RU2295977C1 - Device for disassembly and disinfection of syringes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: device has container for gathering products of disassembly and needle clipper, located above container mouth, flat basis with three windows, under each of which mouth of one of three containers is located for collecting syringe details, the first one being used for the needles, the second one for cylinders, the third one for the pistons mounted in uniform tank with disinfectant solution. Containers walls have holes for filling the containers with solution, all containers mouths are closed by common uniform three-sectioned folding cover. Needle clipper in the form of a vertical rod with slit for the syringe cylinder cone is mounted between the first and second window on the base. Two support members are vertically set symmetrically relative to longitudinal axis of windows between the second and third window along the second window back edge for supporting syringe cylinder. Piston rod head capture is available above the third and partially above the second windows of the base. It is shaped as vertical rod with slit for piston rod and movable along a longitudinal axis of the windows is attached to a platform movable along platform guide members, rigidly fixed on the base. The basis has mobile protective cover. The containers cover is rigidly attached to a shaft, pivotally mounted on the tank cover case and having handle to rotate it through 90 degrees.

EFFECT: improved garbage preparation to recycling.

4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medical equipment for the processing of medical waste and disinfection using chemicals, it is used in medical, preventive and veterinary institutions (MPI) in the preparation of used disposable syringes for disposal.

The proposed device is intended for use directly at the workplace of medical personnel performing injections, in the main version - without the use of external energy sources.

The device technically ensures compliance with sanitary rules (SanPiN 2.1.7. 728-99) for the preparation of medical waste for disposal.

In the current practice of the health care facility, the paramedic, after injection, manually disassembles the syringe into its component parts (needle, cylinder and piston), each of which is placed in a separate “Special container with a disinfecting solution for immersing medical waste” (SanPiN 2.1.7. 728-99, section 6, clause 6.1).

The main disadvantage of this practice is the manual disassembly of the syringe, the consequence of the disadvantage is the possibility of injury to the paramedic by injecting with a needle removed from the cylinder cone, and the inevitable contamination of the facility’s premises with medical waste from the syringe due to pouring the contents of the needle cannula and cylinder cone onto hands and clothes paramedic, on the floor of the room, as well as spraying and spraying in the room air small drops of the contents of the cylinder when pulling the piston out of the cylinder.

An additional drawback is that loading parts of the syringe into the container with the caps open directly by the healthcare provider creates an increased amount of vapor of disinfectants from the containers in the air of the medical facilities and unsafe breathing conditions of the health worker above the open surface of the disinfectant.

At present, devices and devices have been developed and are being manufactured by the industry that solve some problems of preparing medical waste for disposal or directly disposal through destruction.

Known devices for the destruction of injection needles and for syringes, for example the destructor URMI-01 and Device for burning needles of disposable syringes DS-A 1400 Russian production; NeedieSAFE, an official FDA and CSA certification in Canada and the USA, manufactured by BioNEEDS, Canada; device for burning needles NHI 001, manufactured in Germany; Japanese NSP-300 and NSP-150 Syringe Disposal Plants. In addition, for the disposal of hospital waste there is a whole series of equipment: Sterimed 1, Sterimed Junior, Steriflash, Mediburn, Tyumeks S-2 (see the Internet site http://www.medplant.ru/util.htm), which produces waste disinfecting treatment, as well as the burning of injection needles.

The named devices and devices have their own advantages and disadvantages.

The advantage of the waste shredders is their high productivity, their disadvantage is the unsuitability for installation in the production, for example, treatment room of a health facility due to the high energy consumption, high noise level, low production load, room pollution when cleaning the apparatus, and an excessively high cost (from 48 to 128 thousand dollars with an annual cost of consumables from 5 to 20 thousand dollars).

Devices - injection needle burners - are attractive only at first glance. They destroy part of the needle below the cannula and exclude the possibility of reuse of needles. In these devices, the injection needle, not removed from the cone of the syringe barrel, is inserted into the receptacle of the device, where its metal part, fixed between the two electrodes, is burned by electric current. Before or after burning the needle (in different devices this is done differently), the syringe barrel with the paramedic’s piston in it is pulled out of the needle cannula, the contents of the cannula and the syringe cone are poured onto the surface and inside the device, then there is a situation of contamination of the hospital’s premises inherent to manual disassembling the syringe, in addition to the possibility of injury with a needle.

In addition, when the needle is burned due to the high temperature, the contents of the injection needle are partially burned and partially ejected as hot steam, causing additional environmental pollution in the medical room. Practically after burning 5-6 needles in the cabinet, a stable smell of the vapors of the contents of the burned needles arises and remains, despite the presence of a fan with a filter in some devices (for example, Igla-1, UGTU-UPI, Yekaterinburg).

At the same time, in the design of needle burners there is a device for separating the needle from the syringe - a cutter in the form of a strap with a slot and a container-collector for the remains of burnt needles, which can be used in more efficient devices when preparing syringes for disposal.

The marked elements are highlighted in the well-known “Device for processing medical waste” (RU 1780883 A1, 12/15/1992), in particular for disposable syringes containing a container for collecting processed products and a needle cutter located above the neck of the container. This device can be adopted as a prototype of the subject matter of the invention.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the separation of the used syringe into its components is carried out mechanically in the working part of the device isolated from the environment under the influence of the hand of a paramedic, not located in the disassembly zone of the syringe, with each of the separated parts of the syringe without the participation of a paramedic a separate collection container, where it is disinfected in a liquid solution of chemicals.

According to the invention, a device for disassembling and disinfecting medical syringes comprises a container for collecting disassembling products and a needle cutter located above the neck of the container.

The device is characterized in that it contains a flat base with three windows, under each of which is the neck of one of the three container containers of syringe parts, respectively, the first for needles, the second for cylinders, the third for pistons installed in a single tank with a disinfectant solution while the walls of the containers have openings for filling with a solution, the necks of all containers are closed with a single three-section hinged lid; on the basis of between the first and second window, a needle cutter is installed in the form of a vertical bar with a slot for the cone of the syringe barrel; between the second and third window, at the rear edge of the second window, two stops for the syringe barrel are vertically mounted symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the windows; above the third and partially above the second base windows there is a grip of the piston rod head moving along the longitudinal axis of these windows in the form of a vertical bar with a slot for the piston rod attached to the platform, which is moved by the handle along the platform guides rigidly fixed to the base; the base is equipped with a movable protective cover, while the three-section cover is rigidly attached to the shaft pivotally mounted on the tank cover body and equipped with a handle for its rotation by 90 degrees.

In addition, the proposed device further provides that:

- on the base near the needle cutter a tubular pipe is installed, connected by an elastic tube to a disinfectant solution in the tank through a micropump located on the tank cover;

- the platform is connected through a transmission unit to a power device installed on the basis of;

- in the container-container for needles, a one-time container with an open lid is additionally placed, while the walls of the container for needles are made solid without the possibility of filling the packaging box with disinfectant from the tank.

Figure 1, 2, 3 shows a view of the main parts and assembly that determine the effective operation of the device for disassembling syringes.

Figure 1 shows the needle cutter in the form of a vertical bar with a slot for the cone of the cylinder of the syringe.

Figure 2 shows a view of the capture of the head of the piston rod of a syringe having a rectangular profile slot on the vertical capture bar. An additional narrow vertical slot on the grip plate (not an obligatory element) is intended for the edge of the rod profile, since the rods of modern syringes have a “+” sign in a perpendicular section, and the vertical size is not always equal to the horizontal size.

Figure 3 shows the base of the device with three windows (pos. 1), a platform (pos. 2), two guides (pos. 3) and two stops (pos. 4). Each window has its own purpose, in particular, the left window is intended for passing needles through it, the central window is for cylinders, and the right window is for pistons. The platform moves along the guides for their entire length. The stops are vertical columns, usually of a rectangular (square) section. They are installed so that between them the grip of the rod head moves freely, but cannot pass through the cylinder of the syringe.

The proposed device is a single design.

At the base of the structure is a tank with a disinfectant solution. The tank has the ability to move horizontally along special guides for its entry into the device and for output from the device, as well as for fixing the position under the tank cover. In the tank, linearly along a single axis of symmetry, in the immediate vicinity of each other, three containers are placed in sequence: the first for needles, the second for cylinders, the third for syringe pistons. The necks of the containers are rectangular in cross section. The walls of the containers have holes for self-filling with a disinfectant from the tank.

Above the tank there is a tank lid with windows that, by location, size and shape, are an exact copy of the base windows (item 1 of Fig. 3), vertically located exactly above the necks of the collection containers. On the same tank lid, a three-section lid of the neck of the container containers, overlapping at the same time, is installed at the top, which can rotate 90 degrees with the axis. The axis rotates when the handle attached to the axis changes its position.

Above the lid of the tank at a height distance ensuring full opening of the three-section lid of the necks of the containers-collectors (the open lid is standing vertically upwards), there is a flat base (Fig. 3) with three windows vertically located exactly above the windows of the lid of the tank and above the necks of the containers - collections of.

Between the first and second windows in the transverse direction (on the jumper between the windows) is installed a needle cutter (figure 1).

The horizontal part of the grip of the stem head (Fig. 2) is attached to the platform (pos. 2) of the base (Fig. 3) from the side of the windows, the vertical grip bar with a slot is directed towards the windows. When the platform is completely moved along the guides (pos. 3), the vertical bar for capturing the rod head moves completely above the window for the pistons and, partially, above the window for the cylinders, passing without engagement between the stops (pos. 4) of the base.

A handle is attached to the platform from the side opposite to the gripping plate for the rod head to move the platform along the guiding forces of the hand of the paramedic. The design of the guides and the platform handle is of no fundamental importance (due to the design of these parts, you can to some extent change the amount of force used by the paramedic when disassembling the syringe, as well as the location of the handle outlet from the device for its capture by the paramedic’s hand).

The base area, which captures the windows for needles and cylinders, is the syringe loading area. On the surface of the flat base on special guides, a movable protective cover is installed that opens the loading zone during the installation of the syringe into the device and closes this zone during the disassembly of the syringe (during the disassembly of the syringe, the loading zone becomes part of the disassembly zone). The protective cover for opening the disassembly zone is moved along the longitudinal axis of the flat base beyond the needle window in the direction indicated by the sharp end of the needle.

The part of the base from the boundary of the disassembly zone from the side of the window for the pistons to the end points of the guides for the platform remote from the windows is always only the disassembly zone of the syringe, therefore it is constantly closed by a cover attached to the flat base, which, when disassembling the syringe, together with the closed protective cover, isolates the disassembly zone from the environment.

The operation of the device is as follows.

In the initial state:

the tank and collection containers are filled with a disinfectant liquid solution to a predetermined level, the tank is placed and fixed in a predetermined position under the tank cover;

the protective cover is open, the three-section cover of the necks of the container containers is closed;

the platform is in the extreme position with a minimum distance between the needle cutter and the piston rod head grip (the vertical piston rod head grip bar is removed from the constant disassembly zone and introduced into the syringe loading zone).

The healthcare provider has access to the area for installing the disassembled syringe.

The medical worker, having injected without making any manipulations with the syringe, places it in the proposed device in a horizontal position, placing the part of the cylinder cone not closed by the needle cannula in the slot of the needle-cut bar, and the part of the piston rod located outside the cylinder in the slot of the vertical bar for capturing the rod head . As a result, the syringe will be in a stable horizontal position with two supports, while the cylinder body will be above one base window on one side of the needle cutter bar, and the needle above the other base window - on the other side of the needle cutter bar, the piston rod head will be gripped Stem gripper on cylinder side of syringe.

The paramedic closes the protective cover, by turning the handle of the axis, opens the three-section cover of the necks of the container containers.

Then, with a vigorous movement of the hand, the paramedic through the handle of the platform moves the platform along the guides to the side corresponding to the direction of extraction of the piston from the syringe barrel. The moving platform at the initial stage of movement by the capture of the rod completely pulls the cylinder cone from the needle cannula, which is held stationary by the needle cutter bar, which is the focus for the needle cannula, and partially pulls the piston out of the cylinder. The needle is separated from the cylinder and through the window of the base falls down into the container-container for needles. After separating the needle during the ongoing movement of the platform, the cylinder together with the piston moves slightly in the direction of extraction of the piston and stops with stops at the trailing edge of the cylinder window, the piston continues to be withdrawn from the cylinder. At the moment the piston exits the cylinder, the cylinder and piston become separate, independent parts of the syringe. The cylinder, under the influence of its weight, falls through a window down into a container container for cylinders. The piston freed from the articulation with the cylinder falls down with rotation around the horizontal part of the slot of the vertical rod gripping bar. Rotation provides the withdrawal of the rod head from the grip and the complete release of the piston. The piston falls down and through the window of the base into the container-container for the pistons of the syringes.

The end result - the needle, cylinder and syringe plunger are separately placed in separate collection containers, where they are disinfected while in a liquid disinfectant solution.

Then the paramedic closes the three-section cap of the necks of the collection containers, opens the protective cover, and returns the platform to its initial state by the handle. The disassembly of the syringe is completed, the device is ready to disassemble the next syringe.

From the above description of the operation of the proposed device, there may be an idea of the significant complexity of controlling the process of disassembling the syringe. In a real device, the paramedic closes and opens only the protective cover, moves the platform only during direct disassembly of the syringe. The position control of the three-section cover and the return of the platform to its initial state occur without the direct actions of the health worker, since the protective cover is connected by a simple mechanical transmission to the handle of the axis of the three-section cover and to the platform.

At the end of the working period, the healthcare provider must send the details of the syringes from the office for disposal. To do this, the tank is removed from under the lid, each of the three collection containers manually or with the help of a simple device, for example, a gripping handle, rises above the tank. Raised containers are left in this state for a short time to allow disinfectant to flow out of them. Further, containers with syringe parts are placed in a transportation device at a medical waste collection point, empty collection containers are installed in the tank (in practice, the option of directly emptying container containers by pouring the disinfected parts of syringes in container containers into a special portable container is also used). The tank is introduced under the tank cover - the device is ready for operation.

Some additions to the described embodiment of the proposed device.

In an improved, more expensive, constructive version of the device, at the final moment of disassembling the syringe, washing (self-disinfection) of the needle-cutter zone with a disinfectant from the tank is performed. To do this, through the pipe installed near the needle cutter, the disinfectant, which entered the pipe through a flexible tube, is sprayed from the tank using a simple micropump. In particular, a piston type elementary device can be used as a micropump, the piston of which is attached to the platform and moves with it when spraying the disinfectant and when the solution is sucked into the micropump, and the suction occurs when the platform returns to its original position.

The proposed device can be performed in the service case with a built-in power device, for example, an electric motor with a transmission unit or electromagnets, which will ensure the movement of the platform without the participation of a paramedic, improve the working conditions of the medical staff.

At the same time, the use of an electric drive or an electromagnetic traction system will significantly (at times) increase the cost of the device; in addition, medical facilities will need to solve electrical safety issues regarding the installation and maintenance of the device in accordance with applicable rules. The named version of the proposed device is suitable for use in specialized treatment rooms with a large number of daily injections, where the device can be implemented in a stationary version.

A special place in hospitals is occupied by the handling of used injection needles. If the plastic (polyethylene) parts of the syringe (cylinder and piston) are turned into crumbs during recycling and reused for the manufacture of any products, needles are not in demand for processing for the purpose of repeated reproduction of the metal. At the same time, needles are dangerous not only from a sanitary point of view, being potential distributors of diseases when reused. They are dangerous like any sharp piercing objects. In practice, healthcare facilities unused needles are constantly found in various rooms and offices, as well as in sewage devices.

In order to exclude overloading of needles from one container to another and to reduce the number of unused (for example, lost during overloading) needles, the proposed device provides the option of using special disposable containers for needles, for example, boxes with a closing lid in the form of a hinged end wall made of a material that is not penetrated by the needle when loading containers (pressed laminated, foil paper, plastic, etc.).

The aforementioned disposable packaging with an open lid is placed in a container-container for needles, and in this case the walls of the container for needles are made without holes for filling the disinfectant solution from the tank (the disinfectant is poured directly into the disposable container about half the volume). After the device is finished, the container-container for needles is removed from the tank, the disposable container is removed from the container-container, its lid is closed and fixed in the closed state by gluing, snapping or mechanical deformation of special elements of the lid. As a result, the needles are sent for recycling in packaged form without the need for reloading in another container, significantly reducing the possibility of unauthorized distribution at facilities of hospitals.

The proposed device, when used in medical facilities, will significantly facilitate and simplify the work of mid-level medical workers, primarily nurses in treatment rooms, reduce the possibility of injury, and significantly reduce the pollution of medical facilities with medical waste.

In addition, the proposed device due to the mechanized sorting of its parts directly into the process of disassembling syringes into separate collection containers will improve the organization of medical waste management in hospitals, simplify the collection and transportation of medical waste, and prepare waste for disposal.

Claims (4)

1. Device for disassembling and disinfecting medical syringes, containing a container for collecting the products of disassembling and a needle cutter located above the neck of the container, characterized in that it contains a flat base with three windows, under each of which is the neck of one of the three containers-collections of parts of syringes respectively, the first for needles, the second for cylinders, the third for pistons installed in a single tank with a disinfectant solution, while the walls of the containers have openings for filling with solution , the necks of all containers are closed by a single three-section hinged lid, on the base between the first and second window there is a needle cutter in the form of a vertical bar with a slot for the syringe cylinder cone, between the second and third window along the rear edge of the second window, two stops are installed vertically symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the windows for the syringe cylinder, over the third and partially above the second base windows there is a grip of the piston rod head moving along the longitudinal axis of these windows in the form of a vertical bar with a gap for the piston rod, attached to the platform, which is moved by the handle along the platform guides, rigidly fixed to the base, the base is equipped with a movable protective cover, and the container cover is rigidly attached to the shaft pivotally mounted on the tank cover body and equipped with a handle for its rotation by 90 °. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that on the base near the needle cutter is installed a tubular pipe connected by an elastic tube to a disinfectant solution in the tank through a micropump located on the tank lid. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the platform is connected through a transmission unit to a power device installed on the basis of. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the single-container container with an open lid is additionally placed in the container-container for needles, while the walls of the container for needles are made solid without the possibility of filling the packaging box with disinfectant from the tank.

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