RU2295371C2 - Method and device for fire-protection strip laying and reconstruction - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: forestry, particularly forest fire fighting, namely ground fire spread prevention.

SUBSTANCE: method involves simultaneously cutting two parallel grooves in ground and filling the grooves and passes, which are formed during disc working tools raising, with mixture of ground and combustibles present on ground surface. Mixture volume may be varied by changing of working tool submersion depth. Length of pass filled part may be varied by device movement velocity change. Device for above method realization comprises frame and disc working tools installed on posts hinged to the frame so that concave working tool sides face forwards. Device is provided with side walls mounted on frame and with two coverers located behind disc working tools. The posts are fastened one to another by means of pivotally connected turnbuckle to provide depth of working tool travel measurement.

EFFECT: increased reliability of fire-protection strip forming and, as a result, improved fire safety of forests.

3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of combating forest fires, and in particular to methods of preventing the spread of forest bottom fires by laying and periodically renewing fire mineralized strips.

A known method of laying and reconstruction of mineralized strips by cutting grooves or periodically removing soil from old furrows with the formation of soil dumps on the sides of the furrow [1].

The main disadvantage of this method is the low reliability of the strip due to gaps that occur on it over the entire width of the strip when plow is excavated, for example, PKL-70, PLM-1,3, etc., when they encounter obstacles (stumps, roots, etc. .). This disadvantage persists during the reconstruction (renewal) of the strips. In addition, during reconstruction, the reliability of the strip deteriorates due to insufficient soil for dusting forest combustible materials, as the plow loses its ability to penetrate, since it hangs with dump surfaces on the dumps of soil on the sides of the furrow.

The closest analogue of the invention in terms of the method is a method for reconstructing mineralized fire strips in the form of two parallel grooves with a soil layer between them, which consists in periodically excavating soil from one furrow with laying it in an adjacent furrow while at the same time filling up the undamaged soil layer with the excavated soil after preliminary wetting it an aqueous solution of a surfactant (RU 2206352 C1, 06/20/2003) [2]. With each new reconstruction, the mineralized strip obtained in this way is also characterized by a decrease in reliability, since as the depth of the furrows increases, it becomes more difficult to fill up the furrow space, which grows more intensively every year and requires more soil and surfactant.

The closest analogue of the invention in terms of a device for implementing the method is a device for laying mineralized strips, including a frame and disk working bodies mounted with the concave side forward, mounted on racks pivotally mounted on the frame (SU 1064876 A, 01/07/1984) [3]. Compared to plow plows, this device, when meeting with an obstacle, ensures continuity of the strip, but at the same time its effective width is reduced, since only one furrow is cut.

The objective of the invention is to increase the reliability of the method of laying and reconstruction of fire mineralized strips.

The technical result in the method of laying and reconstruction of mineralized strips, which consists in simultaneously cutting two parallel grooves located in the middle of the strip with their subsequent filling with excavated soil, is achieved by filling the gaps with soil accumulated before shredding, the volume of which is regulated by the depth of tillage working bodies, and the length backfill - the speed of the device.

On figa shows a device, side view; on figb - the same front view: on figv - the same top view; figure 2 shows a cross section of a mineralized strip; figure 3 is the same with a pass.

The device (figure 1) is a mounted combined tool with disk and scraper working bodies and consists of a frame 1 with side walls 2, two disk working bodies 3 and two zagortachki 4. Disk working bodies 3 are mounted on racks 5, which are mounted on the frame articulated and interconnected by a lanyard 6.

The method of laying and reconstruction of fire mineralized strips is as follows.

When the device is moving (Fig. 1), the disk working bodies 2, rolling, are buried in the ground and, cutting, discard the soil layers on the side walls of the device (2). The zagrotchiki (3) installed behind them scratch the soil and the ground cover, mix them with each other and the formed mixture, fill the grooves (Fig. 2), and in the absence of such, fill the resulting gap (Fig. 3), which preserves the effective strip width.

Depending on the supply of forest combustible materials (LGM), the volume of soil supplied is regulated by the depth of tillage of the working bodies (3) with the help of a turnbuckle (6): the larger the supply of LGM, the more deepen the disk working bodies.

Due to the loss of time for the movement of an elementary particle of the soil by disk working bodies (6) from the furrow to the side wall, as well as for its return back to the furrow along the heap blade, these particles are transferred forward along the device. And the greater the speed of movement, the farther the soil is discarded from the furrow, which allows you to ultimately increase soil transport and fill up gaps of a greater length, thereby preserving the effective width of the fire mineralized strip. In addition, the mineralized fire strips created in this way do not have furrows, which prevents water erosion of the soil and allows vehicles to move along them.

During repeated passages and reconstruction, the quality of mineralized fire strips is improved due to a greater degree of mixing of soil with combustible materials and a better lay-out by lateral surfaces, which creates more favorable conditions for vehicles to travel in fire breaks along the strips. At the same time, the soil at the edges of the strip is compacted by the wheels of vehicles, which increases the reliability of the strip, since compacted soil prevents the growth of grass vegetation.

Information sources

1. Chervonny M.G. Forest conservation. M .: Forest industry, 1981, p. 68.

2. RU 2206352 C1, 06/20/2003.

3. SU 1064876 A, 01/07/1984.

Claims (3)

1. The method of laying and reconstruction of fire-resistant mineralized strips, including the simultaneous cutting of two parallel grooves with their subsequent filling, characterized in that the filling of the furrows and the gaps formed during the excavation is carried out by a mixture of soil with combustible materials on the soil surface, and the volume of the mixture for backfill is regulated by changing the depth of the working bodies. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the backfill of the passes formed during the excavation of the disks is controlled by a change in the speed of the device. 3. A device for laying and reconstructing mineralized fire strips, including a frame and disk working bodies mounted with the concave side forward, mounted on racks pivotally mounted on the frame, characterized in that it is provided with side walls mounted on the frame and two shorting bars located behind the disk working bodies, and to change the depth of the last of their racks are interconnected pivotally fixed lanyard.

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