parameters 24 is intended for creating tables of reference values of phase differences Δφ _{m, l, r, h ', n, et} (f _V ) for the corresponding r-direction finding station, various pairs of antenna elements m, l = 1, 2, ..., M; m ≠ l, different subbands of frequencies V and all elementary zones and reference volumes b _{h ', n} in accordance with FIG. At the preparatory stage, for the corresponding group of installation inputs 10 / g, the following initial data are set for each block 24, and therefore for each direction finding point:

azimuth processing sector {Θ _min , Θ _max };

processing sector by elevation {β _min , β _max };

accuracy of finding the angular parameter ΔΘ;

the accuracy of finding the angular parameter Δβ;

removal of reference sources R _{h ', n} ;

topology of placement of antenna elements;

the coordinates of the location of the RFP and the CPP {X, Y} _r ,

frequency range ΔF;

width under the frequency range Δf.

The values {Θ _min , Θ _max } _r AND {β _min , β _max } _r are set for each direction-finding point by the user of the IRI coordinate determination system. Their values depend on the location of the PP relative to the control zone. The accuracy of finding the angular parameters ΔΘ and Δβ for each PP depends on the given accuracy of determining the IRI {ΔX, ΔY, ΔZ}, the location of the PP relative to the control zone and is limited by instrumental accuracy. The latter, in turn, is determined by the type (size and geometry) of the used AR 1 (26) and AE characteristics, frequency range ΔF, propagation conditions of the radio waves, type of signal modulation, etc. The task of the corresponding block 24 of the rth analysis path 8 / r is that for a given PP, each frequency subband Δf _V , each elementary zone and the binding volume b _{h ', n} and a given topology AP 1 (26), its location coordinates {X, Y} _r with azimuth discrete ΔΘ _r and elevation angle Δβ _r calculate ideal (reference) values of phase differences Δφ _et (f _V ) _r for all pairs of antenna elements, taking into account the fact that the reference source is sequentially located at the centers of all elementary zones and volumes of binding.

Block 24 of the analysis path 8 can be made in the form of an automaton based on a microprocessor (see Shevkoples B.V. Microprocessor structures. Engineering solutions: Handbook. - 2nd ed. Revised and enlarged. - M .: Radio and communications, 1990 , - 512 s.) And working in accordance with the algorithm shown in Fig. 10. As the latter, a high-performance 16-bit microprocessor K1810BM86 can be used (see Veniaminov V.N. et al. Chips and their application: Reference manual - 3rd ed., Revised and additional - M .: Radio and communications, 1989 .-- 240 p.).

The decision block 17 performs two main functions:

determines the cell number of the memory 16 with the minimum sum K _{h ', n} (f _V ) corresponding to the number of the elementary zone or the binding volume b _{h', n} , in which the most likely occurrence of IRI;

finds the coordinates of the center of this elementary zone or the binding volume {X, Y, Z} _{h ', n} and issues them as the coordinates of the IRI.

The block diagram of the decision block 17 is shown in Fig.11. It contains a minimum search unit 38, a pulse counter 39, storage devices 40 and 41, and an AND block 42. The work of the decision block is as follows. The counting input of the counter 39 and the sync input of the minimum search block receive pulses from the output of the generator 9. At the information inputs of the minimum search block, the codes of numbers K _h'n (f _v ), n = 1, 2, ..., N, h ' = 0, 1, 2, ..., N. This operation is synchronized by the arrival of the clock pulses of block 9 to the corresponding inputs of blocks 16 and 38. If, as a result of the comparison operation in block 38, at time t _{1, it} is decided that the current content the next cell K _{h ', n} (f _V ) is smaller than the previous ones, a control pulse is generated at the output of block 38, p flowing to the control inputs of memories 40 and 41. In block 40, the coordinates of the centers of elementary zones and the binding volumes are recorded. In this case, the number of memory cells of block 40 correspond to the numbers of elementary zones and volumes of binding. The address inputs of block 40 at time t ₁ receive a code number from the output of counter 39, the contents of which determine the number of the elementary zone (volume) of the binding (memory cell number of block 16 with a minimum sum of K _{h ', n} (f _V ). As a result the contents with the coordinates of the center of this elementary zone or volume {X, Y, Z} _{h ', n} according to the control signal of block 38 is copied to the buffer memory 41. The comparison process in block 38 continues further until all the sums stored in block 16 are completely enumerated, to avoid making a decision on the local min Mumu. By the next minimum value detection unit 38 are to be enumerated coordinates _{{X, Y, Z} h} ', n corresponding to the elementary zone or binding capacity. The capacity of the counter 39 corresponds to the number of elementary zones and bind volume V. After filling the counter 39 on its output a detection signal is generated, which resets the counter and simultaneously enters the control inputs of the block of elements "And" 42. As a result, the coordinates of the center of the elementary binding zone from the output of block 41, corresponding to the minimum amount, go to the output of the block ok 17. The implementation of the minimum search block is known. It can be implemented according to the pyramid scheme using high-speed comparators (see. Shevkoples B.V. Microprocessor structures. Engineering solutions: Handbook. - 2nd ed. Revised and enlarged. - M .: Radio and communications. 1990. - 512 from.). The pulse counter 39 with capacity B can be implemented by connecting the required number of microcircuits 155IE1 in series (see the Handbook of Integrated Circuits / B.V. Tarabrin, S.V. Yakubovsky, N.A. Barkanov et al .; edited by B. V. Tarabrina. -2 nd ed., Revised and enlarged .-- M .: Energy, 1980. - 816 p.). Storage devices 40 and 41 can be implemented on a standard elemental base of 565 and 541 series, respectively (see Large Integrated Circuits of Storage Devices: Reference Book / A.Yu. Gordonov et al .: Edited by A.Yu. Gordonov. - M .: Radio and communications, 1990 .-- 288 p.). Block 42 can be implemented by a set of elementary logic (chips of the 155 series) (see the Handbook of integrated circuits / B.V. Tarabrin, S.V. Yakubovsky, N.A. Barkanov and others; edited by B.V. Tarabrin , - 2nd ed., Revised and enlarged .-- M .: Energy, 1980. - 816 p.).

Claims (1)

A method for determining the coordinates of a radio emission source in a given monitoring zone and frequency band ΔF by a group of R≥1 interconnected peripheral and central direction-finding stations with their known location, including at the preparatory stage the calculation of the number N = S / S _{0 of} elementary binding zones, where S and S ₀ - control zone area respectively and elemental bindings area, determining the coordinates of the elementary zones centers anchor locations, each elementary zone assignment binding sequence number b _{0, n,} b ₀ = 1, 2, ..., N, The calculations for central and peripheral R DF claims antenna system each of which includes M> 2 antenna elements, the reference values of the primary-space information parameters on the outputs A _{r, m} th antenna element, wherein r = 1, 2, ..., R +1 m = 1, 2, ..., M, relative to the coordinates of the location of the centers of each elementary binding zone, and the reference primary spatial information parameters are calculated for the middle frequencies f _ν = Δf (2ν-1) / 2, where ν = 1, 2 , ..., R; P = ΔF / Δf is the number of frequency subbands; Δf∈ΔF is the width of the frequency subband, during operation, upon detection of a signal from a radio source at a frequency f _{ν, it} includes the measurement of primary spatial information parameters at the outputs A _{r, m-} x antenna elements, and the measured primary spatial information parameters at the outputs of the peripheral antenna elements DF points is transmitted to a central direction-finding point calculation for each b _{0, n} -th elementary difference binding zone between the reference and measured spatial primary nformatsionnymi parameters, the construction of a square and summation, isolation from N received sums K _{0, n} (f _ν) minimum, the adoption of the location coordinates of the detected coordinates of the source radio unit binding the center position corresponding to the minimum sum minK _{0, n} (f _ν) , characterized in that at the preparatory stage, the space over the control zone is evenly divided into H layers, each layer is assigned a serial number h, h = 1, 2, ..., H, each layer is divided into elementary binding volumes, assigned each in elementary volume binding sequence number b _{h, n,} b _h = 1, 2, ..., N; determine the coordinates of the location of the centers {X, Y, Z} _{h, n of the} elementary volumes of the binding b _{h, n} , calculate additional reference values of the primary spatial information parameters at the outputs of the _{r, m-} th antenna element, where r = 1, 2,. .., R + 1; m = 1, 2, ..., M, relative to the coordinates of the location of the centers of each elementary binding volume b _{h, n} , and in the process, for each elementary binding volume b _{h, n, the} difference between the reference and measured primary spatial information parameters is calculated, they are squared and summed, and the coordinates of the center of location of the elementary zone or the binding volume corresponding to the minimum sum K _{h ', n} (f _ν ), where h' = 0, 1, 2, ... are taken as the coordinates of the location of the detected source of radio emission N.

Images