RU2293582C2 - Module for fire-extinguishment with finely-dispersed liquid - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire-fighting equipment, particularly to suppress fire with the use of high fog obtained by spraying of liquid, for instance water, with gas.

SUBSTANCE: module comprises vessel with fire-extinguishing liquid provided with shutoff device, siphon pipe located in the vessel, manometer and safety valve. Inlet end of siphon pipe is connected with mixing chamber. Mixing chamber is arranged between manifold and shutoff device and is provided with check valve. The mixing chamber is connected with upper vessel mouth through manifold. Tap is connected to upper vessel mouth. The manifold has valve for gas block relief. Vessel also comprises lower mouth having tap. Lower vessel mouth is also provided with means, which regulates fire-extinguishing composition level in the vessel.

EFFECT: increased fire-extinguishing efficiency due to obtaining of fire-extinguishing liquid spray with uniform droplet distribution and optimal liquid discharge speed, increased operational convenience and reliability.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of fire fighting equipment and is intended to suppress a fire using a gas atomized liquid, such as water. The invention can be used as a part of stationary and mobile installations for extinguishing fires in the premises of museums, hospitals, ships, aircraft and other objects in which people and valuable equipment are located.

Currently, various types of fire extinguishing modules are known.

One of the known autonomous fire extinguishing modules, called a fire extinguisher (patent No. 1657204, A 62 C 35/00, publ. 11.05.89), contains a cylinder filled with a high density fire extinguishing liquid, the upper part of which is connected to a source of compressed gas. A siphon tube is installed in the cavity of the cylinder, consisting of three steps with a diameter decreasing towards the bottom of the cylinder. In the places where the steps of the siphon tube are mated, inlets are made that are blocked by a float and a siphon. The siphon tube at the outlet of the cylinder is in communication with a liquid atomizer.

This embodiment of the module allows to increase the efficiency of fire extinguishing due to the constant maintenance of the pressure required for ejecting the entire mass of the extinguishing agent. However, the module described above is designed for fire fighting using a combined fire extinguishing composition consisting of liquids of various densities and providing an automatic transition from a continuous jet to a foam type jet.

A device is also known (patent No. 2112572, A 62 C 5/00, publ. 10.06.98). The known module for fire extinguishing with atomized liquid contains a cylinder filled with a fire extinguishing liquid and compressed gas. In the cavity of the container is a siphon tube, consisting of two series-connected sections. A section of the tube with a large cross section is located in the gas cavity of the container and has through side holes in the area of the connection of the sections of the tube.

In addition, the module includes a locking and starting device connected to a siphon tube and a liquid atomizer communicated through a locking and starting device with a siphon tube.

The specified device provides a flow into the spray gas-liquid mixture, which is then crushed into droplets in the outlet openings of the spray.

However, this device does not allow to provide the required uniformity of irrigation extinguishing fluid of the protected premises and the associated fire extinguishing time. In addition, the possibility of stopping fire fighting in areas with reduced irrigation intensity is not ruled out.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed device is a fire extinguishing device selected as a prototype (patent No. 2193908, A 62 C 35/02, publ. 10.12.2002), containing a container with a fire extinguishing liquid, equipped with a locking and starting device connected to a signaling device, a supply pipe connected to sprinklers installed in the protected room, a container with working gas, a siphon tube and a gas-liquid mixture formation unit. The inlet end of the siphon tube is lowered into a container with a fire extinguishing liquid. The unit for forming a gas-liquid mixture is made in the form of an adapter with a gas chamber and, from the side of the inlet chamber, is hermetically fixed in the neck of the container with a fire extinguishing liquid. The inlet chamber, the bypass chamber and the mixing chamber are coaxially located in the adapter, and the gas chamber is transversely located. The gas chamber through the first inclined opening communicates with the inlet chamber and through the second inclined opening to the mixing chamber. The outlet end of the siphon tube is fixed in the bypass chamber, the gas chamber is hermetically connected by means of a gas hose to the container with the working gas, and the mixing chamber is hermetically connected to the inlet end of the supply pipe.

The disadvantages of the known device include the following:

1. The need to install an additional gas cylinder of high pressure, providing inflation, mixing and obtaining a gas-liquid phase.

2. The presence of two channels in the design of the node forming the gas-liquid mixture of the device.

These disadvantages reduce the reliability and usability of the device as a whole. To install the cylinder requires additional equipment, installation and requires periodic monitoring of this cylinder for weighing. In addition, the pressure in the cylinder depends on the ambient temperature. Also, it is possible that liquid can enter the gaseous medium through an inclined hole and block the gas flow.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of fire extinguishing when using a finely dispersed liquid with fire extinguishing additives by obtaining a torch with a uniform droplet structure and optimal flow rate while improving the convenience and reliability of operation.

The task is achieved due to the fact that in the known module for fire extinguishing with sprayed liquid containing a container with a fire extinguishing liquid, equipped with a locking and starting device, a siphon tube located in the cavity of the container, the inlet end of which is connected to the mixing chamber, a pressure gauge and a safety valve, a chamber mixing is located between the collector and the locking-starting device, is equipped with a check valve and is connected through the collector to the upper neck of the tank on which the tap is located, This manifold is provided with a gas lock release cock, and the container is made lower neck provided with a valve. And also due to the fact that the lower neck of the tank is equipped with a device for controlling the level of extinguishing agent, the extinguishing liquid is water or water with additives, and carbon dioxide, nitrogen, compressed air and other types of non-combustible gases can be used as working gas.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that in the claimed device is new:

- the presence of a check valve, a manifold, a tap to check the locking and starting device, a tap for releasing a gas plug, the location of the mixing chamber;

- the implementation in the capacity of the lower neck, equipped with a crane;

- device for controlling the level of extinguishing fluid (OTV);

which allows us to conclude that the claimed invention meets the criterion of "novelty."

An analysis of known devices showed that the claimed solution due to the presence of new structural elements made it possible to obtain a fundamentally new design of a fire extinguishing module with a finely dispersed liquid, which was not previously used. This allows us to conclude that the criterion of "inventive step".

The invention is illustrated by the drawing of the module for fire fighting sprayed liquid.

The fine water fire extinguishing module shown in the drawing contains: a container 1 with an upper filler neck 2 and a lower drain neck 3. The cylinder 1 is equipped with a siphon tube 4 into which water is filled through the opening 5 of the manifold 6, filling the lower cavity of the cylinder, and through a non-return valve 7, gas is supplied filling the top of the cylinder. To control the pressure, a pressure gauge 8 is installed, equipped with a valve 9. The module is also equipped with a valve 10 for discharging a gas “plug” from the manifold, a safety valve 11, a valve 12 for discharging gas when pouring the OTV, and a locking-starting device (ZPU) 13, which can be made in the form of an electromagnetic valve and a crane 14 to check the ZPU. In the lower neck of the container, a crane 15 is installed for draining the OTV and a device 16 for controlling the level of OTV (not shown in the drawing). Between the collector 6 and the locking-starting device 13 is a mixing chamber 17.

The operation of the module for fire fighting sprayed liquid is as follows.

First, a fire extinguishing liquid, for example water, is poured into a vertically mounted container 1 through the opening 5 of the collector 6 through a siphon tube 4. The level of control of filling the cylinder with liquid is controlled by the device 16. Then the cylinder 1 is pressurized with gas, for example nitrogen, through a check valve 7 and a siphon tube 4 to a predetermined pressure. After the refueling operation, the ZPU 13 is closed, a pipeline with a spray gun is connected to it (not shown in the drawing). The readiness of the fire extinguishing module by the sprayed liquid is judged by the readings of pressure gauge 8. When a fire occurs in the protected room, a signal is given to open the ZPU 13. Under the action of the pressure difference of the compressed gas in the tank 1, the liquid and gas rush through the siphon tube through the siphon tube 4, ZPU 8, piping and enters the spray. The complete production of gas and liquid from cylinder 1 is judged visually. When the pressure is exceeded, the check valve closes and prevents the flow of liquid into the gas stream.

It is possible to manually start the fire extinguishing module with sprayed liquid by exposing the switchgear through an automatic control unit. To increase the rate of fluid outflow and increase the fineness of the fire extinguishing torch, eliminate heterogeneity, there is the possibility of additional gas blowing into the mixing chamber through the check valve 7.

If necessary, there is the possibility of additional gas blowing. Through the lower neck 3, it is possible to discharge the precipitate formed.

During operation of the module, it is necessary to control the pressure and integrity of the OTV in the tank. Inspection should be done on a monthly basis, and the level of OTV should be visually once a year. If the pressure decreases by 10% or the weight of the HFA decreases by 5%, it is necessary to refuel the module with gas or recharge its HFA.

Thus, the information presented confirms the possibility of achieving a technical result, which is expressed in increasing the efficiency of fire extinguishing when using finely dispersed liquid with fire extinguishing additives by producing a torch with a uniform droplet structure and an optimal rate of fluid outflow while improving the convenience and reliability of operation.

The invention can be used to create fire fighting equipment designed to suppress fires using sprayed liquid in the form of gas-liquid flows. The device, made in accordance with the claimed technical solution, can be used as part of stationary and mobile installations for extinguishing fires in the premises of museums, hospitals, ships, aircraft and other objects in which people and valuable equipment are located. With large volumes of fire extinguishing, the design of the module allows for the operation of a fire extinguishing system made of series-connected modules. The design of the module makes it possible to simultaneously extinguish fires located in different directions.

Claims (3)

1. A module for fire extinguishing with a sprayed liquid, containing a container with a fire extinguishing liquid, equipped with a locking and starting device, a siphon tube located in the cavity of the container, the inlet end of which is connected to the mixing chamber, a pressure gauge and a safety valve, characterized in that the mixing chamber is located between the collector and a locking and starting device, equipped with a check valve and connected through the collector to the upper neck of the tank on which the tap is located, while the collector is equipped with a gas plug and, and in the tank is made lower neck, equipped with a crane. 2. The module for fire extinguishing with a sprayed liquid according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower neck of the tank is equipped with a device for controlling the level of extinguishing agent. 3. The module for fire extinguishing with a sprayed liquid according to claim 1, characterized in that the extinguishing liquid is water or water with additives, and carbon dioxide, nitrogen, compressed air and other types of non-combustible gases can be used as a working gas.