RU2293103C2 - Composition for recultivation of open-cut mines and disturbed lands - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ecology.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to building and reclamation of lands in petroleum-extracting regions, in particular, for recultivation of dry-digging open-cut mines and disturbed lands providing recovery of relief and productivity of soil and utilization of boring slime as a toxic drilling waste. The composition comprises peat-sand mixture (1:1) as a filling agent and a sorbent, 49-69% by volume, 30-50% of boring slime made in building holes and up to 1% of active additives used for reducing the concentration of soluble petroleum products and their toxicity, and for neutralization of peat medium acid reaction to increase pH value from 3-4 to 6-7.5. As active additives method involves the following components by volumes: (a) unslaked lime, 0.6-0.8%; "Soileks", 0.12-0.15%, and "Degradolais", the balance; or (b) sorbent "Unipolimer", 0.4-0.6%; biochemical preparation "Polyenzyme complex UNI-REM", 0.4-0.6%. Using the proposed composition provides elimination open-cut mines and recovery the productive soil layer and promotes to utilization of industrial waste, i. e. boring slimes, and reducing the cost.

EFFECT: valuable properties of composition.

4 cl

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction and land reclamation in oil-producing areas, in particular for the restoration of dry pits and disturbed lands, with the restoration of topography and soil fertility, as well as the associated disposal of toxic drilling waste - drill cuttings.

The composition is known (USSR AS No. 1247388 A1 dated 07/30/86; COMPOSITION FOR RECULTIVATION OF DISTURBED LANDS), which contains: peat - 20-50% (by weight), glauconite sand - 22-68%, and phosphorite ore - 8-16%, dictioneem shale - 4-16%.

The disadvantage of the composition is that it has an increased consumption of high-quality sand and peat - 72-88% (by weight), and also requires the introduction of expensive and scarce additives - phosphate rock and dictioneem shale.

Closest to the proposed composition, selected as a prototype, is a composition (AS USSR No. 1585314 A1 dated 08/15/90; COMPOSITION FOR NEUTRALIZATION OF OIL CONTAMINATION OF SOILS), which contains peat - 22-26% (by weight), spent clay drilling mud (OBR) - 34-56%, filtroperlite - 16-30%, lime - 5-7%, nitrilotrimethylphosphonic acid - 1-3%.

The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below include the fact that an insufficiently effective composition contains a significant amount of toxic drilling waste - OBR, which is liquid waste (unlike drill cuttings (BS)) and a complex set of substances necessary to neutralize the effects of ecotoxicants (hydrocarbons and heavy metal ions), especially in a liquid medium. The inclusion of acidic and alkaline reagents in the prototype composition complicates the regulation and preparation of the desired pH value (optimal for fertility). Active additives (filter perlite, lime, NTF), introduced in large quantities, in themselves constitute a threat of environmental pollution.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of reclamation of disturbed lands with associated safe processing of harmful drilling waste - drill cuttings, and reduce the consumption of scarce, high-quality soil (sand and peat).

The technical result is the elimination of quarries and restoration of the fertile soil layer, the disposal of industrial waste - drill cuttings, reducing the cost of the composition, improving the environmental situation.

The problem is solved in that the composition contains as a filler and sorbent a peat-sand mixture (peat to sand ratio 1: 1) - 49-69% (by volume), 50-30% of drill cuttings in well construction (by volume) and up to 1% of active additives necessary to reduce the concentration of soluble oil products, waste toxicity and neutralize the acidic reaction of peat (with an increase in pH from 3-4 to 6-7.5):

a) quicklime - 0.6-0.8%,

Soylex - 0.12-0.15%,

"Degradoilas" - the rest,

or

b) Sorbent "Unipolymer" - 0.4-0.6%

Biochemical preparation "Polyenzyme complex UNI-REM" - 0.6-0.4%

The invention is carried out as follows. For example, for reclamation of a dry pit, two mixtures are prepared at the landfill: No. 1 - peat-sand 1: 1 (by volume) - 100%, then from 95% of mixture No. 1 (the amount depends on the area and depth of the quarry), mixture No. 2 is prepared - by adding to the mixture No. 1 drill cuttings in an amount of 50% of the total volume of the mixture No. 2, brought to optimum moisture for more efficient mixing and subsequent compaction, then active additives are added to reduce the toxicity of drill cuttings (in%, of the total volume of the mixture): quicklime - 0.75%, Soylex - 0.15%, Degrado las "- 0.1%.

Preparation and laying of the mixture is carried out by conventional road-building equipment, earthmoving and transporting machines, excavators, dump trucks, loaders, bulldozers, graders, milling cutters, rollers. Dosing of powder additives is carried out by a cement distributor DS-72, the introduction of liquid additives (suspension UNI - REM) is carried out by a watering machine PM - 130.

After the accumulation of the mixture in the stack and exposure for 1-7 s to undergo physicochemical sorption reactions and neutralization of toxicants, the mixture with the help of loaders or excavators is placed in dump trucks and transported to the place of laying - a previously developed career.

The discharged mixture No. 2 is leveled and laid in layers 0.3-0.5 m thick, then the composition is compressed layer-by-layer by pneumatic rollers. With this composition, the quarry is filled to a level of 0.3-0.5 m below the level of the surface, a layer (0.3-0.5 m) of mixture No. 1 (peat-sand) is laid on top of the ground.

This technical solution allows to increase the efficiency of reclamation of quarries and disturbed lands, to reduce the need for high-quality soils and reagents, to utilize drill cuttings to obtain a durable, environmentally safe and fertile composition.

Information sources

1. A.S. USSR No. 1247388 A1 dated 07/30/86; COMPOSITION FOR RECULTIVATION OF OIL SOIL POLLUTION; Cl. S 09 K 17/00, A 01 B 79/00.

2. A.S. USSR No. 1585314 A1 of 08/15/90; COMPOSITION FOR NEUTRALIZATION OF OIL POLLUTION OF SOILS; Cl. C 09 K.

Claims (3)

1. Composition for the restoration of quarries and disturbed lands, which includes peat sand mixture and drill cuttings, characterized in that the content of peat-sand mixture is 49-69% by volume, the ratio of sand and peat 1: 1 by volume, the content of drill cuttings 50-30%, respectively, while the composition of the composition additionally contains active neutralizing and reclamating additives in an amount up to 1% by volume. 2. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that as active additives are used from the total volume of the composition,%: Quicklime 0.6-0.8 Soylex 0.12-0.15 Degradoylas Rest 3. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that as active additives are used from the total volume of the composition,%: Sorbent "Unipolymer" 0.4-0.6 Biochemical preparation “Polyenzyme UNI-REM complex ” 0.6-0.4